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简单几步通过DD工具把云服务器系统Linux改为windows

news 来源：原创 2024/5/20 12:16:46

简单几部通过DD安装其他系统，当服务器的web控制台没有我们要装的系统，就需要通过DD（Linux磁盘）工具来更改系统，（已知支持KVM系统）

本文如何简单的更换系统，不通过web控制台来更换，对于国外服务器不支持的系统，可以进行更换：

一、更新系统（本文以ubuntu为例）

sudo apt update && sudo apt install wget -y

root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/# sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [119 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [110 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [1,377 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main Translation-en [273 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [1,431 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted Translation-en [235 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1,049 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe Translation-en [237 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [42.1 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages [1,161 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main Translation-en [213 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted amd64 Packages [1,401 kB]
Get:14 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted Translation-en [231 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 Packages [842 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe Translation-en [161 kB]
Get:17 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [37.1 kB]
Fetched 8,920 kB in 5s (1,699 kB/s)  
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
155 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/# sudo apt install wget -y
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
wget is already the newest version (1.21.2-2ubuntu1).
wget set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 155 not upgraded.
root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/#

 

二、下载脚本：

wget --no-check-certificate -qO InstallNET.sh 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/leitbogioro/Tools/master/Linux_reinstall/InstallNET.sh' && chmod a+x InstallNET.sh

中国大陆服务器：

wget --no-check-certificate -qO InstallNET.sh 'https://gitee.com/mb9e8j2/Tools/raw/master/Linux_reinstall/InstallNET.sh' && chmod a+x InstallNET.sh

三、快速启动

如果需要添加其他参数，则必须分配特定的发行版名称！

Debian 12 版本

bash InstallNET.sh -debian

KALI版本

bash InstallNET.sh -kali

Alpine Linux Edge

bash InstallNET.sh -alpine

Alpine Linux 是一种轻量级的 Linux 版本，它对那些性能较低的机器很友好，至少需要 256MB 的系统内存。大部分Docker内系统以此为基础搭建系统容器。

CentOS 9 流

bash InstallNET.sh -centos

AlmaLinux 9

bash InstallNET.sh -almalinux

rock Linux 9

bash InstallNET.sh -rockylinux

fedora 39

bash InstallNET.sh -fedora

Ubuntu  22.04

bash InstallNET.sh -ubuntu

适用于工作站的 Windows 11 专业版

bash InstallNET.sh -windows

win10 中文版

bash InstallNET.s

bash InstallNET.sh -windows 10 -lang "cn"

四、安装windows10 中文版

运行：bash InstallNET.sh -windows 10 -lang "cn"

：

然后reboot重启，重启后会自动下载安装，以轻量云为例子，大概50分钟左右。

root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# wget --no-check-certificate -qO InstallNET.sh 'https://gitee.com/mb9e8j2/Tools/raw/master/Linux_reinstall/InstallNET.sh' && chmod a+x InstallNET.sh
root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# bash InstallNET.sh -windows 10 -lang "cn"
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 512 MiB (536866816 bytes)
no label, UUID=c6ba0084-87dc-4457-86f7-8a93222f2ac0
vm.swappiness = 70
Hit:1 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
150 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
lsb-release is already the newest version (11.1.0ubuntu4).
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:crash libsnappy1v5 makedumpfile
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 150 not upgraded.
grep: /etc/yum.repos.d/: No such file or directory
InstallNET.sh: line 1341: yum: command not found
cat: /etc/redhat-release: No such file or directory
cat: /etc/system-release: No such file or directory
InstallNET.sh: line 1358: apk: command not found
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Package 'kdump-tools' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'kexec-tools' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'inetutils-ping' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:crash libsnappy1v5 makedumpfile
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 150 not upgraded.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
cpio is already the newest version (2.13+dfsg-7).
efibootmgr is already the newest version (17-1ubuntu2).
fdisk is already the newest version (2.37.2-4ubuntu3).
iputils-ping is already the newest version (3:20211215-1).
jq is already the newest version (1.6-2.1ubuntu3).
net-tools is already the newest version (1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5).
util-linux is already the newest version (2.37.2-4ubuntu3).
wget is already the newest version (1.21.2-2ubuntu1).
xz-utils is already the newest version (5.2.5-2ubuntu1).
tuned is already the newest version (2.15.0-1).
virt-what is already the newest version (1.21-1).
curl is already the newest version (7.81.0-1ubuntu1.15).
dmidecode is already the newest version (3.3-3ubuntu0.1).
file is already the newest version (1:5.41-3ubuntu0.1).
gzip is already the newest version (1.10-4ubuntu4.1).
openssl is already the newest version (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.14).
dnsutils is already the newest version (1:9.18.18-0ubuntu0.22.04.2).
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:crash libsnappy1v5 makedumpfile
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 150 not upgraded.
InstallNET.sh: line 1420: yum: command not found
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
ping: connect: Network is unreachable
EFI variables are not supported on this system.
ls: cannot access '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access '/sys/firmware/efi/vars/': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access '/sys/firmware/efi/runtime-map/': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access '/sys/firmware/efi/mok-variables/': No such file or directory
find: ‘/boot/efi/EFI/’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/boot/efi/EFI/’: No such file or directory
InstallNET.sh: line 1114: type: grub2-mkconfig: not found# System Memory4095 MB# Virtualization and Manufacturerkvm tencentcloud# Check Dependence[ok]            awk
[ok]            basename
[ok]            cat
[ok]            cpio
[ok]            curl
[ok]            cut
[ok]            dirname
[ok]            file
[ok]            find
[ok]            grep
[ok]            gzip
[ok]            iconv
[ok]            ip
[ok]            lsblk
[ok]            openssl
[ok]            sed
[ok]            wget
find: ‘/proc/5518’: No such file or directory
find: ‘/proc/5523’: No such file or directory# Network Details[Adapter Name]  eth0
[Network File]  /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
[Server Stack]  IPv4Stack[IPv4  Method]  isDHCP
[IPv4 Address]  10.0.8.2
[IPv4  Subnet]  255.255.252.0
[IPv4 Gateway]  10.0.8.1
[IPv4     DNS]  119.29.29.29 223.6.6.6
[IPv4  Amount]  1[IPv6  Method]  N/A
[IPv6 Address]  N/A
[IPv6  Subnet]  N/A
[IPv6 Gateway]  N/A
[IPv6     DNS]  N/A
[IPv6  Amount]  N/A# User TimezoneAsia/Shanghai# HostnameVM-8-2-ubuntu# SSH or RDP Port, Username and Password3389
Administrator
Teddysun.com# Formatting and Installing Drives/dev/vda# Motherboard FirmwareBIOS# Check DISTSuccess# Installation StartingOverwriting Packaged Image Mode Target System [Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC]
https://dl.lamp.sh/vhd/zh-cn_windows10_ltsc.xz[AlpineLinux] [edge] [x86_64] Downloading...
[Mirror] http://mirror.nju.edu.cn/alpine/edge/releases/x86_64/netboot/initramfs-virthttp://mirror.nju.edu.cn/alpine/edge/releases/x86_64/netboot/vmlinuz-virt
46111 blocks# Directory of Grub and Unattended Disposition File/boot/grub/grub.cfg
/tmp/boot/init[Finish] Input 'reboot' to continue the subsequential installation.
root@VM-8-2-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu#

执行reboot重启，此时通过VNC查看服务器下载情况，预计40分钟左右（腾讯轻量云以10MB/S计算）。

经过漫长的等待，已经安装完成（记得在控制台开启3389端口）

对于SSH或者RDP服务默认配置

默认用户名/密码

对于 Linux：root  LeitboGi0ro

对于 Windows：administration  Teddysun.com

默认端口

SSH：22

Windows：3389

远程访问：

好了，系统已经更换完毕

参数详细说明

-debian 7-12：Debian 7 及更高版本
 

-kali rolling/dev/experimental ： Kali Rolling， Development and Experimental， “Kali Rolling” 显然是最推荐的。
 

-centos 7 或 8/9-stream：CentOS 7 及以上版本
 

-alpine 3.16-3.18/edge：Alpine Linux 3.16 及更高版本，为了不断更新到最新版本，显然最推荐使用“edge”。
 

-almalinux/alma 8/9：AlmaLinux 8 及更高版本
 

-rockylinux/rocky 8/9：RockyLinux 8 及更高版本
 

-Fedora 38/39：Fedora 38 及更新的版本
 

-ubuntu 20.04/22.04/24.04（测试，不稳定，请勿在生产环境中安装！
 

-windows 10/11/2012/2016/2019/2022：可选的发行版列表：
 

  • Windows 10 企业版 LTSC 22H2（简体中文和日语），23H2（英语）
  • Windows 11 Pro for Workstation 22H2 简体中文和日语，23H2 英文版
  • Windows 服务器 2012 R2
  • Windows 服务器 2016
  • Windows 服务器 2019
  • Windows 服务器 2022


注意：适用于英语的 Windows 10 和 11 23H2 首选使用 tiny10 和 tiny11 的基础映像，这些映像由 ntdev 开发和优化。

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