需求说明: 线上某些业务系统的日志不定期产生, 有的每天产生, 有的好几天才产生, 因为系统只有在用的时候才产生日志,日志文件均存放在以当天日期命名的目录下. 当日志目录越来越多时就需要处理, 由此开发同事提出来一个需求, 需要一个自定义删除或保留这些日志目录的脚本, 如下:
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls 2018-09-13 2018-09-20 2018-10-11 2018-10-28 2018-11-02 2018-11-14 2018-12-04 2018-12-09 2018-09-14 2018-09-27 2018-10-24 2018-10-29 2018-11-06 2018-11-15 2018-12-05 2018-12-10 2018-09-15 2018-09-29 2018-10-25 2018-10-30 2018-11-07 2018-11-30 2018-12-06 2018-12-11 2018-09-17 2018-09-30 2018-10-26 2018-10-31 2018-11-08 2018-12-02 2018-12-07 2018-12-12 2018-09-19 2018-10-08 2018-10-27 2018-11-01 2018-11-09 2018-12-03 2018-12-08 pay-sign-oper.log [root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls 2018-09-13/ pay-sign-oper.2018-09-13.log [root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls 2018-12-12/ pay-sign-oper.2018-12-12.log 比如现在开发同事想要删除2018年11月08号之前的日志, 现在就需要一个智能脚本, 用来一键实现这个需求.
脚本内容如下:
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# cat date_log_delete.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo -n "请输入日期, 截止到该日期之前的日志目录接下来将要被删除:"
read date1
date2=$(echo ${date1}|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}')
cd `pwd`
for date3 in $(ls -l|grep "drwxr"|awk '{print $9}'|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}')
do
a=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 1-4)
b=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 5-6)
c=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 7-8)
date4=$(echo ${a}-${b}-${c})
if [ ${date3} -lt ${date2} ];then
rm -rf ${date4} && echo "deleted ${date4}"
else
echo "${date4} do not need to delete"
fi
done
授予脚本执行权限
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# chmod 755 date_log_delete.sh
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ll date_log_delete.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 557 Dec 13 14:50 date_log_delete.sh
比如现在想要删除2018年9月27号之前的日志, 则脚本执行后, 按照提示输入:2018-09-27 即可实现:
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# sh date_log_delete.sh 请输入日期, 截止到该日期之前的日志目录接下来将要被删除:2018-09-27 deleted 2018-09-13 deleted 2018-09-14 deleted 2018-09-15 deleted 2018-09-17 deleted 2018-09-19 deleted 2018-09-20 2018-09-27 do not need to delete 2018-09-29 do not need to delete 2018-09-30 do not need to delete 2018-10-08 do not need to delete 2018-10-11 do not need to delete 2018-10-24 do not need to delete 2018-10-25 do not need to delete 2018-10-26 do not need to delete 2018-10-27 do not need to delete 2018-10-28 do not need to delete 2018-10-29 do not need to delete 2018-10-30 do not need to delete 2018-10-31 do not need to delete 2018-11-01 do not need to delete 2018-11-02 do not need to delete 2018-11-06 do not need to delete 2018-11-07 do not need to delete 2018-11-08 do not need to delete 2018-11-09 do not need to delete 2018-11-14 do not need to delete 2018-11-15 do not need to delete 2018-11-30 do not need to delete 2018-12-02 do not need to delete 2018-12-03 do not need to delete 2018-12-04 do not need to delete 2018-12-05 do not need to delete 2018-12-06 do not need to delete 2018-12-07 do not need to delete 2018-12-08 do not need to delete 2018-12-09 do not need to delete 2018-12-10 do not need to delete 2018-12-11 do not need to delete 2018-12-12 do not need to delete 脚本执行看, 查看, 发现2018年9月27号之前的日志和日志目录都被删除了. [root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls 2018-09-27 2018-10-11 2018-10-27 2018-10-31 2018-11-07 2018-11-15 2018-12-04 2018-12-08 2018-12-12 2018-09-29 2018-10-24 2018-10-28 2018-11-01 2018-11-08 2018-11-30 2018-12-05 2018-12-09 date_log_delete.sh 2018-09-30 2018-10-25 2018-10-29 2018-11-02 2018-11-09 2018-12-02 2018-12-06 2018-12-10 pay-sign-oper.log 2018-10-08 2018-10-26 2018-10-30 2018-11-06 2018-11-14 2018-12-03 2018-12-07 2018-12-11
以上脚本看起来非常好用, 非常智能! 此脚本可以在任何这样的日志场景下使用. 下面针对脚本中涉及到的一些shell小脚本进行拆分说明:
1)
echo -n "请输入日期, 截止到该日期之前的日志目录接下来将要被删除:"
read date1
上面两行脚本内容用到了shell脚本中的read参数.
read参数表示接收标准输入（键盘）的输入，或其他文件描述符的输入。
得到输入内容后，read参数将该内容传递到一个标准变量中。
也就是脚本执行后提示输入的日期, 并将该日期传给${date1}变量
2)
date2=$(echo ${date1}|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}')
这一行脚本内容是将输入的日期的格式转变成数字格式, 并传给变量${date2}, 是为了和后面的变量${date3}做if语句中的大小判断之用.
比如: 脚本执行后提示输入的内容是2018-09-27, 这个也就是变量${date1}的数值. 则变量${date}的值就是20180927.
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# echo 2018-09-27|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}'
20180927
3)
cd `pwd`
这一行脚本内容表示切换到当前目录路径下 (其实可以不写这一行, 因为脚本文件就在当前目录下)
4)
for date3 in $(ls -l|grep "drwxr"|awk '{print $9}'|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}')
这一行脚本内容表示在当前目录下取日期目录, 并将该日期目录的格式转变成数字形式, 并传给变量${date3}, 是为了和${date2}做if语句中的大小判断之用. 如下:
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls -l
total 136
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:56 2018-09-27
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:56 2018-09-29
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:55 2018-09-30
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:55 2018-10-08
...........
...........
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 12:40 2018-12-10
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 12:40 2018-12-11
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 13 12:40 2018-12-12
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 557 Dec 13 14:50 date_log_delete.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Dec 13 12:40 pay-sign-oper.log
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls -l|grep "drwxr"|awk '{print $9}'
2018-09-27
2018-09-29
2018-09-30
2018-10-08
...........
...........
2018-12-10
2018-12-11
2018-12-12
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# ls -l|grep "drwxr"|awk '{print $9}'|awk -F"-" '{print $1$2$3}'
20180927
20180929
20180930
20181008
...........
...........
20181210
20181211
20181212
5)
a=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 1-4)
b=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 5-6)
c=$(echo ${date3}|cut -c 7-8)
这三行脚本内容表示提取一个数字字符串中的某几位. a , b, c 三个变量分别表示取变量${date3}数字中的第1-4位, 第5-6位, 第7-8位.
比如变量${date3}的数值是20180927, 则:
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# echo 20180927|cut -c 1-4
2018
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# echo 20180927|cut -c 5-6
09
[root@localhost pay-sign-oper]# echo 20180927|cut -c 7-8
27
6) date4=$(echo ${a}-${b}-${c})
这一行脚本内容表示将变量${date3}的数值拆分后再组成日期格式. 为了后面做if语句中的判断结果后的日期目录删除操作.
7)
if [ ${date3} -lt ${date2} ];then
rm -rf ${date4} && echo "deleted ${date4}"
else
echo "${date4} do not need to delete"
fi
上面的脚本内容表示if语句中判断,:
当变量${date3}数值小于变量${date2}的数值时, 就删除变量${date4}的日期目录,并打印删除信息.
当变量${date3}数值大于等于变量${date2}的数值时, 就打印不要删除的信息.