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Qt for android 串口库使用

news 来源：原创 2024/9/7 16:59:51

简介

由于Qt for android并没有提供android的串口执行方案，基于需要又懒得自己去造轮子，使用开源的
usb-serial-for-android 库进行串口访问读写。
如果有自己的需要和库不满足的点，可以查看库的底层调用的Android相关API + C/C++ 串口库 + 对应串口设备的开源驱动代码进行改造。

Note: 由于我没有系统的学习过Java、Android，如果涉及到认知冲突，请信自己[礼貌不失尴尬的微笑]。

步骤

1. 下载 usb-serial-for-android release版本

usb-serial-for-android_v3.7.2.zip

2. 解压缩

解压缩之后目录呈现如下图, 移植的代码在usbSerialForAndroid目录下

在这里插入图片描述

3. 加入Qt for Android项目

将usbSerialForAndroid/src/main/java/com目录整个拷入到Qt for
android生成的Android目录下

在这里插入图片描述

Qt for android 工程目录下的android源码目录

在这里插入图片描述

4. 设置Qt Creator显化java代码

DISTFILES +=
android/src/com/hoho/android/usbserial/driver/.java \
android/src/com/hoho/android/usbserial/util/.java

5. 编译和解决报错

在这里插入图片描述

错误1 BuildConfig不存在

BuildConfig 是 gradle自动生成的，移植的时候并没有一起移植过来，所以有几种方案：

1) 注释掉掉BuildConfig相关信息代码

2) Qt for android本身的项目也生成BuildConfig, 将引用包由原先

import com.hoho.android.usbserial.BuildConfig; 改成
import org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig;

3) 创建BuildConfig.java，导入或者自定义相关使用字段(我目前使用的)

package com.hoho.android.usbserial;
public final class BuildConfig {public static final boolean DEBUG = false;public static final String APPLICATION_ID = "org.qtproject.example";public static final String BUILD_TYPE = "release";public static final int VERSION_CODE = 1;public static final String VERSION_NAME = "1.0";
}

或(我暂时使用的方法)

package com.hoho.android.usbserial;public final class BuildConfig {public static final boolean DEBUG = org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig.DEBUG;public static final String APPLICATION_ID = org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID;public static final String BUILD_TYPE = org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE;public static final int VERSION_CODE = org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig.VERSION_CODE;public static final String VERSION_NAME = org.qtproject.example.BuildConfig.VERSION_NAME;
}

4) 定义包自身的gradle，这个我暂时没有去Study和尝试，懂得朋友开始自己的表演。(推荐)

6. 代码

mainwindows.cpp

void MainWindow::test()
{QJniObject str = QJniObject::fromString(ui->cbPortNames->currentText());jboolean res = QJniObject::callStaticMethod<jboolean>("usb/USBListActivity","test","(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",str.object<jstring>());if (0 == res){logger("test failed");}else{logger("test succeed");}
}

usb.USBListActivity.java

package usb;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.io.IOException;import android.content.Intent;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.util.Log;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbDevice;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbDeviceConnection;import com.hoho.android.usbserial.driver.Ch34xSerialDriver;
import com.hoho.android.usbserial.driver.UsbSerialPort;public class USBListActivity extends org.qtproject.qt.android.bindings.QtActivity
{private static USBListActivity instance = null;private static UsbManager usbManager = null;private static String tag = "MainClass";private static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION";public USBListActivity(){instance = this;}@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);usbManager = (UsbManager)getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);// getDeviceList();}public static boolean test(String portName){System.out.println("<-------------->test: " + portName);if (portName.isEmpty()){Log.i(tag, "port empty");return false;}System.out.println("<-------------->test1: " + portName);HashMap<String, UsbDevice> deviceList = usbManager.getDeviceList();UsbDevice device = null;for (Map.Entry<String, UsbDevice> entry : deviceList.entrySet()){if (portName.equals(entry.getKey())){device = entry.getValue();break;}}if (device == null){Log.i(tag, "device not exists");return false;}if (!usbManager.hasPermission(device)){Intent permissionIntent = new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(instance,0,permissionIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);usbManager.requestPermission(device, pendingIntent);if (!usbManager.hasPermission(device)){Log.i(tag, "permission denied");return false;}}UsbDeviceConnection deviceConnection = usbManager.openDevice(device);if (null == deviceConnection){Log.i(tag, "fail to open device");return false;}Ch34xSerialDriver ch340Device = new Ch34xSerialDriver(device);UsbSerialPort serialport = ch340Device.getPorts().get(0);/* 打开串口 */try {serialport.open(deviceConnection);} catch (IOException ignored) {Log.i(tag, "fail to open serial port");return false;}/* 设置串口参数 */try {serialport.setParameters(115200, 8, 1, UsbSerialPort.PARITY_NONE);}catch (IOException ignored) {Log.i(tag, "fail to set parameters");}/* 向串口发送数据 */try {serialport.write("Hello, world!".getBytes(), 1000);} catch (IOException e) {System.out.println("catched write error expected");}/* 关闭串口 */try {serialport.close();} catch (IOException ignored) {}return true;}public void getDeviceList(){HashMap<String, UsbDevice> deviceList = usbManager.getDeviceList();System.out.println("------------------------->GetDeviceList<-------------------------");deviceList.forEach((key, value) -> {System.out.println("------------------------->" + key + "<-------------------------");System.out.println(value);System.out.println("<-------------------------" + key + "------------------------->");});System.out.println("<-------------------------GetDeviceList------------------------->");}
}