How to use conda in Ubuntu 22.04
How to use conda in Ubuntu 22.04
- 切换清华源
- 创建环境
- 查看环境
- 激活环境
- 查看环境中的包
- 在环境中安装包
- 退出当前环境
- 命令行自动补全
切换清华源
sudo tee ~/.condarc <<-'EOF'
auto_activate_base: falsechannels:- defaults
show_channel_urls: true
default_channels:- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudmsys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudbioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudmenpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudpytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudpytorch-lts: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloudsimpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/clouddeepmodeling: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/
EOF
创建环境
lwk@qwfys:~$ conda create -n harbin
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done## Package Plan ##environment location: /home/lwk/anaconda3/envs/harbinProceed ([y]/n)? yPreparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
# $ conda activate harbin
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
# $ conda deactivatelwk@qwfys:~$
查看环境
lwk@qwfys:~$ conda info --envs
# conda environments:
#
base /home/lwk/anaconda3
harbin /home/lwk/anaconda3/envs/harbin
shaoxing /home/lwk/anaconda3/envs/shaoxinglwk@qwfys:~$
激活环境
lwk@qwfys:~$ conda activate harbin
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$
查看环境中的包
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$ conda list
# packages in environment at /home/lwk/anaconda3/envs/harbin:
#
# Name Version Build Channel
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$ pip list
Package Version
------------------------- ----------------
anyio 4.2.0
apt-clone 0.2.1
apturl 0.5.2
argon2-cffi 23.1.0
argon2-cffi-bindings 21.2.0
arrow 1.3.0
asttokens 2.4.1
async-lru 2.0.4
async-timeout 4.0.1
attrs 23.2.0
Babel 2.14.0
beautifulsoup4 4.10.0
bleach 6.1.0
blinker 1.4
Brlapi 0.8.3
Brotli 1.0.9
certifi 2020.6.20
cffi 1.16.0
chardet 4.0.0
charset-normalizer 3.3.2
click 8.0.3
colorama 0.4.4
comm 0.2.1
command-not-found 0.3
configobj 5.0.6
cryptography 3.4.8
cupshelpers 1.0
dbus-python 1.2.18
debugpy 1.8.0
decorator 5.1.1
defer 1.0.6
defusedxml 0.7.1
distro 1.7.0
exceptiongroup 1.2.0
executing 2.0.1
eyeD3 0.8.10
fastjsonschema 2.19.1
filelock 3.6.0
fqdn 1.5.1
httplib2 0.20.2
idna 3.3
ifaddr 0.1.7
IMDbPY 2021.4.18
importlib-metadata 4.6.4
inflection 0.5.1
ipykernel 6.29.0
ipython 8.20.0
isoduration 20.11.0
jedi 0.19.1
jeepney 0.7.1
Jinja2 3.1.3
json5 0.9.14
jsonpointer 2.4
jsonschema 4.21.1
jsonschema-specifications 2023.12.1
jupyter_client 8.6.0
jupyter_core 5.7.1
jupyter-events 0.9.0
jupyter-lsp 2.2.2
jupyter_server 2.12.5
jupyter_server_terminals 0.5.2
jupyterlab 4.0.11
jupyterlab_pygments 0.3.0
jupyterlab_server 2.25.2
keyring 23.5.0
launchpadlib 1.10.16
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.4
lazr.uri 1.0.6
louis 3.20.0
macaroonbakery 1.3.1
Mako 1.1.3
MarkupSafe 2.0.1
matplotlib-inline 0.1.6
mistune 3.0.2
more-itertools 8.10.0
mutagen 1.45.1
nbclient 0.9.0
nbconvert 7.14.2
nbformat 5.9.2
nemo-emblems 6.0.1
nest-asyncio 1.6.0
netaddr 0.8.0
netifaces 0.11.0
notebook_shim 0.2.3
oauthlib 3.2.0
onboard 1.4.1
openapi 1.1.0
overrides 7.7.0
packaging 21.3
PAM 0.4.2
pandocfilters 1.5.1
parso 0.8.3
pexpect 4.8.0
Pillow 9.0.1
pip 22.0.2
platformdirs 4.1.0
prometheus-client 0.19.0
prompt-toolkit 3.0.43
protobuf 3.12.4
psutil 5.9.0
ptyprocess 0.7.0
pure-eval 0.2.2
pycairo 1.20.1
pycparser 2.21
pycryptodomex 3.11.0
pycups 2.0.1
pycurl 7.44.1
pyelftools 0.27
Pygments 2.17.2
PyGObject 3.42.1
PyICU 2.8.1
pyinotify 0.9.6
PyJWT 2.3.0
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyNaCl 1.5.0
pyparsing 2.4.7
pyparted 3.11.7
pyRFC3339 1.1
python-apt 2.4.0+ubuntu3
python-dateutil 2.8.2
python-debian 0.1.43+ubuntu1.1
python-gnupg 0.4.8
python-json-logger 2.0.7
python-magic 0.4.24
python-xlib 0.29
pytz 2022.1
pyxdg 0.27
PyYAML 5.4.1
pyzmq 25.1.2
qrcode 7.3.1
referencing 0.33.0
reportlab 3.6.8
requests 2.31.0
requests-file 1.5.1
rfc3339-validator 0.1.4
rfc3986-validator 0.1.1
rpds-py 0.17.1
screen-resolution-extra 0.0.0
SecretStorage 3.3.1
Send2Trash 1.8.2
setproctitle 1.2.2
setuptools 59.6.0
six 1.16.0
sniffio 1.3.0
soupsieve 2.3.1
stack-data 0.6.3
systemd-python 234
terminado 0.18.0
tinycss2 1.1.1
tldextract 3.1.2
tomli 2.0.1
tornado 6.4
traitlets 5.14.1
types-python-dateutil 2.8.19.20240106
typing_extensions 4.9.0
ubuntu-drivers-common 0.0.0
ufw 0.36.1
Unidecode 1.3.3
uri-template 1.3.0
urllib3 1.26.5
vboxapi 1.0
wadllib 1.3.6
wcwidth 0.2.13
webcolors 1.13
webencodings 0.5.1
websocket-client 1.7.0
websockets 9.1
wheel 0.37.1
xdg 5
xkit 0.0.0
xlrd 1.2.0
yt-dlp 2022.4.8
zipp 1.0.0
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$
在环境中安装包
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$ conda install openpyxl
Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
Solving environment: done ## Package Plan ## environment location: /home/lwk/anaconda3/envs/harbin added / updated specs: - openpyxl The following packages will be downloaded: package | build ---------------------------|----------------- et_xmlfile-1.1.0 | py312h06a4308_1 12 KB defaultsopenpyxl-3.0.10 | py312h5eee18b_0 647 KB defaultspandas-2.1.4 | py312h526ad5a_0 14.7 MB defaults------------------------------------------------------------Total: 15.3 MBThe following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:et_xmlfile anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::et_xmlfile-1.1.0-py312h06a4308_1 openpyxl anaconda/pkgs/main/linux-64::openpyxl-3.0.10-py312h5eee18b_0 The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:pandas 2.2.1-py312h526ad5a_0 --> 2.1.4-py312h526ad5a_0 Proceed ([y]/n)? yDownloading and Extracting PackagesPreparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$
退出当前环境
(harbin) lwk@qwfys:~$ conda deactivate
lwk@qwfys:~$
命令行自动补全
conda install -c conda-forge conda-bash-completion
具体安装过程如下：
lwk@qwfys:~$ conda install -c conda-forge conda-bash-completion
Channels:- conda-forge- defaults- https://repo.anaconda.com/pkgs/main
Platform: linux-64
Collecting package metadata (repodata.json): \done
Solving environment: done## Package Plan ##environment location: /home/lwk/miniconda3added / updated specs:- conda-bash-completionThe following packages will be downloaded:package | build---------------------------|-----------------_libgcc_mutex-0.1 | conda_forge 3 KB conda-forge_openmp_mutex-4.5 | 2_gnu 23 KB conda-forgebash-completion-2.11 | ha770c72_1 205 KB conda-forgeca-certificates-2024.2.2 | hbcca054_0 152 KB conda-forgecertifi-2024.2.2 | pyhd8ed1ab_0 157 KB conda-forgeconda-24.1.2 | py312h7900ff3_0 1.2 MB conda-forgeconda-bash-completion-1.7 | ha770c72_1 21 KB conda-forgelibexpat-2.5.0 | hcb278e6_1 76 KB conda-forgelibgcc-ng-13.2.0 | h807b86a_5 752 KB conda-forgelibgomp-13.2.0 | h807b86a_5 410 KB conda-forgelibnsl-2.0.1 | hd590300_0 33 KB conda-forgelibsqlite-3.45.1 | h2797004_0 839 KB conda-forgelibuuid-2.38.1 | h0b41bf4_0 33 KB conda-forgelibxcrypt-4.4.36 | hd590300_1 98 KB conda-forgelibzlib-1.2.13 | hd590300_5 60 KB conda-forgeopenssl-3.2.1 | hd590300_0 2.7 MB conda-forgepython-3.12.2 |hab00c5b_0_cpython 30.8 MB conda-forgepython_abi-3.12 | 4_cp312 6 KB conda-forgetk-8.6.13 |noxft_h4845f30_101 3.2 MB conda-forgezlib-1.2.13 | hd590300_5 91 KB conda-forge------------------------------------------------------------Total: 40.8 MBThe following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:bash-completion conda-forge/linux-64::bash-completion-2.11-ha770c72_1 conda-bash-comple~ conda-forge/linux-64::conda-bash-completion-1.7-ha770c72_1 libexpat conda-forge/linux-64::libexpat-2.5.0-hcb278e6_1 libnsl conda-forge/linux-64::libnsl-2.0.1-hd590300_0 libsqlite conda-forge/linux-64::libsqlite-3.45.1-h2797004_0 libxcrypt conda-forge/linux-64::libxcrypt-4.4.36-hd590300_1 libzlib conda-forge/linux-64::libzlib-1.2.13-hd590300_5 python_abi conda-forge/linux-64::python_abi-3.12-4_cp312 The following packages will be UPDATED:ca-certificates pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2023.12.12~ --> conda-forge::ca-certificates-2024.2.2-hbcca054_0 libgcc-ng pkgs/main::libgcc-ng-11.2.0-h1234567_1 --> conda-forge::libgcc-ng-13.2.0-h807b86a_5 libgomp pkgs/main::libgomp-11.2.0-h1234567_1 --> conda-forge::libgomp-13.2.0-h807b86a_5 libuuid pkgs/main::libuuid-1.41.5-h5eee18b_0 --> conda-forge::libuuid-2.38.1-h0b41bf4_0 openssl pkgs/main::openssl-3.0.13-h7f8727e_0 --> conda-forge::openssl-3.2.1-hd590300_0 python pkgs/main::python-3.12.1-h996f2a0_0 --> conda-forge::python-3.12.2-hab00c5b_0_cpython tk pkgs/main::tk-8.6.12-h1ccaba5_0 --> conda-forge::tk-8.6.13-noxft_h4845f30_101 zlib pkgs/main::zlib-1.2.13-h5eee18b_0 --> conda-forge::zlib-1.2.13-hd590300_5 The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:_libgcc_mutex pkgs/main::_libgcc_mutex-0.1-main --> conda-forge::_libgcc_mutex-0.1-conda_forge _openmp_mutex pkgs/main::_openmp_mutex-5.1-1_gnu --> conda-forge::_openmp_mutex-4.5-2_gnu certifi pkgs/main/linux-64::certifi-2024.2.2-~ --> conda-forge/noarch::certifi-2024.2.2-pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda pkgs/main::conda-24.1.2-py312h06a4308~ --> conda-forge::conda-24.1.2-py312h7900ff3_0 Proceed ([y]/n)? y
Invalid choice: y
Proceed ([y]/n)? yDownloading and Extracting Packages:Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
lwk@qwfys:~$
安装完成以后，要确保用户目录配置文件.condarc中auto_activate_base: false被注释掉，或者将auto_activate_base: false修改为auto_activate_base: true。
参考文献
- Anaconda完全入门指南
- Anaconda介绍、安装及使用教程
- 请问大神们，pip install 和conda install有什么区别吗？
- Anaconda 镜像使用帮助
- 校园网联合镜像站|Anaconda 软件仓库镜像使用帮助
- Bash completion support for the conda command