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在.net桌面程序中自定义鼠标光标

news 来源：原创 2024/4/28 16:14:59

有的时候，一个自定义的鼠标光标能给你的程序增色不少。本文这里介绍一下如何在.net桌面程序中自定义鼠标光标。由于.net的桌面程序分为WinForm和WPF两种，这里分别介绍一下。

WinForm程序

对于WinForm程序，可以通过修改Control.Cursor属性来实现光标的修改，如果我们有光标文件的话，可以直接通过如下代码实现自定义光标：

this.Cursor = new Cursor("myCursor.cur");

但这种方式不是本文介绍的重点，本文主要介绍如何自己绘制光标，这样则具有更多的可控性和灵活性。

创建一个自定义光标，首先需要定义需要一个光标结构 ICONINFO ，它的.net版本如下：

    public struct IconInfo
    {
        public bool fIcon;
        public int xHotspot;
        public int yHotspot;
        public IntPtr hbmMask;
        public IntPtr hbmColor;
    }

然后通过GetIconInfo and CreateIconIndirect两个函数来合成光标。完整代码如下：

 1     public class CursorHelper
 2     {
 3         static class NativeMethods
 4         {
 5             public struct IconInfo
 6             {
 7                 public bool fIcon;
 8                 public int xHotspot;
 9                 public int yHotspot;
10                 public IntPtr hbmMask;
11                 public IntPtr hbmColor;
12             }
13 
14             [DllImport("user32.dll")]
15             public static extern IntPtr CreateIconIndirect(ref IconInfo icon);
16 
17 
18             [DllImport("user32.dll")]
19             [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
20             public static extern bool GetIconInfo(IntPtr hIcon, ref IconInfo pIconInfo);
21         }
22 
23         public static Cursor CreateCursor(Bitmap bmp, int xHotSpot, int yHotSpot)
24         {
25             var icon = new NativeMethods.IconInfo
26             {
27                 xHotspot = xHotSpot,
28                 yHotspot = yHotSpot,
29                 fIcon = false
30             };
31 
32             NativeMethods.GetIconInfo(bmp.GetHicon(), ref icon);
33             return new Cursor(NativeMethods.CreateIconIndirect(ref icon));
34         }
35     }

View Code

测试代码为：

    using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(21, 26))
    using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
    {
        g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, 0, 0, 20, 25);
        this.Cursor = CursorHelper.CreateCursor(bitmap, 3, 3);
    }

WPF程序

至于WPF程序，和WinForm程序是非常类似的，一方面，它也可以通过光标文件来实现写入Cursor属性来自定义光标文件。

至于自己绘制光标，上面的代码基本上也是可以复用的，不过相对的要重新封装一下，完整代码如下：

 1     public class CursorHelper
 2     {
 3         static class NativeMethods
 4         {
 5             public struct IconInfo
 6             {
 7                 public bool fIcon;
 8                 public int xHotspot;
 9                 public int yHotspot;
10                 public IntPtr hbmMask;
11                 public IntPtr hbmColor;
12             }
13 
14             [DllImport("user32.dll")]
15             public static extern SafeIconHandle CreateIconIndirect(ref IconInfo icon);
16 
17             [DllImport("user32.dll")]
18             public static extern bool DestroyIcon(IntPtr hIcon);
19 
20             [DllImport("user32.dll")]
21             [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
22             public static extern bool GetIconInfo(IntPtr hIcon, ref IconInfo pIconInfo);
23         }
24 
25         [SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand, UnmanagedCode = true)]
26         class SafeIconHandle : SafeHandleZeroOrMinusOneIsInvalid
27         {
28             public SafeIconHandle()
29                 : base(true)
30             {
31             }
32 
33             protected override bool ReleaseHandle()
34             {
35                 return NativeMethods.DestroyIcon(handle);
36             }
37         }
38 
39         static Cursor InternalCreateCursor(System.Drawing.Bitmap bitmap, int xHotSpot, int yHotSpot)
40         {
41             var iconInfo = new NativeMethods.IconInfo
42             {
43                 xHotspot = xHotSpot,
44                 yHotspot = yHotSpot,
45                 fIcon = false
46             };
47 
48             NativeMethods.GetIconInfo(bitmap.GetHicon(), ref iconInfo);
49 
50             var cursorHandle = NativeMethods.CreateIconIndirect(ref iconInfo);
51             return CursorInteropHelper.Create(cursorHandle);
52         }
53 
54         public static Cursor CreateCursor(UIElement element, int xHotSpot = 0, int yHotSpot = 0)
55         {
56             element.Measure(new Size(double.PositiveInfinity, double.PositiveInfinity));
57             element.Arrange(new Rect(new Point(), element.DesiredSize));
58 
59             var renderTargetBitmap = new RenderTargetBitmap(
60                 (int)element.DesiredSize.Width, (int)element.DesiredSize.Height,
61                 96, 96, PixelFormats.Pbgra32);
62 
63             renderTargetBitmap.Render(element);
64 
65             var encoder = new PngBitmapEncoder();
66             encoder.Frames.Add(BitmapFrame.Create(renderTargetBitmap));
67 
68             using (var memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
69             {
70                 encoder.Save(memoryStream);
71                 using (var bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(memoryStream))
72                 {
73                     return InternalCreateCursor(bitmap, xHotSpot, yHotSpot);
74                 }
75             }
76         }
77     }