（2）nginx 安装、启停
1、下载
nginx: download
http://nginx.org/en/download.html2、安装pcre库（支持rewrite模块）、zlib库（支持gzip模块）、openssl库（支持ssl模块）
忘了截图，下次安装再补上3、解压安装包
tar zxvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz4、编译安装
./configure && make && make install以上命令，nginx将默认安装到 /usr/local/nginx 目录下， ./configure --help 查看nginx可以选择的编译选项
root@ubuntu:~/mount/nginx-1.14.0$ ./configure --help
--help print this message
--prefix=PATH set installation prefix # 安装路径，默认 /usr/local/nginx
--sbin-path=PATH set nginx binary pathname # 可执行文件安装路径，安装时指定，默认 prefix/sbin/nginx
--modules-path=PATH set modules path
--conf-path=PATH set nginx.conf pathname # 主配置文件路径，默认 prefix/conf/nginx.conf
--error-log-path=PATH set error log pathname # 错误日志的路径，默认 prefix/logs/error.log
--pid-path=PATH set nginx.pid pathname # nginx.pid的路径，默认 prefix/logs/nginx.pid
--lock-path=PATH set nginx.lock pathname # nginx.lock文件的路径，保证只有一个服务运行的锁文件，nginx启动时自动创建
--user=USER set non-privileged user for # 指定用户，默认时nobody
worker processes
--group=GROUP set non-privileged group for # 若nginx.conf未指定用户组，则默认为 nobody
worker processes
--build=NAME set build name #
--builddir=DIR set build directory # 指定编译的目录
--with-select_module enable select module # 使用select模式（轮询，不适宜高并发）。默认select模式
--without-select_module disable select module # 不使用select模式
--with-poll_module enable poll module # 使用poll
--without-poll_module disable poll module
--with-threads enable thread pool support # 使支持线程池
--with-file-aio enable file AIO support #
--with-http_ssl_module enable ngx_http_ssl_module # 启用HTTP SSL，使支持HTTPS请求
--with-http_v2_module enable ngx_http_v2_module #
--with-http_realip_module enable ngx_http_realip_module #
--with-http_addition_module enable ngx_http_addition_module
--with-http_xslt_module enable ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_xslt_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_image_filter_module enable ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
enable dynamic ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_geoip_module enable ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_sub_module enable ngx_http_sub_module
--with-http_dav_module enable ngx_http_dav_module
--with-http_flv_module enable ngx_http_flv_module
--with-http_mp4_module enable ngx_http_mp4_module
--with-http_gunzip_module enable ngx_http_gunzip_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module
--with-http_auth_request_module enable ngx_http_auth_request_module
--with-http_random_index_module enable ngx_http_random_index_module
--with-http_secure_link_module enable ngx_http_secure_link_module
--with-http_degradation_module enable ngx_http_degradation_module
--with-http_slice_module enable ngx_http_slice_module
--with-http_stub_status_module enable ngx_http_stub_status_module
--without-http_charset_module disable ngx_http_charset_module
--without-http_gzip_module disable ngx_http_gzip_module
--without-http_ssi_module disable ngx_http_ssi_module
--without-http_userid_module disable ngx_http_userid_module
--without-http_access_module disable ngx_http_access_module
--without-http_auth_basic_module disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module
--without-http_mirror_module disable ngx_http_mirror_module
--without-http_autoindex_module disable ngx_http_autoindex_module
--without-http_geo_module disable ngx_http_geo_module
--without-http_map_module disable ngx_http_map_module
--without-http_split_clients_module disable ngx_http_split_clients_module
--without-http_referer_module disable ngx_http_referer_module
--without-http_rewrite_module disable ngx_http_rewrite_module
--without-http_proxy_module disable ngx_http_proxy_module
--without-http_fastcgi_module disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module
--without-http_uwsgi_module disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module
--without-http_scgi_module disable ngx_http_scgi_module
--without-http_grpc_module disable ngx_http_grpc_module
--without-http_memcached_module disable ngx_http_memcached_module
--without-http_limit_conn_module disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module
--without-http_limit_req_module disable ngx_http_limit_req_module
--without-http_empty_gif_module disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module
--without-http_browser_module disable ngx_http_browser_module
--without-http_upstream_hash_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_least_conn_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-http_upstream_keepalive_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module
--without-http_upstream_zone_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_zone_module
--with-http_perl_module enable ngx_http_perl_module
--with-http_perl_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_perl_module
--with-perl_modules_path=PATH set Perl modules path
--with-perl=PATH set perl binary pathname
--http-log-path=PATH set http access log pathname
--http-client-body-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http client request body temporary files
--http-proxy-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http proxy temporary files
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http fastcgi temporary files
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http uwsgi temporary files
--http-scgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http scgi temporary files
--without-http disable HTTP server
--without-http-cache disable HTTP cache
--with-mail enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail=dynamic enable dynamic POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail_ssl_module enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
--without-mail_pop3_module disable ngx_mail_pop3_module
--without-mail_imap_module disable ngx_mail_imap_module
--without-mail_smtp_module disable ngx_mail_smtp_module
--with-stream enable TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream=dynamic enable dynamic TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream_ssl_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
--with-stream_realip_module enable ngx_stream_realip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module enable ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_ssl_preread_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
--without-stream_limit_conn_module disable ngx_stream_limit_conn_module
--without-stream_access_module disable ngx_stream_access_module
--without-stream_geo_module disable ngx_stream_geo_module
--without-stream_map_module disable ngx_stream_map_module
--without-stream_split_clients_module
disable ngx_stream_split_clients_module
--without-stream_return_module disable ngx_stream_return_module
--without-stream_upstream_hash_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module
--without-stream_upstream_least_conn_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-stream_upstream_zone_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module
--with-google_perftools_module enable ngx_google_perftools_module
--with-cpp_test_module enable ngx_cpp_test_module
--add-module=PATH enable external module
--add-dynamic-module=PATH enable dynamic external module
--with-compat dynamic modules compatibility
--with-cc=PATH set C compiler pathname # 编译器路径
--with-cpp=PATH set C preprocessor pathname # 预处理器路径
--with-cc-opt=OPTIONS set additional C compiler options
--with-ld-opt=OPTIONS set additional linker options
--with-cpu-opt=CPU build for the specified CPU, valid values:
pentium, pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4,
athlon, opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64
--without-pcre disable PCRE library usage
--with-pcre force PCRE library usage
--with-pcre=DIR set path to PCRE library sources
--with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for PCRE
--with-pcre-jit build PCRE with JIT compilation support
--with-zlib=DIR set path to zlib library sources
--with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for zlib
--with-zlib-asm=CPU use zlib assembler sources optimized
for the specified CPU, valid values:
pentium, pentiumpro
--with-libatomic force libatomic_ops library usage
--with-libatomic=DIR set path to libatomic_ops library sources #
--with-openssl=DIR set path to OpenSSL library sources # openssl库的源码路径
--with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for OpenSSL # 编译时为openssl附加参数
--with-debug enable debug logging # 启用调试日志
5、启停
使用 systemctl 或 service 命令都可
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl stop nginx.service
service nginx start
service nginx stop
# 平滑重启
# 更改后的配置文件必须语法正确，否则将不会加载新的配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t #使用此命令可以校验配置文件是否正确
# 校验正确如下：
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# 此时可执行平滑重启命令
sudo kill -HUP nginx主pid
6、启动后，就可以在windows浏览器中输入自己的虚拟机IP访问nginx了，如果访问不通，优先考虑防火墙是不是开着