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【Socket】Windows下C语言的Socket编程例子（TCP和UDP）

news 来源：原创 2024/4/29 4:39:10

TCP服务端通信的常规步骤：

使用 socket() 创建 TCP 套接字(socket)
将创建的套接字绑定到一个本地地址和端口上(Bind)
将套接字设为监听模式，准备接收客户端请求(listen)
等待客户请求到来: 当请求到来后，接受连接请求，返回一个对应于此次连接的新的套接字(accept)
用 accept 返回的套接字和客户端进行通信(使用 write() / send() 或 send() / recv() )返回，等待另一个客户请求关闭套接字

TCP客户端通信的常规步骤：

创建套接字(socket)
使用 connect() 建立到达服务器的连接(connect)
客户端进行通信(使用 write() / send() 或 send() / recv() )
使用 close() 关闭客户连接

一。 TCP

server端：

C++ Code

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#include "stdafx.h"#include #include #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{//初始化WSA    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2,2);
    WSADATA wsaData;if(WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData)!=0)
    {return 0;
    }//创建套接字    SOCKET slisten = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);if(slisten == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("socket error !");return 0;
    }//绑定IP和端口    sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(8888);
    sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY; if(bind(slisten, (LPSOCKADDR)&sin, sizeof(sin)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("bind error !");
    }//开始监听    if(listen(slisten, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("listen error !");return 0;
    }//循环接收数据    SOCKET sClient;
    sockaddr_in remoteAddr;int nAddrlen = sizeof(remoteAddr);char revData[255]; while (true)
    {
        printf("等待连接...\n");
        sClient = accept(slisten, (SOCKADDR *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrlen);if(sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
        {
            printf("accept error !");continue;
        }
        printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));//接收数据        int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);        if(ret > 0)
        {
            revData[ret] = 0x00;
            printf(revData);
        }//发送数据        char * sendData = "你好，TCP客户端！\n";
        send(sClient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);
        closesocket(sClient);
    }
    closesocket(slisten);
    WSACleanup();return 0;
}

client端：

C++ Code

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#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>#pragma  comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
    WSADATA data;if(WSAStartup(sockVersion, &data) != 0)
    {return 0;
    }
    SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);if(sclient == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("invalid socket !");return 0;
    }
    sockaddr_in serAddr;
    serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serAddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
    serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");if (connect(sclient, (sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("connect error !");
        closesocket(sclient);return 0;
    }char *sendData = "你好，TCP服务端，我是客户端!\n";
    send(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);char recData[255];int ret = recv(sclient, recData, 255, 0);if(ret > 0)
    {
        recData[ret] = 0x00;
        printf(recData);
    }
    closesocket(sclient);
    WSACleanup();return 0;
}

二.UDP

SERVER 端

C++ Code

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#include "stdafx.h"#include #include #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    WSADATA wsaData;
    WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2,2);if(WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
    {return 0;
    }
    SOCKET serSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP); if(serSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("socket error !");return 0;
    }
    sockaddr_in serAddr;
    serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serAddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
    serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;if(bind(serSocket, (sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("bind error !");
        closesocket(serSocket);return 0;
    }
    sockaddr_in remoteAddr;int nAddrLen = sizeof(remoteAddr); while (true)
    {char recvData[255];  int ret = recvfrom(serSocket, recvData, 255, 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrLen);if (ret > 0)
        {
            recvData[ret] = 0x00;
            printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));
            printf(recvData);
        }char * sendData = "一个来自服务端的UDP数据包\n";
        sendto(serSocket, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, nAddrLen);
    }
    closesocket(serSocket);
    WSACleanup();return 0;
}

C++ Code

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#include "stdafx.h"#include #include #pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    WORD socketVersion = MAKEWORD(2,2);
    WSADATA wsaData; if(WSAStartup(socketVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
    {return 0;
    }
    SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
    sockaddr_in sin;
    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
    sin.sin_port = htons(8888);
    sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");int len = sizeof(sin);char * sendData = "来自客户端的数据包.\n";
    sendto(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&sin, len);char recvData[255];     int ret = recvfrom(sclient, recvData, 255, 0, (sockaddr *)&sin, &len);if(ret > 0)
    {
        recvData[ret] = 0x00;
        printf(recvData);
    }
    closesocket(sclient);
    WSACleanup();return 0;
}