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Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践(转)

news 来源：原创 2024/5/9 11:48:34

项目结构图

snap0596

数据库环境

  • 数据库：MySQL
  • 版本：5.x
  • 数据库名：jpa-demo
  • 用户名密码：root/1234

代码清单 1：数据库脚本：

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/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
 
Source Server : localhost
Source Server Version : 50525
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : jpa-demo
 
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50525
File Encoding : 65001
 
Date: 2014-11-20 20:09:27
*/
 
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS= 0 ;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `address`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;
CREATE TABLE `address` (
`addressID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL,
`city` varchar( 55 ) NOT NULL,
`street` varchar( 55 ) NOT NULL,
`zip` varchar( 8 ) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`addressID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of address
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '1' , '深圳' , '坂田市场' , '518001' );
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '2' , '深圳' , '坂田路口' , '518002' );
INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '3' , '深圳' , '四季花城' , '518003' );
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `userinfo`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `userinfo`;
CREATE TABLE `userinfo` (
`userID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar( 20 ) NOT NULL,
`birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` varchar( 8 ) NOT NULL,
`addressID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`userID`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of userinfo
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '1' , '张金雄' , null , 'male' , '1' );
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '2' , '李某某' , null , 'male' , '2' );
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '3' , '王某某' , '2006-08-10 00:00:00' , 'female' , '3' );
INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '4' , '陈某某' , '2006-08-12 00:00:00' , 'male' , '3' );

源代码

代码清单 2：pom.xml

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<project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd" >
<modelVersion> 4.0 . 0 </modelVersion>
<groupId>com.coderdream</groupId>
<artifactId>jpa-demo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version> 0.0 . 1 -SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>jpa-demo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http: //maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF- 8 </project.build.sourceEncoding>
<junit.version> 4.11 </junit.version>
<mysql.version> 5.1 . 17 </mysql.version>
<slf.version> 1.7 . 5 </slf.version>
<toplink.essentials.version> 2.1 -60f</toplink.essentials.version>
</properties>
 
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
<artifactId>toplink-essentials</artifactId>
<version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId>
<artifactId>toplink-essentials-agent</artifactId>
<version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf.version}</version>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>jpa-demo</finalName>
</build>
</project>

代码清单 3：persistence.xml

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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?>
<persistence xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version= "1.0" >
 
<persistence-unit name= "piscesPU" transaction-type= "RESOURCE_LOCAL" >
<provider>
oracle.toplink.essentials.PersistenceProvider
</provider>
< class >com.coderdream.model.UserInfo</ class >
< class >com.coderdream.model.Address</ class >
<properties>
<!-- 数据库连接配置, JDBC驱动 -->
<property name= "toplink.jdbc.driver" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置,URL -->
<property name= "toplink.jdbc.url" value= "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa-demo" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置, 用户名 -->
<property name= "toplink.jdbc.user" value= "root" />
<!-- 数据库连接配置, 密码 -->
<property name= "toplink.jdbc.password" value= "1234" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
 
</persistence>

代码清单 4：Address.java

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package com.coderdream.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
 
@Entity
public class Address implements Serializable {
// 地址id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
@Id
@Column (name = "addressid" , unique = true , nullable = false )
private int addressid;
 
// 城市, 不能为空
@Column (name = "city" , nullable = false )
private String city;
 
// 街道, 不能为空
@Column (name = "street" , nullable = false )
private String street;
 
// 邮政编码, 不能为空
@Column (name = "zip" , nullable = false )
private String zip;
 
public Address() {
}
 
public Address( int addressid) {
this .setAddressid(addressid);
}
 
public int getAddressid() {
return this .addressid;
}
 
public void setAddressid( int addressid) {
this .addressid = addressid;
}
 
public String getCity() {
return this .city;
}
 
public void setCity(String city) {
this .city = city;
}
 
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
 
public void setStreet(String street) {
this .street = street;
}
 
public String getZip() {
return this .zip;
}
 
public void setZip(String zip) {
this .zip = zip;
}
 
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this .addressid;
}
 
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
if (!(object instanceof Address))
return false ;
final Address other = (Address) object;
return this .addressid == other.addressid;
}
 
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address[addressid=" + getAddressid() + ", city='" + getCity() + "', street='" + getStreet() + "', zip='" + getZip() + "" ;
}
}

代码清单 5：UserInfo.java

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package com.coderdream.model;
 
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import static javax.persistence.CascadeType.*;
 
@Entity
public class UserInfo implements Serializable {
// 用户id, 不能为空, 必须唯一
@Id
@Column (name = "userid" , unique = true , nullable = false )
private int userid;
 
// 用户名, 不能为空
@Column (name = "userName" , nullable = false )
private String userName;
 
// 性别, 不能为空
@Column (name = "sex" , nullable = false )
private String sex;
 
// 出生日期, 可以为空
@Column (name = "birthday" )
private Timestamp birthday;
 
// 地址, 不能为空
// PERSIST 表示更新、新增UserInfo数据时会同时更新、新增Address的数据
// REMOVE 表示从数据库删除UserInfo会同时删除Address表中对应的数据
@OneToOne (cascade = { PERSIST, REMOVE })
@JoinColumn (name = "addressID" , nullable = false )
private Address address;
 
public UserInfo() {
}
 
public UserInfo( int userid) {
this .setUserid(userid);
}
 
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this .getUserid();
}
 
@Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
if (!(object instanceof UserInfo))
return false ;
final UserInfo other = (UserInfo) object;
return this .userid == other.userid;
}
 
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo[userid=" + this .userid + ", userName='" + userName + "', sex='" + sex + "', birthday=" + birthday + ", address="
+ address + "" ;
}
 
public int getUserid() {
return userid;
}
 
public void setUserid( int userid) {
this .userid = userid;
}
 
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
 
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this .userName = userName;
}
 
public Timestamp getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
 
public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) {
this .birthday = birthday;
}
 
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
 
public void setSex(String sex) {
this .sex = sex;
}
 
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
 
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this .address = address;
}
}

代码清单 6：SimpleService.java

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package com.coderdream.service;
 
import java.util.List;
 
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
 
import com.coderdream.model.Address;
import com.coderdream.model.UserInfo;
 
public class SimpleService {
 
/**
* 删除用户id=6的数据
*/
public static void delete() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" );
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo. class , 6 );
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
em.remove(info);
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 修改用户id=6的数据
*/
public static void update() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" );
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常
UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo. class , 6 );
info.setUserName( "哈哈" );
info.getAddress().setStreet( "坂田2" );
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
// 自动将info更新到数据库
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 查询所有用户数据
*/
public static void query() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" );
long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 数据库连接失败这里会抛出异常
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
long e = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println( "连接数据库耗时: " + (e - s) + "毫秒" );
// 获取数据
@SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" )
List<UserInfo> list = em.createQuery( "SELECT a FROM UserInfo a" ).getResultList();
int i = 0 ;
for (UserInfo info : list) {
System.out.println( "第" + (++i) + "个值为: " + info);
}
em.close();
}
 
/**
* 创建用户id=6的一条数据, 地址id=6
*/
public static void create() {
final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" );
final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
 
UserInfo info = new UserInfo( 6 );
info.setSex( "male" );
info.setUserName( "张某某" );
info.setBirthday( new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));
Address naddr = new Address( 6 );
naddr.setCity( "深圳" );
naddr.setStreet( "坂田" );
naddr.setZip( "518000" );
info.setAddress(naddr);
 
try {
em.getTransaction().begin();
em.persist(info);
em.getTransaction().commit();
} finally {
em.close();
}
}
 
/**
* 主函数
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.create();
System.out.println( "新增一条数据后进行查询" );
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.update();
System.out.println( "修改一条数据后进行查询" );
SimpleService.query();
SimpleService.delete();
System.out.println( "删除一条数据后进行查询" );
SimpleService.query();
}
}

运行结果

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[TopLink Info]: 2014.11 . 20 08 : 24 : 08.134 --ServerSession( 1112823384 )--TopLink, version: Oracle TopLink Essentials - 2.1 (Build 60f ( 01 / 07 / 2009 ))
[TopLink Info]: 2014.11 . 20 08 : 24 : 08.822 --ServerSession( 1112823384 )--file:/E:/E_441_64/workspace/jpa-demo/target/classes/-piscesPU login successful
连接数据库耗时: 1264 毫秒
第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001
第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002
第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
新增一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒
第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001
第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002
第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 5 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 6 , userName= '张某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2014 - 11 - 20 20 : 24 : 09.102 , address=Address[addressid= 6 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田' , zip=' 518000
修改一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒
第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001
第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002
第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 5 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 6 , userName= '哈哈' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2014 - 11 - 20 20 : 24 : 09.102 , address=Address[addressid= 6 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田2' , zip=' 518000
删除一条数据后进行查询
连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒
第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001
第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002
第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003
第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003

完整工程源代码

下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/xuxiheng/8181849

参考文档

  1. 在Java SE环境下使用JPA1.0(1)

  2. Toplink JPA简介

http://www.cnblogs.com/ctoroad/p/4111447.html

 

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