WSL和Windows建立TCP通信协议
1.windows配置
首先是windows端，启动TCP服务端，用来监听指定的端口号，其中IP地址可以设置为任意，否则服务器可能无法正常打开。
addrSer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;recv函数用来接收客户端传输的数据，其中sum表示接收到的字节数。
为了能将接收到的char数据转换成16进制形式，方便与发送数据进行比对。
rece = ToHexString((unsigned char*)recvbuf, sum);这里sum不能替换为strlen(recvbuf)，strlen在检测到"00"后会自动结束，打印的数据不全。
string ToHexString(unsigned char* input, int datasize)
{stringstream ss;ss << setbase(16) << setfill('0');for (int i = 0; i < datasize; i++)ss << setw(2) << (UINT)input[i];return ss.str();
}TCP接收到的不是一个一个的数据，而是一段一段的数据，中间可能包含着多条信息，需要根据起始位将信息提取出来。
vector<int> positions = findAllSubstringPositions(rece, "aaa55a");
vector<string> s;
if(positions.size()>0){s.push_back(rece.substr(0, positions[0] + 2));for (int i = 1; i < positions.size(); i++) {cout << positions[i - 1] << endl;s.push_back(rece.substr(positions[i-1] + 2, positions[i]- positions[i - 1]));}s.push_back(rece.substr(positions[positions.size()-1]+2));
}
else {s.push_back(rece);
}
for(int j=0;j<= positions.size();j++)cout << s[j] << endl;这里由于不知道一段包含命令的个数，所以用vector容器来存放比较合适，同时substr第一个参数是起始位置，第二个参数是需要提取字符串的长度，不是终止位置。
2.WSL配置
WSL作客户端，用来监听串口数据并返还给服务端。
第一步：让WSL可以检测到USB
powershell输入usbipd list查看当前USB设备（电脑间测试需要串口盒辅助，另外一台电脑打开串口调试助手，向WSL发送十六进制数据）
usbipd bind --busid 1-6 共享串口
usbipd attach --wsl -b 1-6 附加USB设备到WSL上
WSL输入lsusb检测当前USB设备
ls /dev/tty*查看USB设备的端口号
第二步：WSL开启串口监听
根据查询到的端口号配置端口
//listen uartfd1 = open( "/dev/ttyS9", O_RDWR);if (fd1 == -1) {printf("open error!\n");}int nset = set_opt(fd1, 115200, 8, 'N', 1);if (nset == -1) {printf("set error!\n");}第三步：配置接收线程
主函数开启线程std::thread uart(uart_read);
while(1)循环里连续接收n = read(fd1, send_buf, UART_BUFF);
n表示接收到的字符串长度，这里read可能会分段接收，加入起始位和长度的判断
if(n>0){if(n>2){if(ToHexString((unsigned char*)send_buf,2) == "a55a"){flag=1;count=0;memset(rece_buf,'\0',UART_BUFF);numchar = (unsigned char)send_buf[2];sum = (int)numchar;}}if(flag){for(int i=count;i<(count+n);i++){rece_buf[i] = send_buf[i-count];}count += n;if(sum == (count-2)){cout << ToHexString((unsigned char*)rece_buf,sum+2) << endl;len=send(client_sockfd, rece_buf, count, 0);//TCP客户端发送count = 0;}else if(sum < (count-2)){flag = 0;count = 0;}}}这里数据的长度为unsigned char类型，用int强转
count表示接收到的字符串长度，其中rece_buf不能使用strcat来进行拼接，还是"00"的问题。
第四步：文件编译
一般的文件编译使用gcc -o 工程名 工程文件的格式
而std::thread则要
g++ -o 工程名 工程文件名 -lpthread -std=c++11
执行：
./工程名
完整代码
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <thread>
#include <time.h>
#include <exception>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>using namespace std;
typedef unsigned int UINT;
#define UART_BUFF 2048int client_sockfd;
int len;
int fd1=-1;string ToHexString(unsigned char* input, int datasize)
{stringstream ss;ss << setbase(16) << setfill('0');for (int i = 0; i < datasize; i++)ss << setw(2) << (UINT)input[i];return ss.str();
}int set_opt(int fd,int nSpeed, int nBits, char nEvent, int nStop)
{struct termios newtio,oldtio;if ( tcgetattr( fd,&oldtio) != 0){perror("SetupSerial 1");return -1;}bzero( &newtio, sizeof( newtio ) );newtio.c_cflag |= CLOCAL | CREAD;newtio.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;switch( nBits ){case 7:newtio.c_cflag |= CS7;break;case 8:newtio.c_cflag |= CS8;break;}switch( nEvent ){case 'O':newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;newtio.c_cflag |= PARODD;newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP);break;case 'E':newtio.c_iflag |= (INPCK | ISTRIP);newtio.c_cflag |= PARENB;newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;break;case 'N':newtio.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;break;}switch( nSpeed ){case 2400:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B2400);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B2400);break;case 4800:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B4800);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B4800);break;case 9600:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B9600);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B9600);break;case 115200:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B115200);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B115200);break;case 460800:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B460800);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B460800);break;default:cfsetispeed(&newtio, B9600);cfsetospeed(&newtio, B9600);break;}if( nStop == 1 )newtio.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB; else if ( nStop == 2 )newtio.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;newtio.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;newtio.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;tcflush(fd,TCIFLUSH);if((tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&newtio))!=0){perror("com set error");return -1;}return 0;
}void uart_read(){char send_buf[UART_BUFF];int flag=0;int sum=0,count=0;char rece_buf[UART_BUFF];char send_buf_use[UART_BUFF];string numStr;unsigned char numchar;int n;while(1){n = read(fd1, send_buf, UART_BUFF);//cout << n << endl;if(n>0){if(n>2){if(ToHexString((unsigned char*)send_buf,2) == "a55a"){flag=1;count=0;memset(rece_buf,'\0',UART_BUFF);numchar = (unsigned char)send_buf[2];sum = (int)numchar;// cout << ToHexString((unsigned char*)send_buf,n) << "***" << endl;}}if(flag){cout << ToHexString((unsigned char*)send_buf,n) << "***" << endl;for(int i=count;i<(count+n);i++){rece_buf[i] = send_buf[i-count];}count += n;//cout << ToHexString((unsigned char*)rece_buf,count) << endl;if(sum == (count-2)){cout << ToHexString((unsigned char*)rece_buf,sum+2) << endl;len=send(client_sockfd, rece_buf, count, 0);count = 0;}else if(sum < (count-2)){flag = 0;count = 0;}}}//else//usleep(5000);}return;
}int main()
{struct sockaddr_in remote_addr;char recv_buf[UART_BUFF];char send_buf[UART_BUFF];memset(&remote_addr, 0, sizeof(remote_addr));remote_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;remote_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr("192.168.192.100");remote_addr.sin_port=htons(6666);//listen uartfd1 = open( "/dev/ttyS9", O_RDWR);if (fd1 == -1) {printf("open error!\n");}int nset = set_opt(fd1, 115200, 8, 'N', 1);if (nset == -1) {printf("set error!\n");}//IPv4 tcpif((client_sockfd=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0))<0){cout<<"socket error";return 1;}if(connect(client_sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&remote_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))<0){cout<<"connect error";return 1;} cout<<"connected to server"<<endl;std::thread uart(uart_read);while(1){usleep(100);}uart.join();close(client_sockfd);close(fd1);return 0;
}