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Redhat Linux 安全设置脚本

news 来源：原创 2024/5/10 23:55:38

新建Redhat Linux系统在投产前需要做一些初始化设置，包括主机名称、新建用户、sudo配置、访问控制、口令策略、关键目录权限控制等等。用脚本实现比较节省时间，同时也能记录设置的内容。工作环境中使用的Redhat Linux 版本是 Redhat5.8和 Redhat6.4 ，多少有点儿区别，修改一下也可以应用到其他版本。

Redhat Linux 安全设置脚本

1.init-config-redhat-v5.8.sh 针对 Redhat 5.8 版本

#/bin/bash
#1.修改主机名(执行前修改如下行xxxxx为所要修改的主机名！)
sed -i 's/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=xxxxx/' /etc/sysconfig/network
hostname xxxxx

#2.配置hosts文件（此处变量需要第一个脚本设置生效，取值，否则取不到变量值！）
IP=$(ifconfig eth0 | grep 'inet addr:' |awk -F ":" '{print $2}' |awk '{print $1}')
sed -i '1i'$IP'' /etc/hosts
sed -i '/^'$IP'.*$/s//& '$HOSTNAME'/g' /etc/hosts
sed -i '3{s/^/#/}' /etc/hosts

#3.添加管理员账户
echo ===添加osmaster账户===
#!/bin/bash
name=osmaster
useradd $name
echo P@ssw0rd | passwd --stdin $name

#4.配置sudo
echo ===sudo配置===
chmod u+w /etc/sudoers
sed -i '/root\tALL=(ALL)/ a\osmaster    ALL=(ALL)       ALL' /etc/sudoers
chmod u-w /etc/sudoers

#5.添加staff组,将osmaster添加到staff组
groupadd -g 200 staff
usermod -G staff osmaster

#6.编辑无响应注销
sed -i '$ a\export TMOUT=600' /etc/profile

#7.编辑history时间戳；
sed -i '$ a\export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T"' /etc/bashrc

#8.编辑同步时间(设置自己内网的NTP服务器)
service ntpd stop
sed -i "s/server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i "s/server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i "s/server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i '/server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/ a server 10.10.10.10' /etc/ntp.conf
ntpdate -s 10.10.10.10
hwclock -w
chkconfig ntpd on
service ntpd start
#echo "* 23 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate -s 10.10.10.10;/sbin/hwclock -w" >> /var/spool/cron/root
date


#9.编辑访问控制
sed -i '$ a\umask 027' /etc/bashrc

#10.编辑登录失败用户锁定策略
sed -i '$ a\auth required  pam_tally2.so onerr=fail deny=10  unlock_time=180  root_unlock_time=1' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

#11.编辑口令策略
#sed -i -e '/password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 type=/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
#sed -i -e '/pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 type=/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
sed -i -e '/password    requisite/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
sed -i '/password    requisite/ a password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=0 minlen=8 retry=3' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

#12.编辑口令规则
sed -i 's/PASS_MAX_DAYS\t99999/PASS_MAX_DAYS\t90/' /etc/login.defs
sed -i 's/PASS_MIN_DAYS\t0/PASS_MIN_DAYS\t2/' /etc/login.defs


#13.编辑root用户远程登录：
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#14.关闭不需要的服务
service sendmail stop
chkconfig sendmail off
service bluetooth stop
chkconfig bluetooth off

#15.编辑SSH登录
sed -i 's/#IgnoreRhosts yes/IgnoreRhosts yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#RhostsRSAAuthentication no/RhostsRSAAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#HostbasedAuthentication no/HostbasedAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/RhostsRSAAuthentication no/ a RhostsAuthentication no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#PermitEmptyPasswords no/PermitEmptyPasswords no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/#Banner \/some\/path/ a Banner \/etc\/motd' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#16.配置关键目录权限控制
chmod 644 /etc/passwd
chmod 600 /etc/shadow
chmod 644 /etc/group

#17.关闭ctrl+alt+del
sed -i -e '/ca::ctrlaltdel:\/sbin\/shutdown -t3 -r now/ s/^/#/' /etc/inittab

#18.关闭防火墙
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

echo 配置完成！

2.init-config-redhat-v6.4.sh 针对 Redhat 6.4 版本

#/bin/bash
#1.修改主机名(执行前修改如下行xxxxx为所要修改的主机名！)
sed -i 's/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=xxxxx/' /etc/sysconfig/network
hostname xxxxx

#2.配置hosts文件（此处变量需要第一个脚本设置生效，取值，否则取不到变量值！）
IP=$(ifconfig eth0 | grep 'inet addr:' |awk -F ":" '{print $2}' |awk '{print $1}')
sed -i '1i'$IP'' /etc/hosts
sed -i '/^'$IP'.*$/s//& '$HOSTNAME'/g' /etc/hosts
sed -i '3{s/^/#/}' /etc/hosts

#3.添加管理员账户
echo ===添加osmaster账户===
#!/bin/bash
name=osmaster
useradd $name
echo P@ssw0rd | passwd --stdin $name

#4.配置sudo
echo ===sudo配置===
chmod u+w /etc/sudoers
sed -i '/root\tALL=(ALL)/ a\osmaster    ALL=(ALL)       ALL' /etc/sudoers
chmod u-w /etc/sudoers

#5.添加staff组,将osmaster添加到staff组
groupadd -g 200 staff
usermod -G staff osmaster

#6.编辑selinux(重启生效)
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux

#7.关闭防火墙
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

#8.编辑无响应注销
sed -i '$ a\export TMOUT=600' /etc/profile

#9.编辑history时间戳；
sed -i '$ a\export HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T"' /etc/bashrc

#10.编辑同步时间（注意修改所在区域的ntpserver服务地址！）
service ntpd stop
sed -i "s/server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i "s/server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i "s/server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/#server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/" /etc/ntp.conf
sed -i '/server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org/ a server 10.10.10.10' /etc/ntp.conf
ntpdate -s 10.10.10.10
hwclock -w
chkconfig ntpd on
service ntpd start
#echo "* 23 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate -s 10.10.10.10;/sbin/hwclock -w" >> /var/spool/cron/root

#11.编辑访问控制
sed -i '$ a\umask 027' /etc/bashrc

#12.编辑登录失败用户锁定策略
sed -i '$ a\auth required  pam_tally2.so onerr=fail deny=10  unlock_time=180  root_unlock_time=1' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

#13.编辑口令策略
#sed -i -e '/password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 type=/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
#sed -i -e '/pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 type=/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
sed -i -e '/password    requisite/ s/^/#/' /etc/pam.d/system-auth
sed -i '/password    requisite/ a password    requisite     pam_cracklib.so dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=0 minlen=8 retry=3' /etc/pam.d/system-auth

#14.编辑口令规则
sed -i 's/PASS_MAX_DAYS\t99999/PASS_MAX_DAYS\t90/' /etc/login.defs
sed -i 's/PASS_MIN_DAYS\t0/PASS_MIN_DAYS\t2/' /etc/login.defs

#15.编辑root用户远程登录：
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#16.编辑SSH登录
sed -i 's/#IgnoreRhosts yes/IgnoreRhosts yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#PermitEmptyPasswords no/PermitEmptyPasswords no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#RhostsRSAAuthentication no/RhostsRSAAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/RhostsRSAAuthentication no/ a HostbasedAuthentication no' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i 's/#PermitEmptyPasswords no/PermitEmptyPasswords no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sed -i '/#Banner none/ a Banner \/etc\/motd' /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#17.配置关键目录权限控制
chmod 644 /etc/passwd
chmod 600 /etc/shadow
chmod 644 /etc/group

#18.关闭ctrl+alt+del
sed -i -e '/start on control-alt-delete/ s/^/#/'  /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf
sed -i -e '/exec \/sbin\/shutdown -r now "Control-Alt-Delete pressed"/ s/^/#/' /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf

echo ======配置完成！=====