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前言

        本来是想用xawtv来测试摄像头，结果不是很喜欢，然后，就想找一个喜欢的，然后就变成摄像头软件汇总了。

一 在ubuntu虚拟机中查看

拢共分三步

1.先 ls /dev/video*

ls /dev/video*

2. 插入外置摄像头

3.再 ls /dev/video*

多出来的那个videoXXX设备就是摄像头了。

        我使用的是一个外置的USB摄像头，将USB摄像头连接到虚拟机后，使用dmesg命令，会看到usb摄像头被加载过程的信息。

[92462.307190] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd
[92462.726303] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035
[92462.726306] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[92462.726356] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera
[92462.726357] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic
[92462.726358] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001
[92462.857710] media: Linux media interface: v0.10
[92462.994536] Linux video capture interface: v2.00
[92463.096302] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[92463.177813] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)
[92463.185183] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input6
[92463.185506] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo
[92463.185507] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1)
[92469.683588] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 5
[92470.406837] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd
[92470.810353] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035
[92470.810356] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[92470.810357] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera
[92470.810358] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic
[92470.810359] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001
[92470.823773] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)
[92470.833211] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input7
[92478.499868] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 6
[92479.215252] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 7 using xhci_hcd
[92479.614817] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035
[92479.614819] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[92479.614820] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera
[92479.614821] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic
[92479.614821] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001
[92479.623908] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)
[92479.629663] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input8
[92483.057036] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 7
[92483.770509] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 8 using xhci_hcd
[92484.172011] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035
[92484.172013] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[92484.172015] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera
[92484.172016] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic
[92484.172017] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001
[92484.181008] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)
[92484.189816] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input9
[92484.551272] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 8
[92485.262678] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[92485.660855] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1e45, idProduct=3035
[92485.660857] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[92485.660858] usb 3-2: Product: USB Camera
[92485.660859] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Generic
[92485.660859] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: 0001
[92485.670919] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device USB Camera (1e45:3035)
[92485.678017] input: USB Camera: USB Camera as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:15.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/3-2:1.0/input/input10

查看设备名:

$ ls /dev/video* -ls
0 crw-rw----+ 1 root video 81, 0 9月  16 11:55 /dev/video0

当前/dev目录中多出了一个video0设备，主设备号是81，次设备号是0

二 xawtv测试

 点击OK，邮件点击视频窗口，看到Options窗口。

(⊙o⊙)…好像我的需求中不需要窗口

看看帮助信息:

xawtv -h

lkmao@ubuntu:~$ xawtv -h
This is xawtv-3.103, running on Linux/x86_64 (4.15.0-142-generic)

usage: xawtv [ options ] [ station ]
options:
  -h  -help           print this text
  -v  -debug n        debug level n, n = [0..2]
      -remote         assume remote display
  -n  -noconf         don't read the config file
  -m  -nomouse        startup with mouse pointer disabled
  -f  -fullscreen     startup in fullscreen mode
      -(no)dga        enable/disable DGA extension
      -(no)vm         enable/disable VidMode extension
      -(no)randr      enable/disable Xrandr extension
      -(no)xv         enable/disable Xvideo extension altogether
      -(no)xv-video   enable/disable Xvideo extension (for video only,
                      i.e. XvPutVideo() calls)
      -(no)xv-image   enable/disable Xvideo extension (for image scaling
                      only, i.e. XvPutImage() calls)
      -(no)gl         enable/disable OpenGL
      -(no)alsa       enable/disable alsa streaming. Default: enabled
      -(no)alsa-cap   manually specify an alsa capture interface
      -(no)alsa-pb    manually specify an alsa playback interface
      -alsa-latency   manually specify an alsa latency in ms. Default: 30
  -b  -bpp n          color depth of the display is n (n=24,32)
  -o  -outfile file   filename base for snapshots
  -c  -device file    use <file> as video4linux device
  -D  -driver name    use <name> as video4linux driver
  -C  -dspdev file    use <file> as audio (oss) device
      -vbidev file    use <file> as vbi device
      -joydev file    use <file> as joystick device
      -shift x        shift display by x bytes
      -fb             let fb (not X) set up v4l device
      -parallel n     use n compression threads
      -bufcount n     use n video buffers
      -hwscan         print a list of available devices.
station:
  this is one of the stations listed in $HOME/.xawtv

Check the manual page for a more detailed description.

--
Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org>
lkmao@ubuntu:~$ 

使用xawtv扫描系统中的视频设备

xawtv -hwscan

lkmao@ubuntu:~$ xawtv -hwscan
This is xawtv-3.103, running on Linux/x86_64 (4.15.0-142-generic)
looking for available devices
Xlib:  extension "XVideo" missing on display "localhost:10.0".
/dev/video0: OK                         [ -device /dev/video0 ]
    type : libv4l
    name : USB Camera: USB Camera
    flags:  capture

lkmao@ubuntu:~$

三cheese软件

cheese正常的翻译是干酪、乳酪、芝士，拍照的时候翻译成茄子或者七喜。这个好像默认是安装的。没有安装的话，也很简单。

sudo apt-get install cheese

cheese

看一下帮助信息:

lkmao@ubuntu:~$ cheese -h
用法：
  cheese [选项...]

帮助选项：
  -h, --help                 显示帮助选项
  --help-all                 显示全部帮助选项
  --help-gapplication        显示 GApplication 选项
  --help-gtk                 显示 GTK+ 选项

应用程序选项：
  -w, --wide                 以宽屏模式启动
  -d, --device=设备          用作摄像头的设备
  -v, --version              输出版本信息并退出
  -f, --fullscreen           以全屏模式启动
  --display=显示             要使用的 X 显示

lkmao@ubuntu:~$

看一下就好了，再换一个

四 camorama测试

这个没用过，得先安装

sudo apt install camorama

这个东西好像支持FTP远程访问

        下面的尝试不一定成功啊，试一下，将摄像头连接到另一个虚拟机中，取名虚拟机2号，小名虚2。并保证该虚拟机安装了ftp服务器。(⊙o⊙)…，没安装。那就安装吧，过程在本文下面。

在虚1中运行camorama，然后配置FTP，这个时候虚1中已经没有摄像头了，因为连接到虚2上了，打开会报错，如下所示，所以要看看帮助信息

 先在虚1中连接笔记本电脑的摄像头。保证camorama能打开

配置如下所示:

 点击take picture,报错。

 不知道怎么弄了，暂时先换一个软件。 

ubuntu中使用guvcview

 sudo apt install guvcview

直接运行guvcview即可 

mplayer

sudo apt install mencoder

sudo apt install mplayer

运行

$ mplayer 
mplayer: error while loading shared libraries: libfaad.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
$ 

这个没安装成功

$ sudo apt install mencoder
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mencoder : Depends: libfaad2 (>= 2.7) but it is not going to be installed
 mplayer : Depends: libfaad2 (>= 2.7) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
$

五 在ubuntu中测试luvcview

安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install debhelper
sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev
sudo apt-get install libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install pkg-config

下载的0.2.6版本的源码，make会报错，将其中的会报错文件中的

#include <linux/videodev.h>

替换成#include <linux/videodev2.h>

只需要修改三个文件就行了，编译好的源码，在我的下载资源中有。地址：

https://download.csdn.net/download/yueni_zhao/86544123?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

编译完毕后生成luvcview可执行文件

./luvcview 

如果找不到摄像头会出书如下内容:

$ ./luvcview 
luvcview 0.2.6

SDL information:
  Video driver: x11
  A window manager is available
Device information:
  Device path:  /dev/video0
ERROR opening V4L interface: No such file or directory

如果有摄像头，输出如下内容:

$ ./luvcview 
luvcview 0.2.6

SDL information:
  Video driver: x11
  A window manager is available
Device information:
  Device path:  /dev/video0
Stream settings:
  Frame format: MJPG
  Frame size:   640x480
  Frame rate:   30 fps

 在虚拟机中安装FTP服务器

sudo apt-get install vsftpd

lkmao@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd
[sudo] password for lkmao: 
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?
lkmao@ubuntu:~$ 

sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.conf

local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES

sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart

总结