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linux打开桌面软件(wps)、获取已打开的文件名（wps）

news 来源：原创 2024/9/28 12:25:02

程序测试环境是：slackware系统，属于linux系统，有桌面。系统镜像是：slackware64-15.0-install-dvd.iso。c++代码实现。

编译命令是：

gcc -o main main.cpp -lstdc++

如下是测试代码demo，您可根据注释摘取自己需要的代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <ranges>// 打开默认软件
void open_wps(){pid_t pid = fork();if(pid == 0){const char* wpsCommand[] = {"vlc", nullptr};//wps（word）、et（excel）、wpspdf（pdf）、wpp（ppt）if(execvp(wpsCommand[0], (char* const*)wpsCommand) == -1){perror("failed to exec WPS");exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}else if(pid > 0){std::cout << "in main process" << std::endl;}else{perror("fork failed");exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}}
}// 根据文件打开软件
void open_wps(const char* wpsType, const std::string& filePath) {// Check if the file existsif (access(filePath.c_str(), F_OK) == -1) {std::cerr << "Error: File does not exist." << std::endl;return;}// Fork a child processpid_t pid = fork();if (pid == -1) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to fork." << std::endl;return;}if (pid == 0) {// Child processchar *argv[] = {(char *)wpsType, (char *)filePath.c_str(), nullptr};if (execvp(argv[0], argv) == -1) {std::cerr << "Error: Failed to execute command." << std::endl;_exit(EXIT_FAILURE);}} else {// Parent process}
}// 查找wps进程id
std::vector<int> find_wps_processes(){std::vector<int> wpsPids;DIR* dir{nullptr};struct dirent* ent;if((dir = opendir("/proc")) != nullptr){while((ent = readdir(dir)) != nullptr){if(isdigit(ent->d_name[0])){                std::string pidDir = "/proc/" + std::string(ent->d_name) + "/cmdline";                std::ifstream cmdlineFile(pidDir);std::string cmdline;std::getline(cmdlineFile, cmdline, '\0');std::cout << "pid info: " << pidDir << std::endl;std::cout << "cmdline: " << cmdline << std::endl;if(cmdline.find("wps") != std::string::npos || cmdline.find("wpp") != std::string::npos){wpsPids.push_back(std::stoi(ent->d_name));}}}closedir(dir);}else{perror("could not open /proc directory");}return wpsPids;
}std::string trim(const std::string& str) {size_t first = str.find_first_not_of(" \t\n\r\f\v"); // 查找第一个非空白字符的位置if (std::string::npos == first) {return ""; // 如果字符串全是空白字符，返回空字符串}size_t last = str.find_last_not_of(" \t\n\r\f\v"); // 查找最后一个非空白字符的位置return str.substr(first, (last - first + 1)); // 截取子串
}// 打印已打开的文件信息
void print_opened_files(std::string type, int pid){std::string fdDir = "/proc/" + std::to_string(pid) + "/fd";DIR* dir;struct dirent* ent;if((dir =opendir(fdDir.c_str())) != nullptr){while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != nullptr){if(ent->d_name[0] != '.'){std::string linkTarget = fdDir + "/" + ent->d_name;char filePath[PATH_MAX] = {0};ssize_t len = readlink(linkTarget.c_str(), filePath, sizeof(filePath) - 1);if(len != 1 && std::string(filePath).find(".~") == std::string::npos){if((type == "wps" && std::string(filePath).find(".docx") != std::string::npos) ||(type == "et" && std::string(filePath).find(".xlsx") != std::string::npos) ||(type == "wpspdf" && std::string(filePath).find(".pdf") != std::string::npos) || (type == "wpp" && std::string(filePath).find(".ppt") != std::string::npos)){size_t pos = std::string(filePath).find_last_of("/");std::string fileName = std::string(filePath).substr(pos+1);std::cout << "pid: " << pid << " " << fileName << std::endl;}}}}closedir(dir);}else{perror("could not open directory");}
}// 打印wps进程信息
void print_wps_print(){std::vector<int> wpsPids = find_wps_processes();for(int pid:wpsPids){std::cout << "wps process id:" << pid << std::endl;std::string statusPath = "/proc/" + std::to_string(pid) + "/status";std::ifstream statusFile(statusPath);std::string line;while(std::getline(statusFile, line)){int pos = line.find("Name");if(pos != std::string::npos){std::string name = trim(line.substr(pos+5));std::cout << pid << ": " << name << std::endl;print_opened_files(name, pid);break;}            }}
}int main(){open_wps();sleep(2);std::string wordFilePath = "/home/gaowb/Documents/开发记录.docx";std::string wordFilePath2 = "/home/gaowb/Documents/开发记录2.docx";std::string excelFilePath = "/home/gaowb/Documents/C++西安计划安排-2.xlsx";std::string pdfFilePath = "/home/gaowb/Documents/slackware中文手册.pdf";// Open Word documentopen_wps("wps", wordFilePath);open_wps("wps", wordFilePath2);sleep(2);// Open Excel spreadsheetopen_wps("et", excelFilePath);sleep(2);// Open PDF documentopen_wps("wpspdf", pdfFilePath);sleep(2);print_wps_print();return 0;
}

代码需要说明的有如下几点：

1、wps在slackware 中安装好后，可以打开word、pdf、execl、ppt，他们分别对应的可执行文件是wps、wpspdf、et、wpp。

2、打开多个相同类型的文件，比如word，一般只有一个进程，以及一个软件界面，用多个tab页来显示多个文件。

3、代码逻辑有些随意，主要是用于测试。