anaconda
Anaconda（读音[ˌænəˈkɒndə]，水蚺(南美洲蟒蛇)）指的是一个开源的Python发行版本（Continuum Analytics公司研发），其包含了conda、Python等180多个科学包及其依赖项。因为包含了大量的科学包，Anaconda 的下载文件比较大（约 531 MB），如果只需要某些包，或者需要节省带宽或存储空间，也可以使用Miniconda这个较小的发行版（仅包含conda和 Python）。
基本介绍
Anaconda包括Conda、Python以及一大堆安装好的工具包，比如：numpy、pandas等
Miniconda包括Conda、Python
conda是一个开源的包、环境管理器，可以用于在同一个机器上安装不同版本的软件包及其依赖，并能够在不同的环境之间切换。
基本用法
conda clean
conda config
conda create
conda help
conda info
conda install
conda list #罗列出所有已安装的科学包及其依赖项
conda package
conda remove
conda search
conda uninstall
conda update
conda upgrade
默认安装包
| # 包名称 | 版本号 | 构建号 | 频道 |
| _ipyw_jlab_ | 0.1.0 | py36_0 | |
| _libgcc_mut | 0.1 | main | |
| aioeasywebd | 2.4.0 py3 | 6_1000 | conda-forge |
| aiohttp | 3.6.2 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| anaconda-cl | 1.7.2 | py36_0 | |
| anaconda-na | 1.9.12 | py36_1 | |
| appdirs | 1.4.3 py36h28b | 3542_0 | |
| async-timeo | 3.0.1 | py36_0 | |
| attrs | 19.3.0 | py_0 | |
| backcall | 0.2.0 | py_0 | |
| backports | 1.0 | py_2 | |
| backports.f | che 1.6.1 | py_0 | |
| backports.t | 1.0 | py_1 | |
| backports.w | 1.0.post1 | py_1 | |
| bcrypt | 3.1.7 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| beautifulso | 4.9.1 | py36_0 | |
| blas | 1.0 | mkl | |
| bleach | 3.1.5 | py_0 | |
| boto3 | 1.9.66 | py36_0 | |
| botocore | 1.12.189 | py_0 | |
| brotlipy | 0.7.0 py36h7b64 | 47c_10 | 0 |
| bzip2 | 1.0.8 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| ca-certific | 2020.6.24 | 0 | |
| cachetools | 4.1.0 | py_1 | |
| cairo | 1.14.12 h894 | 8797_3 | |
| certifi | 2020.6.20 | py36_0 | |
| cffi | 1.14.0 py36h2e2 | 61b9_0 | |
| chardet | 3.0.4 py3 | 6_1003 | |
| click | 7.1.2 | py_0 | |
| clyent | 1.2.2 | py36_1 | |
| conda | 4.8.3 | py36_0 | |
| conda-build | 3.18.11 | py36_0 | |
| conda-env | 2.6.0 | 1 | |
| conda-packa | 1.6.1 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| conda-verif | 3.4.2 | py_1 | |
| configargpa | 1.2.3 | py_0 | |
| cryptograph | 2.9.2 py36h1ba | 5d50_0 | |
| cycler | 0.10.0 | py36_0 | |
| dataclasses | 0.7 | py36_0 | |
| datrie | 0.8.2 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| dbus | 1.13.6 h746 | ee38_0 | |
| dcm2niix | 1.0.20181114 h6bb024 | c_1000 | conda-forge |
| decorator | 4.4.2 | py_0 | |
| defusedxml | 0.6.0 | py_0 | |
| docutils | 0.16 | py36_1 | |
| dropbox | 10.2.0 | py36_0 | |
| entrypoints | 0.3 | py36_0 | |
| expat | 2.2.9 he67 | 10b0_2 | |
| filechunkio | 1.6 | py36_0 | bioconda |
| filelock | 3.0.12 | py_0 | |
| fontconfig | 2.13.0 h942 | 0a91_0 | |
| freeglut | 3.0.0 hf48 | 4d3e_5 | |
| freetype | 2.10.2 h5ab | 3b9f_0 | |
| fribidi | 1.0.9 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| fsleyes | 0.32.0 | py36_0 | conda-forge |
| fsleyes-pro | 1.6.7 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| fsleyes-wid | 0.8.4 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| fslpy | 3.2.1 pyh5ca | 1d4c_0 | conda-forge |
| ftputil | 3.2 | py36_0 | bioconda |
| future | 0.18.2 | py36_1 | |
| gettext | 0.19.8.1 hd7b | ead4_3 | |
| gitdb | 4.0.5 | py_0 | |
| gitpython | 3.1.3 | py_1 | |
| glib | 2.56.2 hd40 | 8876_0 | |
| glob2 | 0.7 | py_0 | |
| google-api- | 1.17.0 | py36_0 | |
| google-auth | 1.17.2 | py_0 | |
| google-clou | 1.3.0 | py_0 | |
| google-clou | 1.28.1 | py_0 | |
| google-resu | 0.5.1 | py_0 | |
| googleapis- | 1.51.0 | py36_2 | |
| graphite2 | 1.3.14 h234 | 75e2_0 | |
| graphviz | 2.40.1 h21b | d128_2 | |
| gst-plugins | 1.14.0 hbbd | 80ab_1 | |
| gstreamer | 1.14.0 hb45 | 3b48_1 | |
| h5py | 2.10.0 py36hd62 | 99e0_1 | |
| harfbuzz | 1.8.8 hffa | f4a1_0 | |
| hdf5 | 1.10.6 hb1b | 8bf9_0 | |
| icu | 58.2 he67 | 10b0_3 | |
| idna | 2.10 | py_0 | |
| idna_ssl | 1.1.0 | py36_0 | |
| importlib-m | 1.7.0 | py36_0 | |
| importlib_m | 1.7.0 | 0 | |
| indexed_gzi | 1.3.2 py36hfaf | 6566_0 | conda-forge |
| intel-openm | 2020.1 | 217 | |
| ipykernel | 5.3.4 py36h5ca | 1d4c_0 | |
| ipython | 7.16.1 py36h5ca | 1d4c_0 | |
| ipython_gen | 0.2.0 | py36_0 | |
| ipywidgets | 7.5.1 | py_0 | |
| isodate | 0.6.0 | py_1 | |
| jedi | 0.17.1 | py36_0 | |
| jinja2 | 2.11.2 | py_0 | |
| jmespath | 0.10.0 | py_0 | |
| jpeg | 9b h024 | ee3a_2 | |
| json5 | 0.9.5 | py_0 | |
| jsonschema | 3.2.0 | py36_0 | |
| jupyter_cli | 6.1.6 | py_0 | |
| jupyter_cor | 4.6.3 | py36_0 | |
| jupyterlab | 2.1.5 | py_0 | |
| jupyterlab_ | 1.2.0 | py_0 | |
| kiwisolver | 1.2.0 py36hfd8 | 6e86_0 | |
| lcms2 | 2.11 h396 | b838_0 | |
| ld_impl_lin | 2.33.1 h53a | 641e_7 | |
| libarchive | 3.4.2 h624 | 08e4_0 | |
| libedit | 3.1.20191231 h14c | 3975_1 | |
| libffi | 3.2.1 hd88 | cf55_4 | |
| libgcc-ng | 9.1.0 hdf6 | 3c60_0 | |
| libgfortran | 7.3.0 hdf6 | 3c60_0 | |
| libglu | 9.0.0 hf48 | 4d3e_1 | |
| liblief | 0.10.1 he67 | 10b0_0 | |
| libpng | 1.6.37 hbc8 | 3047_0 | |
| libprotobuf | 3.12.3 hd40 | 8876_0 | |
| libsodium | 1.0.18 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| libspatiali | 1.9.3 he67 | 10b0_0 | |
| libssh2 | 1.9.0 h1ba | 5d50_1 | |
| libstdcxx-n | 9.1.0 hdf6 | 3c60_0 | |
| libtiff | 4.1.0 h273 | 3197_1 | |
| libuuid | 1.0.3 h1be | d415_2 | |
| libxcb | 1.14 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| libxml2 | 2.9.10 he19 | cac6_1 | |
| lz4-c | 1.9.2 he67 | 10b0_1 | |
| markupsafe | 1.1.1 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| matplotlib | 3.2.2 | 0 | |
| matplotlib- | 3.2.2 py36hef1 | b27d_0 | |
| mistune | 0.8.4 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| mkl | 2020.1 | 217 | |
| mkl-service | 2.3.0 py36he90 | 4b0f_0 | |
| mkl_fft | 1.1.0 py36h23d | 657b_0 | |
| mkl_random | 1.1.1 py36h057 | 3a6f_0 | |
| more-iterto | 8.4.0 | py_0 | |
| multidict | 4.7.3 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| navigator-u | 0.2.1 | py36_0 | |
| nbconvert | 5.6.1 | py36_0 | |
| nbformat | 5.0.7 | py_0 | |
| ncurses | 6.2 he67 | 10b0_1 | |
| networkx | 2.4 | py_1 | |
| nibabel | 3.1.1 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| notebook | 6.0.3 | py36_0 | |
| numpy | 1.19.1 py36hbc9 | 11f0_0 | |
| numpy-base | 1.19.1 py36hfa3 | 2c7d_0 | |
| olefile | 0.46 | py36_0 | |
| openssl | 1.1.1g h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| packaging | 20.4 | py_0 | |
| pandas | 1.0.5 py36h057 | 3a6f_0 | |
| pandoc | 2.10 | 0 | |
| pandocfilte | 1.4.2 | py36_1 | |
| pango | 1.42.4 h049 | 681c_0 | |
| paramiko | 2.7.1 | py_0 | |
| parso | 0.7.0 | py_0 | |
| patchelf | 0.11 he67 | 10b0_0 | |
| pcre | 8.44 he67 | 10b0_0 | |
| pexpect | 4.8.0 | py36_0 | |
| pickleshare | 0.7.5 | py36_0 | |
| pillow | 7.2.0 py36hb39 | fc2d_0 | |
| pip | 20.1.1 | py36_1 | |
| pixman | 0.40.0 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| pkginfo | 1.5.0.1 | py36_0 | |
| pluggy | 0.13.1 | py36_0 | |
| prettytable | 0.7.2 | py_3 | conda-forge |
| progressbar | 3.37.1 | py36_0 | |
| prometheus_ | 0.8.0 | py_0 | |
| prompt-tool | 3.0.5 | py_0 | |
| protobuf | 3.12.3 py36he67 | 10b0_0 | |
| psutil | 5.7.0 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| ptyprocess | 0.6.0 | py36_0 | |
| py | 1.9.0 | py_0 | |
| py-lief | 0.10.1 py36h403 | a769_0 | |
| pyasn1 | 0.4.8 | py_0 | |
| pyasn1-modu | 0.2.7 | py_0 | |
| pycosat | 0.6.3 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| pycparser | 2.20 | py_2 | |
| pydicom | 2.0.0 pyh9f0 | ad1d_0 | conda-forge |
| pygments | 2.6.1 | py_0 | |
| pygraphviz | 1.3 py36h14c | 3975_1 | |
| pymesh2 | 0.2.1 | py36_0 | conda-forge |
| pynacl | 1.4.0 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| pyopengl | 3.1.1a1 | py36_0 | |
| pyopenssl | 19.1.0 | py_1 | |
| pyparsing | 2.4.7 | py_0 | |
| pyqt | 5.9.2 py36h05f | 1152_2 | |
| pyrsistent | 0.16.0 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| pysftp | 0.2.9 | py_1 | |
| pysocks | 1.7.1 | py36_0 | |
| pytest | 5.4.3 | py36_0 | |
| pytest-runn | 5.2 | py_0 | |
| python | 3.6.10 hcf3 | 2534_1 | |
| python-date | 2.8.1 | py_0 | |
| python-irod | 0.7.0 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| python-liba | 2.9 | py_0 | |
| python-util | 2.3.0 | py36_0 | |
| python_abi | 3.6 1 | _cp36m | conda-forge |
| pytz | 2020.1 | py_0 | |
| pyyaml | 5.3.1 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| pyzmq | 19.0.1 py36he67 | 10b0_1 | |
| qt | 5.9.7 h586 | 7ecd_1 | |
| qtpy | 1.9.0 | py_0 | |
| ratelimiter | 1.2.0 py3 | 6_1000 | conda-forge |
| readline | 8.0 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| requests | 2.24.0 | py_0 | |
| ripgrep | 11.0.2 he32 | d670_0 | |
| rsa | 4.0 | py_0 | |
| rtree | 0.8.3 py36h7b0c | dae_10 | 03 conda-forge |
| ruamel_yaml | 0.15.87 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| s3transfer | 0.1.13 | py36_0 | |
| scipy | 1.5.0 py36h0b6 | 359f_0 | |
| send2trash | 1.5.0 | py36_0 | |
| setuptools | 49.2.0 | py36_0 | |
| sip | 4.19.8 py36hf48 | 4d3e_0 | |
| six | 1.15.0 | py_0 | |
| smmap | 3.0.2 | py_0 | |
| snakemake | 5.3.0 | py36_1 | bioconda |
| snakemake-m | 5.3.0 | py36_1 | bioconda |
| soupsieve | 2.0.1 | py_0 | |
| sphinx_rtd_ | 0.4.3 | py_0 | |
| sqlite | 3.32.3 h62c | 20be_0 | |
| terminado | 0.8.3 | py36_0 | |
| testpath | 0.4.4 | py_0 | |
| tk | 8.6.10 hbc8 | 3047_0 | |
| tornado | 6.0.4 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| tqdm | 4.47.0 | py_0 | |
| traitlets | 4.3.3 | py36_0 | |
| trimesh | 3.7.7 pyh9f0 | ad1d_0 | conda-forge |
| typing_exte | 3.7.4.2 | py_0 | |
| urllib3 | 1.25.9 | py_0 | |
| wcwidth | 0.2.5 | py_0 | |
| webencoding | 0.5.1 | py36_1 | |
| wheel | 0.34.2 | py36_0 | |
| widgetsnbex | 3.5.1 | py36_0 | |
| wrapt | 1.12.1 py36h7b6 | 447c_1 | |
| wxnatpy | 0.3.2 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| wxpython | 4.0.4 py36hc99 | 224d_0 | |
| xmlrunner | 1.7.7 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| xmltodict | 0.12.0 | py_0 | |
| xnat | 0.3.22 | py_0 | conda-forge |
| xz | 5.2.5 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| yaml | 0.2.5 h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| yarl | 1.4.2 py36h7b6 | 447c_0 | |
| zeromq | 4.3.2 he67 | 10b0_2 | |
| zipp | 3.1.0 | py_0 | |
| zlib | 1.2.11 h7b6 | 447c_3 | |
| zstd | 1.4.5 h9ce | ee32_0 |