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SSH设置不输入密码登陆方式

news 来源：原创 2024/7/8 12:38:22

SSH设置
在Hadoop启动以后，Namenode是通过SSH（Secure Shell）来启动和停止各个节点上的各种守护进程的，这就需要在节点之间执行指令的时候是不需要输入密码的方式，故我们需要配置SSH使用无密码公钥认证的方式。

--遇到这个问题
ssh: connect to host localhost port 22:connection refused

ubuntu默认并没有安装ssh服务，如果通过ssh链接ubuntu，需要自己手动安装ssh-server。判断是否安装ssh服务，可以通过如下命令进行：

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ ssh localhost
   2. ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ ssh localhost ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

如上所示，表示没有还没有安装，可以通过apt安装，命令如下：

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

系统将自动进行安装，安装完成以后，先启动服务：

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start

xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh start

启动后，可以通过如下命令查看服务是否正确启动

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ ps -e|grep ssh
   2. 6212 ?        00:00:00 sshd

xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ ps -e|grep ssh 6212 ?        00:00:00 sshd

如上表示启动ok。注意，ssh默认的端口是22，可以更改端口，更改后先stop，
然后start就可以了。改配置在/etc/ssh/sshd_config下，如下所示。
Java代码

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
   2. # Package generated configuration file
   3. # See the sshd(8) manpage for details
   4. # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
   5. Port 22

xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config # Package generated configuration file # See the sshd(8) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 22

最后，应该是连接的时候了。请看如下命令：
Java代码

   1. xjj@xjj-desktop:~$ ssh exceljava@192.168.158.129


--设置ssh不输入密码的方式登陆
[root@mod .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
7a:59:b7:b9:fc:a5:7c:dd:3c:5f:f8:8d:17:e7:4f:c4 root@mod
[root@mod .ssh]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[root@mod .ssh]# scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 192.168.0.22:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.22 (192.168.0.22)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ce:ff:6e:a8:e1:ff:32:71:02:3c:c4:ad:8e:77:ff:0e.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.22' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.0.22's password:
authorized_keys                                                                100% 218     0.2KB/s   00:00
[root@mod .ssh]# ssh 192.168.0.22
Last login: Fri Sep 25 23:58:16 2009 from 192.168.0.120
[root@CRBTDB ~]# exit