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Django具体操作（三）

news 来源：原创 2024/5/4 17:55:59

理解表单类：上一篇中讲到了用户登录代码实现，用户登录框可以用HTML代码实现或者是表单实现。

在.个人的app下创建forms.py（这里很多人会写成from）

这个文件是专门存放各种与表单有关的类。

class Foo(Form): #必须继承
    username = xxx
    password = xxx
    email = xxx
注意这里的字段必须和input的name字段一致

from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import fields
from django.forms import widgets

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.
from django.forms import Form
from django.forms import fields
from django.forms import widgets
# 1、创建规则
class TeacherForm(Form):  #必须继承Form
    # 创建字段，本质上是正则表达式
    username = fields.CharField(
        required=True,     #必填字段
        error_messages={"required":"用户名不能为空！！"},  #显示中文错误提示
        widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"placeholder":"用户名","class":"form-control"})  #自动生成input框
       )
    password = fields.CharField(required=True, error_messages={'required': '密码不能为空'},
                                widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': '密码', 'class': 'form-control'}))  # 不能为空
    email = fields.EmailField(
        required=True,
        error_messages={"required":"邮箱不能为空！！","invalid":"无效的邮箱"},
        widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"placeholder": "邮箱", "class": "form-control"})  # 自动生成input框
    ) #不能为空且邮箱格式要一致

# 2、使用规则：将数据和规则进行匹配
def teacherindex(request):
    teacher_obj = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    # print(teacher_obj)
    return render(request,"teacherindex.html",{"teacher_obj":teacher_obj})
def add(request):
    if request.method=="GET":
        form = TeacherForm()  #只是让显示一个input框
        return render(request,"add.html",{"form":form })
    else:
        form = TeacherForm(data=request.POST)
        # print(form)  #<QuerySet [<UserInfo: UserInfo object>, <UserInfo: UserInfo object>, <UserInfo: UserInfo object>]>
        if form.is_valid():# 开始验证
            # print('执行成功',form.cleaned_data)          # 所有匹配成功，字典
            # {'username': 'asd', 'password': 'sdf', 'email': 'sadf@live.com','ut_id':1}
            form.cleaned_data['ut_id'] = 1  #要分的清是班主任还是讲师
            models.UserInfo.objects.all().create(**form.cleaned_data)
            return redirect("/teacherindex/")
        else:
            # print("=====?",form.errors,type(form.errors))#返回失败的结果
            # print(form.errors["username"][0])   #拿到返回失败的结果，渲染到页面
            return render(request,"add.html",{"form":form})

或者是下面的方法：

from django import forms

class LoginForm(form.Form):  # 记住格式
    username = forms.CharField()
    password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput)

# 实例化看下效果
login_form = LoginForm()
print(login_form)


<tr><th><label for='id_username'>Usernaem:</label></th><td>
<input id='id_username' name='username' type='text' requuired/></td></tr>