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HTML5+JavaScript单词游戏

news 来源：原创 2024/9/20 12:24:55

HTML5 +JavaScript单词游戏

数据字典格式：每行一个单词，单词和解释用空格分隔，如

a art.一(个)；每一(个)

ability n.能力；能耐，本领

able a.有能力的；出色的

baby n.婴儿；孩子气的人

back ad.在后；回原处；回

background n.背景，后景，经历

cable n.缆，索；电缆；电报

cafe n.咖啡馆；小餐厅

good a.好的；有本事的

需要注意的是，JavaScript 在浏览器环境中不能像python那样直接读取本地文本文件，这是出于安全考虑，可以将数据字典内容作为 JavaScript 数据直接嵌入到脚本中。

游戏规则：

每次随机从文本中选取一个英语单词，在界面上从左到右移动，随机选出三个单词的解释，和英语单词正确解释，随机放到四个按钮中，这四个按钮放到界面下方。

用户单击带有解释的按钮，界面上英语单词消失，再随机从文本中选取一个新英语单词，进入下一个猜单词过程；若英语单词移动出界面，用户未能单击有正确解释的按钮，表示失败，也将随机从文本中选取一个新英语单词，进入下一个猜单词过程。

有失败和成功计数。

使用HTML5来实现这个单词游戏，运行界面：

使用面向过程方式实现，游戏源码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>单词游戏</title><style>body {font-family: Arial, sans-serif;display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 20px;}#gameCanvas {border: 1px solid black;}#score {align-self: flex-end;margin-bottom: 10px;}#buttons {display: grid;grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;gap: 10px;margin-top: 20px;}button {width: 180px;height: 40px;font-size: 14px;}</style>
</head>
<body><div id="score">成功: 0 失败: 0</div><canvas id="gameCanvas" width="400" height="200"></canvas><div id="buttons"></div><script>// 字典数据const dictionaryData = `
a art.一(个)；每一(个)
ability n.能力；能耐，本领
able a.有能力的；出色的
baby n.婴儿；孩子气的人
back ad.在后；回原处；回
background n.背景，后景，经历
cable n.缆，索；电缆；电报
cafe n.咖啡馆；小餐厅
good a.好的；有本事的`;const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');const scoreElement = document.getElementById('score');const buttonsContainer = document.getElementById('buttons');let dictionary = {};let currentWord = "";let currentDefinition = "";let options = [];let successCount = 0;let failCount = 0;let wordX = -100;let moveSpeed = 1; // 新增：移动速度控制let lastTime = 0;  // 新增：用于控制动画帧率function loadDictionary() {const lines = dictionaryData.trim().split('\n');lines.forEach(line => {const [word, definition] = line.trim().split(' ', 2);dictionary[word] = definition;});}function chooseNewWord() {const words = Object.keys(dictionary);currentWord = words[Math.floor(Math.random() * words.length)];currentDefinition = dictionary[currentWord];options = [currentDefinition];while (options.length < 4) {const randomDef = dictionary[words[Math.floor(Math.random() * words.length)]];if (!options.includes(randomDef)) {options.push(randomDef);}}options.sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5);updateButtons();wordX = -100;}function updateButtons() {buttonsContainer.innerHTML = '';options.forEach((option, index) => {const button = document.createElement('button');button.textContent = option.substring(0, 20) + "...";button.onclick = () => checkAnswer(index);buttonsContainer.appendChild(button);});}function moveWord(currentTime) {// 控制帧率，每16ms（约60fps）更新一次if (currentTime - lastTime < 16) {requestAnimationFrame(moveWord);return;}lastTime = currentTime;ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);ctx.font = '24px Arial';ctx.fillText(currentWord, wordX, 100);if (wordX > canvas.width) {failCount++;updateScore();chooseNewWord();} else {wordX += moveSpeed; // 使用moveSpeed控制移动速度}requestAnimationFrame(moveWord);}function checkAnswer(index) {if (options[index] === currentDefinition) {successCount++;} else {failCount++;}updateScore();chooseNewWord();}function updateScore() {scoreElement.textContent = `成功: ${successCount} 失败: ${failCount}`;}function init() {loadDictionary();chooseNewWord();requestAnimationFrame(moveWord);}init();</script>
</body>
</html>

你可以通过调整 moveSpeed 的值来改变单词移动的速度。例如：

moveSpeed = 0.5; 会使单词移动得更慢

moveSpeed = 2; 会使单词移动得更快

上面的JavaScript代码是面向过程的，下面使用面向对象方式实现。

使用面向对象方式实现，游戏源码如下：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>单词游戏</title><style>body {font-family: Arial, sans-serif;display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 20px;}#gameCanvas {border: 1px solid black;}#score {align-self: flex-end;margin-bottom: 10px;}#buttons {display: grid;grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;gap: 10px;margin-top: 20px;}button {width: 180px;height: 40px;font-size: 14px;}</style>
</head>
<body><div id="score">成功: 0 失败: 0</div><canvas id="gameCanvas" width="400" height="200"></canvas><div id="buttons"></div><script>// 字典数据const dictionaryData = `
a art.一(个)；每一(个)
ability n.能力；能耐，本领
able a.有能力的；出色的
baby n.婴儿；孩子气的人
back ad.在后；回原处；回
background n.背景，后景，经历
cable n.缆，索；电缆；电报
cafe n.咖啡馆；小餐厅
good a.好的；有本事的`;class WordGame {constructor() {this.canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');this.ctx = this.canvas.getContext('2d');this.scoreElement = document.getElementById('score');this.buttonsContainer = document.getElementById('buttons');this.dictionary = {};this.currentWord = "";this.currentDefinition = "";this.options = [];this.successCount = 0;this.failCount = 0;this.wordX = -100;this.moveSpeed = 1;this.lastTime = 0;this.loadDictionary();this.chooseNewWord();this.updateButtons();requestAnimationFrame(this.moveWord.bind(this));}loadDictionary() {const lines = dictionaryData.trim().split('\n');lines.forEach(line => {const [word, definition] = line.trim().split(' ', 2);this.dictionary[word] = definition;});}chooseNewWord() {const words = Object.keys(this.dictionary);this.currentWord = words[Math.floor(Math.random() * words.length)];this.currentDefinition = this.dictionary[this.currentWord];this.options = [this.currentDefinition];while (this.options.length < 4) {const randomDef = this.dictionary[words[Math.floor(Math.random() * words.length)]];if (!this.options.includes(randomDef)) {this.options.push(randomDef);}}this.options.sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5);this.wordX = -100;}updateButtons() {this.buttonsContainer.innerHTML = '';this.options.forEach((option, index) => {const button = document.createElement('button');button.textContent = option.substring(0, 20) + "...";button.onclick = () => this.checkAnswer(index);this.buttonsContainer.appendChild(button);});}moveWord(currentTime) {if (currentTime - this.lastTime < 16) {requestAnimationFrame(this.moveWord.bind(this));return;}this.lastTime = currentTime;this.ctx.clearRect(0, 0, this.canvas.width, this.canvas.height);this.ctx.font = '24px Arial';this.ctx.fillText(this.currentWord, this.wordX, 100);if (this.wordX > this.canvas.width) {this.failCount++;this.updateScore();this.chooseNewWord();this.updateButtons();} else {this.wordX += this.moveSpeed;}requestAnimationFrame(this.moveWord.bind(this));}checkAnswer(index) {if (this.options[index] === this.currentDefinition) {this.successCount++;} else {this.failCount++;}this.updateScore();this.chooseNewWord();this.updateButtons();}updateScore() {this.scoreElement.textContent = `成功: ${this.successCount} 失败: ${this.failCount}`;}}// 初始化游戏new WordGame();</script>
</body>
</html>

这个面向对象的实现有以下几个主要特点：

所有游戏逻辑都封装在 WordGame 类中。

类的构造函数 constructor 初始化所有必要的属性和状态，并开始游戏循环。

每个功能都变成了类的方法，如 loadDictionary, chooseNewWord, updateButtons 等。