接口自动化测试框架-fixture函数使用
前言
setup和teardown能实现在测试用例执行之前或之后做一些操作，但是这种是整个测试脚本全局生效的；
如果想实现某些用例执行之前进行登录，某些用例执行之前不需要进行登录，这种场景我们再使用setup和teardown就无法实现了，这时候我们就需要用到fixture功能了。
1、fixture函数
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python">fixture<span style="color:#999999">(</span>scope<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"function"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> params<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">None</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> autouse<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">False</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> ids<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">None</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> name<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">None</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>参数说明：
1）scope：fixture函数的作用域；
可选值：function(默认)、class、module、session
function：作用于每个方法或函数，每个方法或函数都运行一次
class：作用于整个class类，每个class中的所有test只运行一次
module：作用于整个模块，每个module中的所有test只运行一次
session：作用于整个session，整个session只运行一次(慎用)
2）params：列表类型；
一个可选的参数列表；
它将会多次调用被fixture标记的方法和所有用到这个fixture的test测试用例；
默认为None；当前调用参数可以用 request.param 来获取。
3）autouse：如果为True，则为所有测试用例激活fixture，运行测试用例的时候会自动运行被fixture标记的方法；
如果为False，则需要显示指定来激活fixture，不会自动运行。
4）ids：id字符串列表，与params相对应，因此它们也是测试的一部分。如果没有提供ids，那么将会从params来自动生成。
5）name：fixture的名称。默认为被fixture装饰器标记的函数名。
2、fixture的使用
1）通过参数引用fixture函数
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name：test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> before<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># test_a方法以参数的形式传入了被fixture标记的函数，fixture的名称默认为被fixture标记的函数名</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>
pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>2）通过使用name参数来引用fixture函数
①name参数表示fixture的重命名；
②通常来说使用 fixture 的测试函数会将 fixture 的函数名作为参数传递，但是 pytest 也允许将fixture重命名。
举例1：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name：test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>name<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"before_fixture_name"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> before_fixture_name<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># test_a方法以参数的形式传入了被fixture标记的函数，这里的fixture名称为：before_fixture_name，如果不设置name参数，则fixture的名称默认为被fixture标记的函数名</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>举例2：
为fixture函数重命名之后，不可以在使用fixture函数的函数名来调用，只能通过fixture函数重命名的新名字来调用。
3）通过@pytest.mark.usefixtures(‘fixture函数名’)函数的形式引用fixture函数
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 被fixture标记的函数也可以应用在测试类的外部,使用@pytest.mark.usefixtures()装饰器来引用</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>mark<span style="color:#999999">.</span>usefixtures</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"before"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 通过使用usefixtures()来引用fixture，此时usefixtures()函数的入参是fixture函数的函数名</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>4）通过autouse=True设置默认执行fixture函数
①fixture函数的autouse参数默认等于False；
②fixture函数的autouse参数若为True，刚每个测试函数都会自动调用该fixture函数，而且无需传入fixture函数名。
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>autouse<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">True</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 通过参数autouse=True来设置fixture默认运行</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_b</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_b has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>5）fixture作用域设置成function
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>scope<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"function"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> autouse<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">True</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 作用域设置成function，通过参数autouse=True来设置fixture默认运行</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_b</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_b has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>6）fixture作用域设置成class
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>scope<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#669900">"class"</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> autouse<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#56b6c2">True</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 作用域设置成class，通过参数autouse=True来设置fixture默认运行</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">before</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_b</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_b has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>7）fixture的返回值使用
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">return_data</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">return</span> <span style="color:#98c379">2</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 返回值</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> return_data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span> <span style="color:#669900">==</span> return_data <span style="color:#5c6370"># 拿到返回值做断言</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>8）fixture的params参数使用
①params形参是fixture函数的可选形参列表，支持列表传入；
②不传此参数时默认为None；
③每个param的值fixture函数都会去调用执行一次，类似for循环。
④可与参数ids一起使用，作为每个参数的标识，类似于用例参数化时的ids作用。
举例：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># file_name: test_fixture.py</span><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>params<span style="color:#669900">=</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#98c379">1</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#98c379">2</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#98c379">3</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">return_data</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>request<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 传入参数request，request系统内置的fixture</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"\n--------before fixture has ran--------"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">return</span> request<span style="color:#999999">.</span>param <span style="color:#5c6370"># 通过request.param 获取当前传入的参数</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> Test_A<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_a</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> return_data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">'-------test_a has ran,return_data的值为：{}-------'</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>return_data<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span> <span style="color:#669900">==</span> return_data <span style="color:#5c6370"># 拿到返回值做断言</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">[</span><span style="color:#669900">'-s'</span><span style="color:#999999">,</span> <span style="color:#669900">'test_fixture.py'</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>运行结果：
从结果中我们可以看到测试用例执行了3次。通过设置params参数会导致多次调用被fixture标记的函数，并且使用该fixture函数的测试用例也会执行多次。
9）fixture的params参数于ids参数结合使用
①fixture函数未配置ids参数之前：用例执行后的标识为传入的params参数。
②fixture函数配置ids参数之后：用例执行后的标识为传入的ids参数。并与params参数一一对应。
10）fixture函数的相互调用（fixture函数与fixture函数之间的依赖关系）
举例1：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest
<span style="color:#5c6370"># fixtrue作为参数，互相调用传入</span>
<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">account</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>a <span style="color:#669900">=</span> <span style="color:#669900">"account"</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"第一层fixture"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">return</span> a<span style="color:#5c6370">#Fixture的相互调用一定是要在测试类里调用这层fixture才会生次，普通函数单独调用是不生效的</span>
<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">login</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>account<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"第二层fixture"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> TestLogin<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_1</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> login<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"直接使用第二层fixture,返回值为{}"</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>login<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_2</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">,</span> account<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"只调用account fixture,返回值为{}"</span><span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#669900">format</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>account<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">if</span> __name__ <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#669900">'__main__'</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span>pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>main<span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
</code></span></span>举例2：
如果一个fixture函数依赖另外一个fixture函数，此时不能使@pytest.mark.usefixtures() 调用被依赖的fixture函数，这种调用方式不会生效。而是需要用函数传递的方式才能生效。
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#282c34"><code class="language-python"><span style="color:#5c6370"># test_fixture_02.py</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">import</span> pytest<span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">login_weibo</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"==============登陆微博==============="</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>fixture</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#5c6370"># @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login_weibo") #这种方式不会生效</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">get_weibo_data</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>login_weibo<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span> <span style="color:#5c6370"># 这种方式才会生效</span><span style="color:#669900">"""fixture函数依赖，需要用传递函数的方式"""</span><span style="color:#c678dd">print</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"=============获取微博数据=============="</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>mark<span style="color:#999999">.</span>demo</span>
<span style="color:#c678dd">class</span> TestMyCode<span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#999999">@pytest<span style="color:#999999">.</span>mark<span style="color:#999999">.</span>usefixtures</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#669900">"get_weibo_data"</span><span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#c678dd">def</span> <span style="color:#61aeee">test_fixture_005</span><span style="color:#999999">(</span>self<span style="color:#999999">)</span><span style="color:#999999">:</span><span style="color:#669900">"""fixture函数在测试脚本文件中"""</span><span style="color:#c678dd">assert</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span> <span style="color:#669900">==</span> <span style="color:#98c379">1</span>
</code></span></span>运行结果：
注意：
①即使fixture函数之间支持相互调用，但普通函数直接使用fixture是不支持的，一定是在测试函数内调用才会逐级调用生效。
②有多层fixture函数调用时，最先执行的是最后一层fixture函数，而不是先执行传入测试函数的fixture函数。
③上层fixture函数的值不会自动return，这里就类似函数相互调用一样的逻辑。【函数调用值需要赋值给一个变量并使用】
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