当前位置：首页 > news >正文

百度地图API获取数据

news 来源：原创 2024/5/5 4:47:36

目前，大厂的服务范围越来越广，提供的数据信息也是比较全的，在生活服务，办公领域，人工智能等方面都全面覆盖，相对来说，他们的用户基数大，通过用户获取的信息也是巨大的。除了百度提供api，国内提供免费API获取数据的还有很多，包括新浪、豆瓣电影、饿了么、阿里、腾讯等今天使用百度地图API来请求我们想要的数据。

第一步.注册百度开发者账号

注册成功后就可以获取到应用服务AK也就是API秘钥，这个是最重要的，应用名称可以随便取，如果是普通用户一天只有2000调用限额，认证用户一天有10万次调用限额

在百度地图web服务API文档中我可以看见提供的接口和相关参数，其中就有我们要获取的AK参数，使用的GET请求

一.下面我们尝试使用API获取获取北京市的城市公园数据，需要配置参数

import requests
import json

def getjson(loc):
    headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'} 
    pa = {
        'q': '公园', 
        'region': loc,
        'scope': '2',
        'page_size': 20,
        'page_num': 0, 
        'output': 'json',
        'ak': '填写自己的AK'
    }
    r = requests.get("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search", params=pa, headers= headers)
    decodejson = json.loads(r.text)
    return decodejson

getjson('北京市')

二.获取所有拥有公园的城市

import requests
import json
def getjson(loc):
    headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'} 
    pa = {
        'q': '公园', 
        'region': loc,
        'scope': '2',
        'page_size': 20,
        'page_num': 0, 
        'output': 'json',
        'ak': '填写自己的AK'
    }
    r = requests.get("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search", params=pa, headers= headers)
    decodejson = json.loads(r.text)
    return decodejson

province_list = ['江苏省', '浙江省', '广东省', '福建省', '山东省', '河南省', '河北省', '四川省', '辽宁省', '云南省', 
                 '湖南省', '湖北省', '江西省', '安徽省', '山西省', '广西壮族自治区', '陕西省', '黑龙江省', '内蒙古自治区', 
                 '贵州省', '吉林省', '甘肃省', '新疆维吾尔自治区', '海南省', '宁夏回族自治区', '青海省', '西藏自治区']
for eachprovince in province_list:
    decodejson = getjson(eachprovince)
    #print(decodejson["results"])
    for eachcity in decodejson.get('results'):
        print(eachcity)
        city = eachcity['name']
        #print(city)
        num = eachcity['num']        
        output = '\t'.join([city, str(num)]) + '\r\n'
        with open('cities.txt', "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(output)
            f.close()

import requests
import json
def getjson(loc):
    headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'} 
    pa = {
        'q': '公园', 
        'region': loc,
        'scope': '2',
        'page_size': 20,
        'page_num': 0, 
        'output': 'json',
        'ak': '填写自己的AK'
    }
    r = requests.get("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search", params=pa, headers= headers)
    decodejson = json.loads(r.text)
    return decodejson

decodejson = getjson('全国')
six_cities_list = ['北京市','上海市','重庆市','天津市','香港特别行政区','澳门特别行政区',]
for eachprovince in decodejson['results']:
    city = eachprovince['name']
    num = eachprovince['num']
    if city in six_cities_list:
        output = '\t'.join([city, str(num)]) + '\r\n'
        with open('cities789.txt', "a+", encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(output)
            f.close()

保存到文件

三.获取所有城市的公园数据，在从各个城市获取数据之前，先在MySQL建立baidumap数据库，用来存放所有的数据

#coding=utf-8
import pymysql

conn= pymysql.connect(host='localhost' , user='root', passwd='*******', db ='baidumap', charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()
sql = """CREATE TABLE city (
         id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
         city VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
         park VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
         location_lat FLOAT,
         location_lng FLOAT,
         address VARCHAR(200),
         street_id VARCHAR(200),
         uid VARCHAR(200),
         created_time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
         PRIMARY KEY (id)
         );"""
cur.execute(sql)
cur.close()
conn.commit()
conn.close()

city_list = list()
with open("cities.txt", 'r', encoding='utf-8') as txt_file:   
    for eachLine in txt_file:
        if eachLine != "" and eachLine != "\n":
            fields = eachLine.split("\t")
            city = fields[0]
            city_list.append(city)
    txt_file.close()   

#接下来爬取每个城市的数据，并将其加入city数据表中

import requests
import json
import pymysql

conn= pymysql.connect(host='localhost' , user='root', passwd='********', db ='baidumap', charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()

def getjson(loc,page_num):
    headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'} 
    pa = {
        'q': '公园', 
        'region': loc,
        'scope': '2',
        'page_size': 20,
        'page_num': page_num, 
        'output': 'json',
        'ak': '填写自己的AK'
    }
    r = requests.get("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search", params=pa, headers= headers)
    decodejson = json.loads(r.text)
    return decodejson

for eachcity in city_list:
    not_last_page = True
    page_num = 0
    while not_last_page:
        decodejson = getjson(eachcity, page_num)
        #print (eachcity, page_num)
        if decodejson['results']: 
            for eachone in decodejson['results']:
                try:
                    park = eachone['name']
                except:
                    park = None
                try:
                    location_lat = eachone['location']['lat']
                except:
                    location_lat = None
                try:
                    location_lng = eachone['location']['lng']
                except:
                    location_lng = None            
                try:
                    address = eachone['address']
                except:
                    address = None              
                try:
                    street_id = eachone['street_id']
                except:
                    street_id = None            
                try:
                    uid = eachone['uid']
                except:
                    uid = None
                sql = """INSERT INTO baidumap.city
                (city, park, location_lat, location_lng, address, street_id, uid)
                VALUES
                (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s);"""
    
                cur.execute(sql, (eachcity, park, location_lat, location_lng, address, street_id, uid,))
                conn.commit()
            page_num += 1
        else:        
            not_last_page = False  
cur.close()
conn.close()

四.获取所有公园的详细信息

baidumap数据库已经有了city这个表格，存储了所有城市的公园数据，但是这个数据比较粗糙，接下来我们使用百度地图检索服务获取没一个公园的详情

#coding=utf-8
import pymysql

conn= pymysql.connect(host='localhost' , user='root', passwd='*******', db ='baidumap', charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()
sql = """CREATE TABLE park (
         id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
         park VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
         location_lat FLOAT,
         location_lng FLOAT,
         address VARCHAR(200),
         street_id VARCHAR(200),
         telephone VARCHAR(200),
         detail INT,
         uid VARCHAR(200),
         tag VARCHAR(200),
         type VARCHAR(200),
         detail_url VARCHAR(800),
         price INT,
         overall_rating FLOAT,
         image_num INT,
         comment_num INT,
         shop_hours VARCHAR(800),
         alias VARCHAR(800),
         keyword VARCHAR(800),
         scope_type VARCHAR(200),
         scope_grade VARCHAR(200),
         description VARCHAR(9000),
         created_time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
         PRIMARY KEY (id)
         );"""
cur.execute(sql)
cur.close()
conn.commit()
conn.close()

import requests
import json
import pymysql

conn= pymysql.connect(host='localhost' , user='root', passwd='********', db ='baidumap', charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()
sql = "Select uid from baidumap.city where id > 0;"

cur.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
results = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
conn.close()

import requests
import json
import pymysql

conn= pymysql.connect(host='localhost' , user='root', passwd='********', db ='baidumap', charset="utf8")
cur = conn.cursor()
sql = "Select uid from baidumap.city where id > 0;"

cur.execute(sql)
conn.commit()
results = cur.fetchall()
#print(results)

def getjson(uid):
    headers = {'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'} 
    pa = {
        'uid': uid, 
        'scope': '2',
        'output': 'json',
        'ak': '填写自己的AK'
    }
    r = requests.get("http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search", params=pa, headers= headers)
    decodejson = json.loads(r.text)
    return decodejson

for row in results:
    print(row)
    uid = row[0]
    decodejson = getjson(uid)
    #print (uid)
    info = decodejson['result']
    try:
        park = info['name']
    except:
        park = None
    try:
        location_lat = info['location']['lat']
    except:
        location_lat = None
    try:
        location_lng = info['location']['lng']
    except:
        location_lng = None            
    try:
        address = info['address']
    except:
        address = None              
    try:
        street_id = info['street_id']
    except:
        street_id = None
    try:
        telephone = info['telephone']
    except:
        telephone = None
    try:
        detail = info['detail']
    except:
        detail = None 
    try:
        tag = info['detail_info']['tag']
    except:
        tag = None            
    try:
        detail_url = info['detail_info']['detail_url']
    except:
        detail_url = None
    try:
        type = info['detail_info']['type']
    except:
        type = None            
    try:
        overall_rating = info['detail_info']['overall_rating']
    except:
        overall_rating = None
    try:
        image_num = info['detail_info']['image_num']
    except:
        image_num = None
    try:
        comment_num = info['detail_info']['comment_num']
    except:
        comment_num = None
    try:
        key_words = ''
        key_words_list = info['detail_info']['di_review_keyword']
        for eachone in key_words_list:
            key_words = key_words + eachone['keyword'] + '/'
    except:
        key_words = None
    try:
        shop_hours = info['detail_info']['shop_hours']
    except:
        shop_hours = None            
    try:
        alias = info['detail_info']['alias']
    except:
        alias = None
    try:
        scope_type = info['detail_info']['scope_type']
    except:
        scope_type = None            
    try:
        scope_grade = info['detail_info']['scope_grade']
    except:
        scope_grade = None
    try:
        description = info['detail_info']['description']
    except:
        description = None
    sql = """INSERT INTO baidumap.park
    (park, location_lat, location_lng, address, street_id, uid, telephone, detail, tag, detail_url, type, overall_rating, image_num, 
    comment_num, keyword, shop_hours, alias, scope_type, scope_grade, description)
    VALUES
    (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s);"""

    cur.execute(sql, (park, location_lat, location_lng, address, street_id, uid, telephone, detail, tag, detail_url, 
                      type, overall_rating, image_num, comment_num, key_words, shop_hours, alias, scope_type, scope_grade, description,))
    conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()