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Nginx使用—基础应用

news 来源：原创 2024/5/19 11:07:16

Nginx日志配置

1.mkdir /etc/nginx/logs2.server{listen 80;server_name nrj.test.com;access_log logs/acess-test.log; #正确日志error_log  logs/error-test.log; #错误日志root /www;index index.html;
}

Nginx目录索引

语法：autoindex on | off
默认：autoindex off;
使用模块：hhttp,server,location#autoindex常用参数
autoindex_exact_size off；
默认为on，显示出文字的确切大小，单位是bytes
修改为off，显示出文字的大概大小，单位是kb或者mb或者gbautoindex_localtime on;
默认为off，显示文件时间为GMT时间
修改为on ，显示的文件时间为文件的服务器时间charset utf-8，gbk；
默认中文目录乱码，添加上解决乱码。

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/download.conf
server{listen 80;server_name download.nrj.com; autoindex on; #是否开启autoindex_exact_size off; #是否显示大小autoindex_localtime on; #文件时间charset utf-8; #字符集root /www/download;index index.html; 
}

Nginx状态监控

server{listen 80;server_name nrj.maliao.com;location / {root /www/maliao;index index.html;}location /stub_status {  stub_status on; access_log off;}
}基于ip地址访问控制
server{listen 80;server_name nrj.maliao.com;location / {root /www/maliao;index index.html;}location /stub_status {  stub_status on;access_log off;allow 10.0.0.1; #允许allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; #不允许}
}

Nginx访问控制

基于用户登录的认证
#配置语法
语法: auth_basic string| off;
默认: auth_basic off；
应用模块:http,server,location,limit_except
#用户密码记录配置文件
语法: auth_basic_user_file file;
默认: -
应用模块: http,server,location,limit_excepthttpd-tools
yum install -y httpd-tools
htpasswd -b -c /etc/nginx/auth_conf nrj 123
server{listen 80;server_name nrj.maliao.com;location / {root /www/maliao;index index.html;auth_basic on;auth_basic_user_file auth_conf;}location /stub_status {  stub_status on;access_log off;allow 10.0.0.1;allow 127.0.0.1;deny all;}
}

Nginx虚拟站点

1.基于不同的端口号
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf
server{listen 80;server_name localhost;root /www/test;index index.html;
}
server{listen 81;server_name localhost;root /www/test;index index.html;
}2.基于不同的域名
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf
server{listen 80;server_name maliao.com;root /www/test;index index.html;
}
server{listen 80;server_name test.maliao.com;root /www/test;index index.html;
}
server{listen 80;server_name abc.maliao.com;root /www/test;index index.html;
}3.基于域名的别名
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf
server{listen 80;server_name www.maliao.com maliao.com;root /www/test;index index.html;
}

案例练习

部署nginx web server，要求如下：

1）部署三个站点，需要通过域名访问，有独立的日志 h5game.zjh.com donwload.zjh.com maliao.zjh.com

2）要求每个站点都开启状态监控

3）download开启目录索引

4）download需要通过用户认证才能访问

5）每个站点的状态监控只允许10.0.0.1可以访问

环境准备
1.准备游戏压缩包
[root@web03 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg  h5game.zip  html5-mario.zip2.创建/web目录存放相关文件
mkdir -p /web3.将压缩包解压后移动至/web目录下并在/web目录下创建download目录
unzip h5game.zip 
unzip html5-mario.zip 
mv h5game /web
mv html5-mario /web/maliao
mkdir -p /web/download4.向download目录下放置点资源
cd /web/download5.配置用户认证
htpasswd -bc /etc/nginx/auth_conf zjh 1236.创建独立日志文件目录
mkdir /etc/nginx/logs编写配置文件
1.编写配置文件，将三个虚拟站点写在一起
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server {listen 80;server_name h5game.zjh.com;access_log logs/acess-h5game.log;error_log  logs/error-h5game.log;location /{root /web/h5game;index index.html; }	location /stub_status {  stub_status on;access_log off;allow 10.0.0.1;deny all;}
}
server {listen 80;server_name download.zjh.com;access_log logs/acess-download.log;error_log  logs/error-download.log;location /{auth_basic on;auth_basic_user_file auth_conf;autoindex on;autoindex_exact_size off;autoindex_localtime on;charset utf-8;root /web/download;index index.html;}location /stub_status {  stub_status on;access_log off;allow 10.0.0.1;deny all;}
}
server {listen 80;server_name maliao.zjh.com;access_log logs/acess-maliao.log;error_log  logs/error-maliao.log;location /{root /web/maliao;index index.html; }	location /stub_status {  stub_status on;access_log off;allow 10.0.0.1;deny all;}
}