QT系列教程(6) 几种标准对话框

几种标准对话框

本文介绍几种标准对话框，都是Qt封装好的，我们先创建一个界面，添加几个按钮，然后分别在几个按钮的回调函数里添加创建不同对话框的逻辑

颜色对话框

颜色对话框用来选择颜色，创建后会显示各种颜色和透明度信息

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
//    QColorDialog colorDlg(Qt::blue, this);
//    colorDlg.setOption(QColorDialog::ShowAlphaChannel);
//    colorDlg.exec();
//    QColor color = colorDlg.currentColor();
//    qDebug() << "color is " << color;QColor color = QColorDialog::getColor(Qt::blue, this,tr("选择颜色"), QColorDialog::ShowAlphaChannel );qDebug() << "color is " << color;
}

注释中也是创建颜色对话框的一种方式，两种方式都可以。

文本对话框

创建一个选择文件的对话框，选择后，可以根据返回值打印选择的文件的路径信息

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{QString path = QDir::currentPath();QString title = tr("文件对话框");QString filter = tr("文本文件(*.txt);;图片文件(*.jpg *.gif *.png);;所有文件(*.*)");QString aFileName=QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this,title,path,filter);qDebug() << aFileName << endl;
}

输入对话框

输入对话框分几种，包括文本输入对话框，整数输入对话框，浮点数输入对话框，条目输入对话框。
先看看文本输入对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
{bool ok = false;auto text = QInputDialog::getText(this, tr("文字输入对话框"), tr("请输入用户的姓名"), QLineEdit::Normal, tr("admin"), &ok);if(ok){qDebug() << text << endl;}
}

整形输入对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_4_clicked()
{bool ok = false;auto intdata = QInputDialog::getInt(this,tr("数字输入对话框"),tr("请输入数字"),200,-200,400,10,&ok);if(ok){qDebug() << intdata << endl;}
}

浮点输入对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_5_clicked()
{bool ok = false;auto floatdata = QInputDialog::getDouble(this,tr("浮点数输入对话框"),tr("输入浮点数"),0.1,-1,1,2,&ok);if(ok){qDebug() << floatdata << endl;}
}

条目输入对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_6_clicked()
{QStringList items;items << tr("条目1") << tr("条目2");bool ok = false;auto itemData = QInputDialog::getItem(this,tr("条目输入对话框"),tr("输入或选择条目"),items,0,true, &ok);if(ok){qDebug() << "item is " << itemData << endl;}
}

提示对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_7_clicked()
{auto ret = QMessageBox::question(this,tr("提问对话框"),tr("你是单身吗"),QMessageBox::Yes, QMessageBox::No);if(ret == QMessageBox::Yes || ret == QMessageBox::No){qDebug() << "ret is " << ret << endl;}auto ret2 = QMessageBox::information(this,tr("通知对话框"),tr("你好单身狗"),QMessageBox::Ok);if(ret2 == QMessageBox::Ok){qDebug() << "ret2 is " << ret2 << endl;}auto ret3 = QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("警告对话框"),tr("你最好找个地方发泄一下"),QMessageBox::Ok);if(ret3 == QMessageBox::Ok){qDebug() << "ret3 is " << ret3 << endl;}auto ret4 = QMessageBox::critical(this,tr("关键提示对话框"), tr("我梦寐以求是真爱和自由"),QMessageBox::Ok);if(ret4 == QMessageBox::Ok){qDebug() << "ret4 is " << ret4 << endl;}
}

进度对话框

当我们复制或进行文件传输时，会显示一个进度条的对话框，我们可以使用QProcessDialog来操作。

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_8_clicked()
{// 进度提示框一闪而逝，不是逻辑问题，是5000量级太小了QProgressDialog progressDialog(tr("正在复制"),tr("取消复制"),0,5000,this);progressDialog.setWindowTitle(tr("文件复制进度对话框"));progressDialog.setWindowModality(Qt::ApplicationModal);progressDialog.show();for(int i = 0; i < 5000; i++){progressDialog.setValue(i);QApplication::processEvents();if(progressDialog.wasCanceled()){break;}}progressDialog.setValue(5000);
}

因为循环很快完成，所以进度条一闪而逝，那么我们可以通过定时器的方式定时更新进度，这样就可以更清楚的看到进度条对话框更新情况了

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_8_clicked()
{//改用定时器_progressDialog = new QProgressDialog(tr("正在复制"),tr("取消复制"),0,5000,this);_progressDialog->setWindowTitle(tr("文件复制进度对话框"));_progressDialog->setWindowModality(Qt::ApplicationModal);_timer = new QTimer(this);connect(_timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, &MainWindow::on_updateProgressDialog);connect(_progressDialog, &QProgressDialog::canceled, this, &MainWindow::on_cancelProgressDialog);_timer->start(2);qDebug("复制结束");
}

上面代码连接了定时器的timeout信号和主窗口的on_updateProgressDialog函数, 该函数的主要作用就是定时更新进度条，逻辑如下

void MainWindow::on_updateProgressDialog()
{_count++;if(_count > 5000){_timer->stop();delete  _timer;_timer = nullptr;delete _progressDialog;_progressDialog = nullptr;_count = 0;return;}_progressDialog->setValue(_count);
}

另外我们需要在进度条满了的时候发消息通知主窗口关闭

void MainWindow::on_cancelProgressDialog(){_timer->stop();delete  _timer;_timer = nullptr;delete _progressDialog;_progressDialog = nullptr;_count = 0;return;
}yi

这样进度条满了之后我们就可以回收定时器资源了。

向导对话框

当我们想引导用户操作时可以采用向导对话框，比如安装软件时就会根据向导对话框一步一步操作，我们也实现一个向导对话框

void MainWindow::on_pushButton_10_clicked()
{QWizard wizard(this);wizard.setWindowTitle(tr("全城热恋"));QWizardPage* page1 = new QWizardPage();page1->setTitle(tr("婚恋介绍引导程序"));auto label1 = new QLabel();label1->setText(tr("该程序帮助您找到人生伴侣"));QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();layout->addWidget(label1);page1->setLayout(layout);wizard.addPage(page1);QWizardPage* page2 = new QWizardPage();page2->setTitle("选择心动类型");QButtonGroup *group = new QButtonGroup(page2);QRadioButton * btn1 = new QRadioButton();btn1->setText("白富美");group->addButton(btn1);QRadioButton * btn2 = new QRadioButton();btn2->setText("萝莉");group->addButton(btn2);QRadioButton * btn3 = new QRadioButton();btn3->setText("御姐");group->addButton(btn3);QRadioButton * btn4 = new QRadioButton();btn4->setText("小家碧玉");group->addButton(btn4);QRadioButton * btn5 = new QRadioButton();btn5->setText("女汉子");group->addButton(btn5);QRadioButton * btn6 = new QRadioButton();btn6->setText("成年人不做选择，全选!");group->addButton(btn6);QVBoxLayout *vboxLayout2 = new QVBoxLayout();for(int i = 0; i < group->buttons().size(); i++){vboxLayout2->addWidget(group->buttons()[i]);}page2->setLayout(vboxLayout2);wizard.addPage(page2);QWizardPage* page3 = new QWizardPage();page3->setTitle(tr("你的缘分即将到来"));auto label3 = new QLabel();label3->setText(tr("感谢您的参与，接下来的一个月会遇到对的人"));QVBoxLayout *layout3 = new QVBoxLayout();layout3->addWidget(label3);page3->setLayout(layout3);wizard.addPage(page3);wizard.show();wizard.exec();
}

总结

视频链接https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Vd4y1g7vP/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=8be9e83424c2ed2c9b2a3ed1d01385e9
源码链接https://gitee.com/secondtonone1/qt-learning-notes