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python键盘操作工具：ctypes、pyautogui

news 来源：原创 2024/9/21 5:41:39

这里模拟 Win + Ctrl + L 组合键

1、ctypes

ctypes库，它允许我们直接调用Windows API来模拟键盘输入。

import ctypes
import time# 定义所需的常量和结构
LONG = ctypes.c_long
DWORD = ctypes.c_ulong
ULONG_PTR = ctypes.POINTER(DWORD)
WORD = ctypes.c_ushortclass MOUSEINPUT(ctypes.Structure):_fields_ = (("dx", LONG),("dy", LONG),("mouseData", DWORD),("dwFlags", DWORD),("time", DWORD),("dwExtraInfo", ULONG_PTR))class KEYBDINPUT(ctypes.Structure):_fields_ = (("wVk", WORD),("wScan", WORD),("dwFlags", DWORD),("time", DWORD),("dwExtraInfo", ULONG_PTR))class HARDWAREINPUT(ctypes.Structure):_fields_ = (("uMsg", DWORD),("wParamL", WORD),("wParamH", WORD))class INPUT(ctypes.Structure):class _INPUT(ctypes.Union):_fields_ = (("ki", KEYBDINPUT),("mi", MOUSEINPUT),("hi", HARDWAREINPUT))_anonymous_ = ("_input",)_fields_ = (("type", DWORD),("_input", _INPUT))# 定义按键代码
VK_LWIN = 0x5B
VK_CONTROL = 0x11
VK_L = 0x4C# 定义SendInput函数
SendInput = ctypes.windll.user32.SendInput
SendInput.restype = ctypes.c_uint
SendInput.argtypes = [ctypes.c_uint, ctypes.POINTER(INPUT), ctypes.c_int]# 创建INPUT结构
def create_input(vk, press):return INPUT(type=1, ki=KEYBDINPUT(wVk=vk, wScan=0, dwFlags=0x0002 if not press else 0))# 发送按键
def send_key_combo(keys):inputs = [create_input(key, True) for key in keys]inputs += [create_input(key, False) for key in reversed(keys)]n_inputs = len(inputs)array_type = INPUT * n_inputsc_inputs = array_type(*inputs)SendInput(n_inputs, c_inputs, ctypes.sizeof(INPUT))# 等待5秒，确保系统已完全启动
time.sleep(5)# 发送 Win + Ctrl + L 组合键
send_key_combo([VK_LWIN, VK_CONTROL, VK_L])

2、pyautogui

https://www.jianshu.com/p/3f5d0252f4a3
pyautogui库是一种用于自动化任务的强大工具，它可以模拟鼠标和键盘操作，执行各种GUI任务。无论是进行屏幕截图、自动填写表单、自动化测试还是进行GUI操作，pyautogui都可以派上用场。

安装

pip install pyautogui

代码

import pyautogui
import time# 确保 pyautogui 库已安装
# 如果没有安装，可以使用以下命令进行安装：
# pip install pyautogui# 为了确保按键按下的顺序正确，可以稍微延迟一下
time.sleep(2)# 按下 Win 键
pyautogui.keyDown('win')# 按下 Ctrl 键
pyautogui.keyDown('ctrl')# 按下 L 键
pyautogui.keyDown('l')# 释放 L 键
pyautogui.keyUp('l')# 释放 Ctrl 键
pyautogui.keyUp('ctrl')# 释放 Win 键
pyautogui.keyUp('win')