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Java---Java Web---JSP

news 来源：原创 2024/4/28 7:47:52

JSP

概念:Java Server Pages，Java服务端页面
一种动态的网页技术，其中既可以定义HTML、JS、CSS等静态内容，还可以定义Java代码的动态内容
JSP=HTML +Java
JSP的作用：简化开发，避免了在Servlet中直接输出HTML标签

JSP快速入门

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<%@ page import="com.itheima.pojo.Brand" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.ArrayList" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.List" %>

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language= "java" %>
<%
    List<Brand> brands = new ArrayList<Brand>();
    brands.add(new Brand(1,"三只松鼠","三只松鼠",100,"三只松鼠，好吃不上火",1));
    brands.add(new Brand(2,"优衣库","优衣库",200,"优衣库，服适人生",0));
    brands.add(new Brand(3,"小米","小米科技有限公司",1000,"为发烧而生",1));
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="新增"><br>
<hr>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="800">
    <tr>
        <th>序号</th>
        <th>品牌名称</th>
        <th>企业名称</th>
        <th>排序</th>
        <th>品牌介绍</th>
        <th>状态</th>
        <th>操作</th>

    </tr>


    <%
        for (int i = 0;i<brands.size();i++){
            Brand brand = brands.get(i);
    %>

    <tr align="center">
        <td><%=brand.getId()%></td>
        <td><%=brand.getBrandName()%></td>
        <td><%=brand.getCompanyName()%></td>
        <td><%=brand.getOrdered()%></td>
        <td><%=brand.getDescription()%></td>
        <td><%=brand.getStatus()==1?"启用":"禁用"%></td>
        <td><a href="#">修改</a> <a href="#">删除</a></td>
    </tr>


    <%
        }
    %>

</table>

</body>
</html>

package com.itheima.pojo;

/**
 * 品牌实体类
 */

public class Brand {
    // id 主键
    private Integer id;
    // 品牌名称
    private String brandName;
    // 企业名称
    private String companyName;
    // 排序字段
    private Integer ordered;
    // 描述信息
    private String description;
    // 状态：0：禁用  1：启用
    private Integer status;


    public Brand() {
    }

    public Brand(Integer id, String brandName, String companyName, String description) {
        this.id = id;
        this.brandName = brandName;
        this.companyName = companyName;
        this.description = description;
    }

    public Brand(Integer id, String brandName, String companyName, Integer ordered, String description, Integer status) {
        this.id = id;
        this.brandName = brandName;
        this.companyName = companyName;
        this.ordered = ordered;
        this.description = description;
        this.status = status;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getBrandName() {
        return brandName;
    }

    public void setBrandName(String brandName) {
        this.brandName = brandName;
    }

    public String getCompanyName() {
        return companyName;
    }

    public void setCompanyName(String companyName) {
        this.companyName = companyName;
    }

    public Integer getOrdered() {
        return ordered;
    }

    public void setOrdered(Integer ordered) {
        this.ordered = ordered;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    public Integer getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(Integer status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Brand{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", brandName='" + brandName + '\'' +
                ", companyName='" + companyName + '\'' +
                ", ordered=" + ordered +
                ", description='" + description + '\'' +
                ", status=" + status +
                '}';
    }
}

JSP原理

JSP本质上就是一个Servlet
JSP 在被访问时，由JSP容器(Tomcat)将其转换为Java文件(Servlet)，在由JSP容器(Tomcat)将其编译，最终对外提供服务的其实就是这个字节码文件

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JSP脚本

JSP脚本用于在JSP页面内定义Java代码
JSP脚本分类:

1.<%…%>:内容会直接放到jspService()方法之中

2.<%=…%>:内容会放到out.print()中，作为out.print()的参数

3.<%!..%>:内容会放到jspService()方法之外，被类直接包含
JSP缺点

由于JSP页面内，既可以定义HTML 标签，又可以定义Java代码，造成了以下问题:

1.书写麻烦:特别是复杂的页面

2.阅读麻烦

3.复杂度高:运行需要依赖于各种环境，JRE, JSP容器，JavaEE…

4.占内存和磁盘:JSP会自动生成java和.class文件占磁盘，运行的是.class文件占内存

5.调试困难:出错后，需要找到自动生成的java文件进行调试

6.不利于团队协作:前端人员不会Java，后端人员不精HTML

7.。。。

EL表达式

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${brands}
</body>
</html>

@WebServlet("/demo1")
public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        List<Brand> brands = new ArrayList<Brand>();
        brands.add(new Brand(1, "三只松鼠", "三只松鼠", 100, "三只松鼠，好吃不上火", 1));
        brands.add(new Brand(2, "优衣库", "优衣库", 200, "优衣库，服适人生", 0));
        brands.add(new Brand(3, "小米", "小米科技有限公司", 1000, "为发烧而生", 1));

        request.setAttribute("brands", brands);

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/el-demo.jsp").forward(request, response);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

JSTL标签

JSP标准标签库(Jsp Standarded Tag Library)，使用标签取代JSP页面上的Java代码

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<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@page isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:if test="${status==1}">
    <h1>启用</h1>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${status==0}">
    <h1>禁用</h1>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>

@WebServlet("/demo1")
public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        List<Brand> brands = new ArrayList<Brand>();
        brands.add(new Brand(1, "三只松鼠", "三只松鼠", 100, "三只松鼠，好吃不上火", 1));
        brands.add(new Brand(2, "优衣库", "优衣库", 200, "优衣库，服适人生", 0));
        brands.add(new Brand(3, "小米", "小米科技有限公司", 1000, "为发烧而生", 1));

        request.setAttribute("brands", brands);
        request.setAttribute("status", 1);

//        request.getRequestDispatcher("/el-demo.jsp").forward(request, response);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/jstl-if.jsp").forward(request, response);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}