nginx配置案例，文件服务器配置，浏览某个目录下所有文件，中文乱码，try_files解释，root和alias区别

配置访问本地文件某个目录

例如浏览器输入localhost/data/ 访问D:\data文件夹,只允许本机访问
location /data/ {
root D:/;
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
}

location /data/ {
alias D:/;
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
}
这样配置的话，浏览器输入localhost/data/ 访问的就是整个D盘，autoindex 默认是off,设置为on的话可以浏览目录，不设置也不影响文件的访问，autoindex_exact_size off 文件的大小显示的就是Kb、Mb

location /nginx/ {
alias D:/softwares/nginx-1.22.1/;
autoindex on;
autoindex_exact_size off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
}
这样配置的话，浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/nginx/, 就会显示D:/softwares/nginx-1.22.1/下的所有目录和文件

location /conf/ {root D:/softwares/datax/;autoindex on;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;
}

这样配置的话，浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/conf/, 就会显示D:/softwares/datax/conf下的所有目录和文件

location /log/ {root D:/softwares/datax/;autoindex off;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;
}

少一个/ 就找不到， 还是比较严格的

这样配置的话，浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/log/, 就会显示 403 Forbidden;

浏览器输入 http://127.0.0.1/log/2021-12-08/s_datax_job_job_json-16_39_11.444.log 就会下载 s_datax_job_job_json-16_39_11.444.log 这个文件

root 和 alias的区别

root，访问的是root+location,alias访问时不会加上location

autoindex 配置

autoindex 默认是off不开启， on的话，浏览区输入的是一个目录，则显示目录下的所有文件和目录

try_files的作用

Checks the existence of files in the specified order and uses the first found file for request processing; the processing is performed in the current context. The path to a file is constructed from the fileparameter according to the root and alias directives. It is possible to check directory’s existence by specifying a slash at the end of a name, e.g. “$uri/”. If none of the files were found, an internal redirect to the uri specified in the last parameter is made

关键点1：按指定的file顺序查找存在的文件，并使用第一个找到的文件进行请求处理

关键点2：查找路径是按照给定的root或alias为根路径来查找的

关键点3：如果给出的file都没有匹配到，则重新请求最后一个参数给定的uri，就是新的location匹配

关键点4：如果是格式2，如果最后一个参数是 = 404 ，若给出的file都没有匹配到，则最后返回404的响应码

location /images/ {root /opt/html/;try_files $uri   $uri/  /images/default.gif;
}

比如 请求 127.0.0.1/images/test.gif 会依次查找 1.文件/opt/html/images/test.gif 2.文件夹 /opt/html/images/test.gif/下的index文件 3. 请求127.0.0.1/images/default.gif

4.其他注意事项
1.try-files 如果不写上 $uri/，当直接访问一个目录路径时，并不会去匹配目录下的索引页 即 访问127.0.0.1/images/ 不会去访问 127.0.0.1/images/index.html

nginx中文乱码

解决措施 服务器配置charset为utf-8

完整配置

http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#access_log  logs/access.log  main;sendfile        on;#tcp_nopush     on;#keepalive_timeout  0;keepalive_timeout  65;#gzip  on;server {listen       80;server_name  localhost;#charset koi8-r;#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;location / {root   html;index  index.html index.htm;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000##location ~ \.php$ {#    root           html;#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;#    fastcgi_index  index.php;#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;#    include        fastcgi_params;#}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}location /data/ {alias D:/;autoindex on;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;}location /nginx/ {alias D:/softwares/nginx-1.22.1/;autoindex on;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;}location /conf/ {root D:/softwares/datax/;autoindex on;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;}location /log/ {root D:/softwares/datax/;autoindex off;autoindex_exact_size off;allow 127.0.0.1;}}# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration##server {#    listen       8000;#    listen       somename:8080;#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}# HTTPS server##server {#    listen       443 ssl;#    server_name  localhost;#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}}