什么是系统工程（字幕）13

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如果不加图

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怎么加

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我们来看一下

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你看

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右键点这个，添加元素

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这里选

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系统工程，SysML

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然后SysML 1.5，块定义

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这里默认就已经是block了

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那我们首先加第一个是什么

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这个

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蒸馏器系统上下文

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直接敲蒸馏器系统

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上下文

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你看，这就多了一个

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对吧

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然后可以继续加

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你看那个界面还在

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对不对

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我们一个一个加，水源，蒸馏器

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水分配系统，热源

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对吧

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水源

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蒸馏器

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水分配系统

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热源

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好

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还有吗

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我看看

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就这几个

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好

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这是这几个结点上那个block了

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也就是说，结点上这个block每个代表一个什么

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代表一个系统

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对吧

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所以这个

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块内部图的抽象级别是在什么级别

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它是系统之间的交互

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好

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这里没了

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那接下来，就来加这个了

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中间这个流动

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这个热、水

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这个

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你看，这后面是类

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这后面是那个类

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或者类元，这是那个

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实例的名字，对吧

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冒号右边是类型

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左边实例

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所以我们是

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先

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加这个类型

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一个水，一个热

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后面什么污水净水呀

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这个是它的那个

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实例的名字

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或者说，角色的名字

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加在哪里

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那这个是放在值类型

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这个包这里

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这里我们可以

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添加两个block，一样的

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跟刚才一样

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你可以不用画图都可以

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添加

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一个是

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水

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一个是热

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好

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这两个有了

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那接下来

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就是要画这个图了

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你看，这个图是什么

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这个蒸馏器系统上下文这个block的什么

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IBD，就是内部块图

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它名字叫

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context，上下文

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这是它的名字

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那我们就来画一下

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你看

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针对这个上下文

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画图嘛

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右键点它

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添加一个这个

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对吧

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添加这个

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图的名字，上下文

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怎么1.4

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我们不要1.4

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我们1.5

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添加

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添加图

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然后呢

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这个

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SysML

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1.5

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这个

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然后改名叫上下文

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好

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你看，对应一下这个

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IBD block 

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蒸馏器系统上下文，上下文

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IBD block，蒸馏器系统上下文

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对吧

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好

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接下来，我们就要来

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把这些

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放上去了

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那这些浏览器里都有了嘛

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对吧

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我们就把它拖上来

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第一个要拖的

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就是那个

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水源

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这里，拖上来

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然后这里选property，表示这是它的一个属性

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它默认就property，属性

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还有其他选项

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先不用管它

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就这个，属性

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实际上这一步

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跟我们在那个

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块定义图里面画那个组合关系

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是一样的

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只不过我们这里没有画那个块定义图组合关系

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如果你画了组合关系

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说我这个上下文组合了一个水源

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那么这个

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上下文这里，你看，这里就出现一个属性嘛

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你看

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你在块定义图里面画一个组合关系

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它也可以起到这个效果

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它也是一个属性

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因为我没有画块定义图嘛

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我们直接在块内部图

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内部块图这里操作了

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所以这里，那这个名字就不要了

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这名字不要

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因为它

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那个图上这里就没有名字嘛

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对吧

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这里没有名字

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左边这个实例名没有

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还有，接下来，下一个就是那个蒸馏器

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也同样不要名字

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还有什么

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水分配系统

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还有操作人员

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那从用例那里拖过来了

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放这里

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还有什么，热源

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还有一个小人是用水人员

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这样

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我们对齐一下

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小一点

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好

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往下一点

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好

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这样来

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那接下来，你看，这里有一个

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多重性

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表示这个属性的多重性

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这个得先

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设置了

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那多重性在哪里设置

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就选中这个

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然后在property这里

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然后往下走

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你看有多重性

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然后这个是多少来着

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一到多，对吧

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所以下限是1

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上限是多

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你看，这就出来了

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这个呢，是多少

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这是0到多

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下限是0

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上限是多

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这样来

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搞小一点

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这个太大了

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下面也是一样

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都搞小一点

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好

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这搞定了

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但是这里有个小人

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这个就搞不定了

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这搞不定

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因为那个

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这里没有小人

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你要小人可以

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你把小人拖上来

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你看怎么做

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如果你不想要这个

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你想要小人呢

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拖上来

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但这里就不要Property了

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这里选实例

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这里

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这样可以

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但是这样可以的话

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这边就没有这个方框了

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所以我们这里，这小人就不管它了

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好

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接下来呢，就是轮到

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各个block之间的那个

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应该说各个属性之间的那个

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关系了

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那个连接

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那这里面的连接，实际上就一个，就是那个

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项，item的这个流，item这个流的关系

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实际上是一种动态的关系

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我有

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水流到你那里

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那这个怎么画

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我们的那个水、热是在哪里

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水、热在这里嘛

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对吧

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然后画过来

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显然这个三角这个，就是哪一个

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就这个

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项流这个，你看怎么画

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选中这个，画过来

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然后添加

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我们是水嘛

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对吧

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确定

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然后这里添加上这个

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好

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这样过来

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我把它过来一点

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有点窄了

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好

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接下来

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但是这个跟我们这个图上不是一致的哦

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图上是说，你看，水是水

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它前面有个说脏水

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也就是说，水

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是一个

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大的类型

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下面又分脏水

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净水

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那这个脏水怎么表达

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不可能说我把水改成冒号

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这不行

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另外一种就是什么

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一种做法是在这上面添加一个污水的

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Block

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它是这个水的一个

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子类

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或者子block，一个泛化关系

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污水去继承这个水

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但这里说的不是继承

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而是说什么，冒号说的是一个实例