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C++数据格式化5 - uint转换成十六进制字符串二进制的data打印成十六进制字符串

news 来源：原创 2024/9/29 2:12:26

1. 关键词
2. strfmt.h
3. strfmt.cpp
4. 测试代码
5. 运行结果
6. 源码地址

1. 关键词

关键字：

C++ 数据格式化字符串处理 std::string int hex 跨平台

应用场景：

int 型的数据打印成十六进制字符串
二进制的data打印成十六进制字符串。

2. strfmt.h

#pragma once#include <string>
#include <cstdint>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>namespace cutl
{/*** @brief Format data to a hex string.** @param data the data to be formatted.* @param len the length of the data.* @param upper whether to use upper case or lower case for hex characters, default is upper case.* @param separator the separator between each pair of hex characters, default is space.* @return std::string the formatted string.*/std::string to_hex(const uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool upper = true, char separator = ' ');/*** @brief Format a uint8_t value to a hex string.** @param value the value to be formatted.* @param upper whether to use upper case or lower case for hex characters, default is upper case.* @param prefix the prefix of the formatted string, default is empty.* @return std::string the formatted string.*/std::string to_hex(uint8_t value, bool upper = true, const std::string &prefix = "");/*** @brief Format a uint16_t value to a hex string.** @param value the value to be formatted.* @param upper whether to use upper case or lower case for hex characters, default is upper case.* @param prefix the prefix of the formatted string, default is empty.* @return std::string the formatted string.*/std::string to_hex(uint16_t value, bool upper = true, const std::string &prefix = "");/*** @brief Format a uint32_t value to a hex string.** @param value the value to be formatted.* @param upper whether to use upper case or lower case for hex characters, default is upper case.* @param prefix the prefix of the formatted string, default is empty.* @return std::string the formatted string.*/std::string to_hex(uint32_t value, bool upper = true, const std::string &prefix = "");/*** @brief Format a uint64_t value to a hex string.** @param value the value to be formatted.* @param upper whether to use upper case or lower case for hex characters, default is upper case.* @param prefix the prefix of the formatted string, default is empty.* @return std::string the formatted string.*/std::string to_hex(uint64_t value, bool upper = true, const std::string &prefix = "");
} // namespace cutl

3. strfmt.cpp

#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <bitset>
#include "strfmt.h"namespace cutl
{static const char HEX_CHARS_UPPER[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";static const char HEX_CHARS_LOWER[] = "0123456789abcdef";std::string to_hex(const uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool upper, char separator){const char *hex_chars = upper ? HEX_CHARS_UPPER : HEX_CHARS_LOWER;std::string output;output.reserve(3 * len);for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++){const char temp = data[i];output.push_back(hex_chars[temp / 16]);output.push_back(hex_chars[temp % 16]);output.push_back(separator);}return output;}std::string to_hex(uint8_t value, bool upper, const std::string &prefix){const char *hex_chars = upper ? HEX_CHARS_UPPER : HEX_CHARS_LOWER;std::string text = prefix;int c1 = value / 16;int c2 = value % 16;text.push_back(hex_chars[c1]);text.push_back(hex_chars[c2]);return text;}std::string to_hex(uint16_t value, bool upper, const std::string &prefix){std::string text = prefix;text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)(value & 0xFF), upper);return text;}std::string to_hex(uint32_t value, bool upper, const std::string &prefix){std::string text = prefix;text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 24) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 16) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)(value & 0xFF), upper);return text;}std::string to_hex(uint64_t value, bool upper, const std::string &prefix){std::string text = prefix;text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 56) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 48) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 40) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 32) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 24) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 16) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)((value >> 8) & 0xFF), upper);text += to_hex((uint8_t)(value & 0xFF), upper);return text;}
} // namespace cutl

4. 测试代码

#include "common.hpp"
#include "strfmt.h"void TestToHex()
{PrintSubTitle("TestToHex");uint8_t a = 0x0f;std::cout << "uint8: " << cutl::to_hex(a) << std::endl;uint16_t b = 0xfc;std::cout << "uint16: " << cutl::to_hex(b) << std::endl;uint32_t c = 0x1b02aefc;std::cout << "uint32: " << cutl::to_hex(c) << std::endl;uint64_t d = 0xabcdef0123456789;std::cout << "uint64: " << cutl::to_hex(d) << std::endl;uint8_t bytes[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10};std::cout << "bytes: " << cutl::to_hex(bytes, 16) << std::endl;
}

5. 运行结果

---------------------------------------------TestToHex----------------------------------------------
uint8: 0F
uint16: 00FC
uint32: 1B02AEFC
uint64: ABCDEF0123456789
bytes: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10