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Springboot整合Shiro+JWT实现认证授权

news 来源：原创 2024/5/8 23:45:42

1.Shiro用来认证用户及权限控制，jwt用来生成一个token令牌，暂存用户信息。令牌存储在客户端，用户每次请求将其放在header中，在每个服务器节点进行验证。

2.导入依赖库：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
	<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
	<version>1.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
	<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
	<version>1.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
	<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
	<version>3.10.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
	<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
	<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
	<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
	<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
	<version>4.4.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>

3.定义密钥和过期时间

这个过程一般在springboot配置文件中进行编辑，然后再注入到Javabean中，维护起来方便。

emos:
  jwt:
    #密钥
    secret: abc123456
    #令牌过期时间（天）
    expire:  5
    #令牌缓存时间（天数）
    cache-expire: 10

4.创建JWT工具类

可以创建一个shiro包，然后再创建类，该类主要方法包括创建token,获得token用户id,验证token

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import cn.hutool.core.date.DateField;
import cn.hutool.core.date.DateUtil;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWT;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWTCreator;
import com.auth0.jwt.JWTVerifier;
import com.auth0.jwt.algorithms.Algorithm;
import com.auth0.jwt.interfaces.DecodedJWT;
import com.example.emos.wx.exception.EmosException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class JwtUtil {

    //密钥
    @Value("${emos.jwt.secret}")
    private String secret;

    //过期时间（天）
    @Value("${emos.jwt.expire}")
    private int expire;

    public String createToken(int userId) {
        Date date = DateUtil.offset(new Date(), DateField.DAY_OF_YEAR, expire).toJdkDate();
        Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret); //创建加密算法对象
        JWTCreator.Builder builder = JWT.create();
        String token = builder.withClaim("userId", userId).withExpiresAt(date).sign(algorithm);
        return token;
    }


    public int getUserId(String token) {
        try {
            DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
            return jwt.getClaim("userId").asInt();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new EmosException("令牌无效");
        }
    }

    public void verifierToken(String token) {
        Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret); //创建加密算法对象
        JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm).build();
        verifier.verify(token);
    }

}

5.把令牌封装成认证对象

因为Shiro框架认证需要用到认证对象，把令牌字符串做简单的封装。客户端提交的token不能直接交给Shiro框架，需要向封装成AuthenticationToken类型的对象。

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;

public class OAuth2Token implements AuthenticationToken {
    private String token;

    public OAuth2Token(String token){
        this.token = token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getPrincipal() {
        return token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getCredentials() {
        return token;
    }
}

6.创建OAuth2Realm类，实现AuthorizingRealm接口

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Set;

@Component
public class OAuth2Realm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    private JwtUtil jwtUtil;


    @Override
    public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
        return token instanceof OAuth2Token;
    }

    /**
     * 授权(验证权限时调用)
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {

        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        //TODO 查询用户的权限列表
        //TODO 把权限列表添加到info对象中
        return info;
    }

    /**
     * 认证(登录时调用)
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
        //TODO 从令牌中获取userId，然后检测该账户是否被冻结。
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo();
        //TODO 往info对象中添加用户信息、Token字符串
        return info;
    }
}

7.刷新令牌如何设计？

一个是采用短令牌和长令牌的双令牌机制；一个是采用redis缓存令牌机制。更常用第二种;

 

 

 8.创建ThreadLocalToken类

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class ThreadLocalToken {
    private ThreadLocal local=new ThreadLocal();

    public void setToken(String token){
        local.set(token);
    }

    public String getToken(){
        return (String) local.get();
    }

    public void clear(){
        local.remove();
    }
}

9.创建OAuth2Filter类

 

emos:
  jwt:
    #密钥
    secret: abc123456
    #令牌过期时间（天）
    expire:  5
    #令牌缓存时间（天数）
    cache-expire: 10

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import com.auth0.jwt.exceptions.JWTDecodeException;
import com.auth0.jwt.exceptions.TokenExpiredException;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.AuthenticatingFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@Component
@Scope("prototype")
public class OAuth2Filter extends AuthenticatingFilter {
    @Autowired
    private ThreadLocalToken threadLocalToken;

    @Value("${emos.jwt.cache-expire}")
    private int cacheExpire;

    @Autowired
    private JwtUtil jwtUtil;
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    /**
	 * 拦截请求之后，用于把令牌字符串封装成令牌对象
	 */
	@Override
    protected AuthenticationToken createToken(ServletRequest request, 
		ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        //获取请求token
        String token = getRequestToken((HttpServletRequest) request);

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
            return null;
        }

        return new OAuth2Token(token);
    }

    /**
	 * 拦截请求，判断请求是否需要被Shiro处理
	 */
    @Override
    protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, 
		ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        // Ajax提交application/json数据的时候，会先发出Options请求
		// 这里要放行Options请求，不需要Shiro处理
		if (req.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
            return true;
        }
		// 除了Options请求之外，所有请求都要被Shiro处理
        return false;
    }

    /**
	 * 该方法用于处理所有应该被Shiro处理的请求
	 */
    @Override
    protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest request, 
		ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;

		resp.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
		//允许跨域请求
        resp.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
        resp.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", req.getHeader("Origin"));

		threadLocalToken.clear();
        //获取请求token，如果token不存在，直接返回401
        String token = getRequestToken((HttpServletRequest) request);
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
            resp.setStatus(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
            resp.getWriter().print("无效的令牌");
            return false;
        }
		
        try {
            jwtUtil.verifierToken(token); //检查令牌是否过期
        } catch (TokenExpiredException e) {
            //客户端令牌过期，查询Redis中是否存在令牌，如果存在令牌就重新生成一个令牌给客户端
            if (redisTemplate.hasKey(token)) {
                redisTemplate.delete(token);//删除令牌
                int userId = jwtUtil.getUserId(token);
                token = jwtUtil.createToken(userId);  //生成新的令牌
                //把新的令牌保存到Redis中
                redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(token, userId + "", cacheExpire, TimeUnit.DAYS);
                //把新令牌绑定到线程
                threadLocalToken.setToken(token);
            } else {
                //如果Redis不存在令牌，让用户重新登录
                resp.setStatus(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
                resp.getWriter().print("令牌已经过期");
                return false;
            }

        } catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
            resp.setStatus(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
            resp.getWriter().print("无效的令牌");
            return false;
        }

        boolean bool = executeLogin(request, response);
        return bool;
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean onLoginFailure(AuthenticationToken token,
		AuthenticationException e, ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse resp = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        resp.setStatus(HttpStatus.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        resp.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
        resp.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", req.getHeader("Origin"));
        try {
            resp.getWriter().print(e.getMessage());
        } catch (IOException exception) {

        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 获取请求头里面的token
     */
    private String getRequestToken(HttpServletRequest httpRequest) {
        //从header中获取token
        String token = httpRequest.getHeader("token");

        //如果header中不存在token，则从参数中获取token
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
            token = httpRequest.getParameter("token");
        }
        return token;

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilterInternal(ServletRequest request, 
		ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);
    }
}

10.创建ShiroConfig类

 

package com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro;

import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {

    @Bean("securityManager")
    public SecurityManager securityManager(OAuth2Realm oAuth2Realm) {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(oAuth2Realm);
        securityManager.setRememberMeManager(null);
        return securityManager;
    }

    @Bean("shiroFilter")
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(SecurityManager securityManager,OAuth2Filter oAuth2Filter) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        shiroFilter.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        //oauth过滤
        Map<String, Filter> filters = new HashMap<>();
        filters.put("oauth2", oAuth2Filter);
        shiroFilter.setFilters(filters);

        Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        filterMap.put("/webjars/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/druid/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/app/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/sys/login", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/swagger/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/v2/api-docs", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/swagger-ui.html", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/swagger-resources/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/captcha.jpg", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/user/register", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/user/login", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/test/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/**", "oauth2");
        shiroFilter.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        return shiroFilter;
    }

    @Bean("lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")
    public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
        return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
    }

    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        advisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return advisor;
    }

}

11.利用aop，把更新的令牌返回给客户端

 

package com.example.emos.wx.aop;

import com.example.emos.wx.common.util.R;
import com.example.emos.wx.config.shiro.ThreadLocalToken;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Aspect
@Component
public class TokenAspect {

    @Autowired
    private ThreadLocalToken threadLocalToken;

    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.example.emos.wx.controller.*.*(..)))")
    public void aspect() {

    }

    @Around("aspect()")
    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
        R r = (R) point.proceed(); //方法执行结果
        String token = threadLocalToken.getToken();
        //如果ThreadLocal中存在Token，说明是更新的Token
        if (token != null) {
            r.put("token", token); //往响应中放置Token
            threadLocalToken.clear();
        }
        return r;
    }
}

12.返回给客户端的异常精简化，进行测试

package com.example.emos.wx.config;

import com.example.emos.wx.exception.EmosException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionAdvice {

    @ResponseBody
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public String validExceptionHandler(Exception e) {
        log.error("执行异常",e);
        if (e instanceof MethodArgumentNotValidException) {
            MethodArgumentNotValidException exception = (MethodArgumentNotValidException) e;
            //将错误信息返回给前台
            return exception.getBindingResult().getFieldError().getDefaultMessage();
        }
        else if(e instanceof EmosException){
            EmosException exception=(EmosException)e;
            return exception.getMsg();
        }
        else if(e instanceof UnauthorizedException){
            return "你不具有相关权限";
        }
        else {
            return "后端执行异常";
        }

    }

}

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