dd

备份mbr 

 dd if=/dev/sda of=/backup/mbr.img bs=512 count=1

 还原mbr 

 dd if=/backup/mbr.img of=/dev/sda bs=446 count=1

还原分区表,跳过主引导记录 

 dd if=/backup/mbr.img of=/dev/sda bs=1 count=64 skip=446 seek=446

 GNU/TAR

备份 

 tar -cpzvf backup.tar.gz /media/usb/*

 


  
  1. tar -cvpzf /backup/backuptest.tgz --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys --exclude=/media / 
 
  
 还原 
 
  
 
 
  

  
  1. tar -xvpzf /backup/backuptest.tgz -C / 
 
  
 
  
cpio 
 
  
 
  
dump/restore 
 
  
 
  
xfsdump/xfsrestore 
 
  
 
  
备份 
 
  
 sudo xfsdump - /boot > backup.file

 
  
 
  
 还原 
 
  
 sudo cat backup.file | xfsrestore - /boot