python通讯录的算法_python写一个通讯录之step by step
编写过程：
第一步：手动代码堆积
第二步：函数复用
第三步：数据持久化之数据保存
第四步：数据持久化之数据读取
第五步：数据持久化之数据删除
第六步：数据持久化之数据更新
初稿—》数据持久化之保存数据—–》数据持久化之加载数据—–》数据持久化之删除数据—-》数据持久化之检索数据—》数据持久化之数据更新
本演示不为堆积代码，仅为梳理一个编码的概念过程~希望对你有所帮助
第一步：手工代码堆积#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Email:993182876@qq.com
#Date:2015-03-23
#Function:Create the address book step by step
#Version:0.1
#Initialized variables
msg = '''
1. Add information
2. Display information
0. Exit
'''
#txl content like this tex = [['name','gender','telphone'],['name','gender','telphone']]
txl = []
#define Add
#define display
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name >>> ')
gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your gender >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Telphone Number >>> ')
txl.append([name,gender,tel])
elif op == '2':
for list in txl:
for info in list:
print info,
print ''
elif op == '0':
break
else:
print ''
print 'Unkonw Choose,Please Select again!'
print ''
用到的python功能：while循环：实现循环输入
if判断：判断输入内容并进行调用相关函数
break：跳槽循环
列表：在当前会话中保存数据
三引号的使用
测试结果：
Note:
print打印时，不换行使用’,’来实现，但是针对嵌套列表来说，很可能出现下面的情况，这个时候在跳出当前循环print空白行即可。
第二步：函数复用
如此我们也能实现我们想要的功能，但是总感觉有点别扭，要不要来点高大上的，来来来，叫来函数来一发~
代码如下:#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Email:993182876@qq.com
#Date:2015-03-23
#Function:Create the address book step by step
#
#Initialized variables
msg = '''
1. Add information
2. Display information
0. Exit
'''
#txl content like this tex = [['name','gender','telphone'],['name','gender','telphone']]
txl = []
#define Add
def Add():
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name >>> ')
gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your gender >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Telphone Number >>> ')
txl.append([name,gender,tel])
#define display
def Disp():
for list in txl:
for info in list:
print info,
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
Add()
elif op == '2':
Disp()
elif op == '0':
break
else:
print ''
print 'Unkonw Choose,Please Select again!'
print ''
引入新功能：
python函数功能
测试结果：
测试结果其实和第一步是一样的，没有什么区别~
第三步：数据持久化之保存数据
这里我们用函数来实现了格式化代码，复用等功能，但是我关闭了当前会话，所有的东西又都没了，那这就是闹玩呗，没有实际意义啊~
所以这里我们要引入数据持久化的概念~(这里仅讨论文件保存形式的数据持久化，不涉及数据库相关)
引入功能：
字符串和列表转换，将列表转成字符串，然后写入文件
代码如下：
#define save
def Save():
temp = []
for info in txl:
temp.append(','.join(info))
s = '\n'.join(temp)
fp = file('txl.db','w')
fp.write(s)
fp.close()
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
Add()
Save()
....
测试效果:
第四步：数据持久化之数据读取
引入功能：
字符串和列表转换，将字符串传换成列表，然后追加到列表中
代码如下：#define load
def Load():
fp = file('txl.db','r')
content = fp.read()
temp = content.split('\n')
for info in temp:
txl.append(info.split(','))
Load()
while True:
....
测试效果：
第五步：数据持久化之删除数据
引入功能：
检索账号，找到账号对应的子列表所在的索引，进行删除操作
如何在嵌套列表中找到value对应的索引？
代码片段如下：....
msg = '''
1. Add information
2. Display information
3. Delete by name
0. Exit
'''
#define del
def Del():
name = raw_input('Please Enter which one name you want to delete >>> ')
for sub in txl:
if sub[0] == name:
txl.remove(sub)
break
Load()
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
Add()
Save()
elif op == '2':
Disp()
elif op == '3':
Del()
Save()
....
测试效果：
第六步：数据持久化之更新数据
引入功能：
和删除数据同理，检索账号，找到账号对应的子列表所在的索引，进行相关value的更新操作
代码片段如下：
#Initialized variables
msg = '''
1. Add information
2. Display information
3. Delete by name
4. Update by name
0. Exit
'''
info = '''
001. name
002. gender
003. tel
004. all
'''
#define change
def Change():
xingming = raw_input('Please Enter which one name you want to change >>> ')
print info
op = raw_input('Please select which one you want to change: ')
for sub in txl:
if sub[0] == xingming:
if op == '001':
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][0] = name
elif op == '002':
gender= raw_input('Please Enter Your gender: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][1] = gender
elif op == '003':
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your tel: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][2] = tel
else:
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name: ')
gender= raw_input('Please Enter Your gender: ')
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your tel: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)] = [name,gender,tel]
break
Load()
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
Add()
Save()
elif op == '2':
Disp()
elif op == '3':
Del()
Save()
elif op == '4':
Change()
Save()
....
测试效果：
整体思路：
完成一个通讯录的增删查改，局限于列表，完善自己的组建代码的一个思路，搭建起一套框架。
你要思考的问题：初始化数据
如何增加数据
数据如何写入到文件
如何从文件中读取数据到列表
如何删除数据并同步到文件
如何更新数据并同步到文件
完整代码块：#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
#Author:zhuima
#Email:993182876@qq.com
#Date:2015-03-23
#Function:Create the address book step by step
#
#Initialized variables
msg = '''
1. Add information
2. Display information
3. Delete by name
4. Update by name
0. Exit
'''
info = '''
001. name
002. gender
003. tel
004. all
'''
#txl content like this tex = [['name','gender','telphone'],['name','gender','telphone']]
txl = []
#define Add
def Add():
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name >>> ')
gender = raw_input('Please Enter Your gender >>> ')
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your Telphone Number >>> ')
txl.append([name,gender,tel])
#define display
def Disp():
for list in txl:
for info in list:
print info,
print ''
#define save
def Save():
temp = []
for info in txl:
temp.append(','.join(info))
s = '\n'.join(temp)
fp = file('txl.db','w')
fp.write(s+'\n')
fp.close()
#define load
def Load():
import os
if os.path.exists('txl.db'):
fp = file('txl.db','r')
content = fp.read()
fp.close()
temp = content.split('\n')
for info in temp:
txl.append(info.split(','))
else:
fp = file('txl.db','w')
fp.close()
#define del
def Del():
name = raw_input('Please Enter which one name you want to delete >>> ')
for sub in txl:
if sub[0] == name:
txl.remove(sub)
break
#define change
def Change():
xingming = raw_input('Please Enter which one name you want to change >>> ')
print info
op = raw_input('Please select which one you want to change: ')
for sub in txl:
if sub[0] == xingming:
if op == '001':
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][0] = name
elif op == '002':
gender= raw_input('Please Enter Your gender: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][1] = gender
elif op == '003':
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your tel: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)][2] = tel
else:
name = raw_input('Please Enter Your name: ')
gender= raw_input('Please Enter Your gender: ')
tel = raw_input('Please Enter Your tel: ')
txl[txl.index(sub)] = [name,gender,tel]
break
Load()
while True:
print msg
op = raw_input('Please Select >>> ')
if op == '1':
Add()
Save()
elif op == '2':
Disp()
elif op == '3':
Del()
Save()
elif op == '4':
Change()
Save()
elif op == '0':
break
else:
print ''
print 'Unkonw Choose,Please Select again!'
print ''
作者：追马