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Android 调用系统相册、系统相机拍照

news 来源：原创 2024/7/3 11:52:49

Android 调用系统相册、系统相机拍照工具类

第一步(准备工作)：设置文件共享

1.1、指定 FileProvider

新建FileProvider类，名字随意，继承自FileProvider

public class MainFileProvider extends FileProvider {
}

1.2 、清单中添加FileProvider、对应权限

修改AndroidManifest.xml文件

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.example.myapp"><!--如果有多个摄像头默认使用后置摄像头--><uses-featureandroid:name="android.hardware.camera"android:required="false" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /><!--Android10以下申请这个--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><!--Android11(含)以上申请这个--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><application...><providerandroid:name=".MainFileProvider"android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileProvider"android:exported="false"android:grantUriPermissions="true"><meta-dataandroid:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"android:resource="@xml/provider_paths" /></provider>...</application>
</manifest>

1.3、指定可共享的目录

创建xml文件放于路径res/xml目录下,没有xm文件夹就手动创建
provider_paths.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths><!--name: 名称标志字符串，不可以同名！--><!--path: 文件夹“相对路径”，完整路径取决于当前的标签类型。传空，代表你整个对应路径都可以用于共享--><root-pathname="root"path="" /><files-pathname="files"path="." /><cache-pathname="cache"path="." /><external-pathname="external"path="." /><external-files-pathname="external_files"path="." /><!-- 此标签需要 support-v4:25.0.0以上才可以使用--><external-cache-pathname="external_cache"path="." /></paths>

第二步(工具类)：

1.1、工具类代码

PhotoImagePicker.java

/*** 调用系统拍照、系统相册* 使用前请自行进行权限申请* 拍照图片会保存在/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/<应用包名>/files/Pictures*/
public class PhotoImagePicker {private static volatile PhotoImagePicker instance = null;private PhotoPickCallback callback;private static final int PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE = 200;private Uri outputFileUri;//拍照输出的uripublic static PhotoImagePicker getInstance() {if (instance == null) {synchronized (PhotoImagePicker.class) {if (instance == null)instance = new PhotoImagePicker();}}return instance;}/*** 启动照相机(Activity)*/public void startCamera(Activity activity, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(activity.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"));Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, getIntentUri(activity, outputFileUri));activity.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 启动照相机(Fragment)*/public void startCamera(Fragment fragment, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;outputFileUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(fragment.requireContext().getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"));Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, getIntentUri(fragment.requireContext(), outputFileUri));fragment.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 启动图库选择器(Activity)*/public void startGallery(Activity activity, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);intent.setType("image/*");activity.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 启动图库选择器(Fragment)*/public void startGallery(Fragment fragment, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);intent.setType("image/*");fragment.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 启动文件选择器(Activity)*/public void startChooser(Activity activity, String mime, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);intent.setType(mime);activity.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 启动文件选择器(Fragment)*/public void startChooser(Fragment fragment, String mime, PhotoPickCallback callback) {this.callback = callback;Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);intent.setType(mime);fragment.startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE);}/*** 图片选择结果回调，在 {@link Activity#onActivityResult(int, int, Intent)} 中调用*/@SuppressWarnings("JavadocReference")public void onActivityResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {onActivityResultInner(activity, null, requestCode, resultCode, data);}/*** 图片选择结果回调，在 {@link Fragment#onActivityResult(int, int, Intent)} 中调用*/public void onActivityResult(Fragment fragment, int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {onActivityResultInner(null, fragment, requestCode, resultCode, data);}private void onActivityResultInner(Activity activity, Fragment fragment, int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {if (callback != null)callback.onCanceled();return;}Context context;if (activity != null) {context = activity;} elsecontext = fragment.getContext();if (context != null && requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_CHOOSER_REQUEST_CODE) {boolean isCamera = true;if (data != null && data.getData() != null) {String action = data.getAction();isCamera = action != null && action.equals(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);}Uri pickImageUri = isCamera || data.getData() == null ? outputFileUri : data.getData();handlePickImage(context, pickImageUri);}}/*** 选择图片结果回调*/private void handlePickImage(Context context, Uri imageUri) {if (callback != null)callback.onPickImage(handleUri(context, imageUri));outputFileUri = null;}/*** 兼容 Android N，Intent中不能使用 file:///**/private Uri getIntentUri(Context context, @NonNull Uri uri) {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {return FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, context.getApplicationContext().getPackageName() + ".fileProvider", new File(Objects.requireNonNull(uri.getPath())));} elsereturn uri;}/*** 处理返回图片的 uri，content 协议自动转换 file 协议，避免 {@link FileNotFoundException}*/private Uri handleUri(Context context, Uri uri) {String realPath = "";if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {//如果是document类型的Uri，则通过document id处理String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的idString selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;realPath = getRealPathFromUri(context, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.parseLong(docId));realPath = getRealPathFromUri(context, contentUri, null);}} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {//如果是content类型的Uri，则使用普通方式处理realPath = getRealPathFromUri(context, uri, null);} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme()))  //如果是file类型的Uri，直接获取图片路径即可realPath = uri.getPath();if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(realPath))return Uri.fromFile(new File(realPath));elsereturn uri;}/*** 获取文件的真实路径，比如：content://media/external/images/media/74275 的真实路径 file:///storage/sdcard0/Pictures/X.jpg* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20028319/how-to-convert-content-media-external-images-media-y-to-file-storage-sdc*/private String getRealPathFromUri(Context context, Uri uri, String selection) {Cursor cursor = null;try {String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, proj, selection, null, null);if (cursor == null)return "";if (cursor.moveToFirst())return cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));return "";} catch (IllegalStateException e) {return e.getMessage();} finally {if (cursor != null)cursor.close();}}
}

1.2、回调类代码

PhotoPickCallback.java

public interface PhotoPickCallback {/*** 用户取消回调*/void onCanceled();/*** 图片返回回调*/void onPickImage(@Nullable Uri imageUri);
}

第三步(使用)：

调用相机

                            PhotoImagePicker.getInstance().startCamera(this, new PhotoPickCallback() {@Overridepublic void onCanceled() {//用户取消}@Overridepublic void onPickImage(@Nullable Uri imageUri) {//TODO do some things}});

调用相册

              PhotoImagePicker.getInstance().startGallery(this, new PhotoPickCallback() {@Overridepublic void onCanceled() {//用户取消}@Overridepublic void onPickImage(@Nullable Uri imageUri) {//TODO do some things}});

设置回调回传

    @Overridepublic void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);PhotoImagePicker.getInstance().onActivityResult(this, requestCode, resultCode, data);}