Ubuntu 22.04 源码下载、编译
Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel - Ubuntu Wiki
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel
一、查询当前系统内核版本
root@ubuntu22:~# uname -r
5.15.0-118-generic二、查询本地软件包数据库中的内核源码信息
root@ubuntu22:~# apt search linux-source
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
linux-source/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 5.15.0.119.119 all [installed]Linux kernel source with Ubuntu patcheslinux-source-5.15.0/jammy-updates,jammy-security,now 5.15.0-119.129 all [installed,automatic]Linux kernel source for version 5.15.0 with Ubuntu patcheslinux-source-5.19.0/jammy-updates,jammy-security 5.19.0-50.50 allLinux kernel source for version 5.19.0 with Ubuntu patcheslinux-source-6.2.0/jammy-updates,jammy-security 6.2.0-39.40~22.04.1 allLinux kernel source for version 6.2.0 with Ubuntu patcheslinux-source-6.5.0/jammy-updates 6.5.0-45.45~22.04.1 allLinux kernel source for version 6.5.0 with Ubuntu patches三、源码下载
1、apt source
将内核源码下载到当前目录并自动解压，提供了更完整的源代码包，包括 Ubuntu 特定的修改。
（1）apt source linux
安装仓库中最新可用的内核源代码版本。
linux总是可用的，指向最新通用版本。
（2）apt source linux-image-$(uname -r)
获取与当前运行的内核版本完全匹配的源代码，通常只包含必要的文件。
并非所有版本在仓库中都有完全匹配的源代码。
（3）apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r) （适用于开发）
获取未签名的内核包，适合开发和测试。并非所有版本在仓库中都有完全匹配的源代码。
2、apt install
将内核源码下载到/usr/src目录，安装的是一个"原始"的源代码包，可能需要额外的步骤来应用 Ubuntu 特定的补丁。
（1）apt install linux-source
安装仓库中最新可用的内核源代码版本
linux-source 包总是可用的，指向最新版本
（2）apt install linux-source-<version>
安装指定版本的内核源代码
并非所有版本都有对应的 linux-source-<version> 包
5.15.0-118-generic，version=5.15.0，将下载 5.15 系列的通用源码。
如要精确匹配 5.15.0-118-generic 版本，需要额外下载 Ubuntu 特定的补丁。
3、apt下载源码
（1）apt source linux
root@ubuntu22:~# apt source linux
Reading package lists... Done
NOTICE: 'linux' packaging is maintained in the 'Git' version control system at:
git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammy
Please use:
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammy
to retrieve the latest (possibly unreleased) updates to the package.
eed to get 206 MB of source archives.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (dsc) [7,799 B]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (tar) [195 MB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (diff) [10.5 MB]
Fetched 206 MB in 49s (4,168 kB/s)
dpkg-source: info: extracting linux in linux-5.15.0
dpkg-source: info: unpacking linux_5.15.0.orig.tar.gz
dpkg-source: info: applying linux_5.15.0-121.131.diff.gzroot@ubuntu22:~# ll
total 200708
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:32 ./
drwx------ 6 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:23 ../
drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:32 linux-5.15.0/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10533549 Aug 12 13:17 linux_5.15.0-121.131.diff.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7799 Aug 12 13:17 linux_5.15.0-121.131.dsc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194969557 Nov 18 2021 linux_5.15.0.orig.tar.gzroot@ubuntu22:~# cat linux-5.15.0/Makefile
...
VERSION = 5
PATCHLEVEL = 15
SUBLEVEL = 163
EXTRAVERSION =
NAME = Trick or Treat
...（2）apt source linux-image-$(uname -r)
root@ubuntu22:~# apt source linux-image-$(uname -r)
Reading package lists... Done
Picking 'linux-signed' as source package instead of 'linux-image-5.15.0-118-generic'
Need to get 26.4 kB of source archives.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux-signed 5.15.0-121.131 (dsc) [2,370 B]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux-signed 5.15.0-121.131 (tar) [24.1 kB]
Fetched 26.4 kB in 1s (51.3 kB/s)
dpkg-source: info: extracting linux-signed in linux-signed-5.15.0
dpkg-source: info: unpacking linux-signed_5.15.0-121.131.tar.xzroot@ubuntu22:~# ll
total 40
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:49 ./
drwx------ 6 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:44 ../
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 27 13:50 linux-signed-5.15.0/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2370 Aug 12 13:17 linux-signed_5.15.0-121.131.dsc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24076 Aug 12 13:17 linux-signed_5.15.0-121.131.tar.xzroot@ubuntu22:~# ll linux-signed-5.15.0/
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 27 13:50 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 13 06:49 ../
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Aug 9 08:16 debian/
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6988 May 23 15:13 download-signed*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 450 May 23 15:13 download-unsigned*root@ubuntu22:~# ll linux-signed-5.15.0/debian/
total 180
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Aug 9 08:16 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 27 13:50 ../
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 1 13:01 ancillary/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 121300 Aug 9 08:16 changelog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2 Apr 25 14:35 compat
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1949 Aug 9 08:16 control
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 277 Aug 6 13:11 control.stub
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1456 Nov 14 2023 copyright
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 163 Aug 6 13:11 package.config
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5693 Aug 6 13:11 rules*
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 6 13:11 scripts/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 Aug 6 13:11 signed-version
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 14 2023 source/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 6 13:11 templates/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21 Aug 9 07:41 tracking-bug（3）apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)
root@ubuntu22:~# apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)
Reading package lists... Done
Picking 'linux' as source package instead of 'linux-image-unsigned-5.15.0-118-generic'
NOTICE: 'linux' packaging is maintained in the 'Git' version control system at:
git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammy
Please use:
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammy
to retrieve the latest (possibly unreleased) updates to the package.
Need to get 206 MB of source archives.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (dsc) [7,799 B]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (tar) [195 MB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main linux 5.15.0-121.131 (diff) [10.5 MB]
Fetched 206 MB in 2min 21s (1,455 kB/s)
dpkg-source: info: extracting linux in linux-5.15.0
dpkg-source: info: unpacking linux_5.15.0.orig.tar.gz
dpkg-source: info: applying linux_5.15.0-121.131.diff.gz（4）apt install linux-source
# cd /usr/src# ll
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 ./
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Aug 9 2022 ../
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118-generic/# apt install linux-source
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:linux-source-5.15.0
Suggested packages:libncurses-dev | ncurses-dev kernel-package libqt3-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:linux-source linux-source-5.15.0
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 112 not upgraded.
Need to get 153 MB of archives.
After this operation, 161 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 linux-source-5.15.0 all 5.15.0-121.131 [153 MB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 linux-source all 5.15.0.121.121 [2,310 B]
Fetched 153 MB in 1min 23s (1,834 kB/s)# ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 ./
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Aug 9 2022 ../
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118-generic/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 linux-source-5.15.0/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 47 Aug 9 08:15 linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz2 -> linux-source-5.15.0/linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz2# ll linux-source-5.15.0
total 149944
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 ./
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 ../
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 debian/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 13 03:45 debian.master/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 153523863 Aug 9 08:15 linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz2（5）apt install linux-source-5.15.0
# apt install linux-source-5.15.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:libncurses-dev | ncurses-dev kernel-package libqt3-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:linux-source-5.15.0
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 112 not upgraded.
Need to get 153 MB of archives.
After this operation, 161 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 linux-source-5.15.0 all 5.15.0-121.131 [153 MB]
Fetched 153 MB in 1min 4s (2,401 kB/s) # ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 ./
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Aug 9 2022 ../
drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 20 08:12 linux-headers-5.15.0-118-generic/
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 linux-source-5.15.0/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 47 Aug 9 08:15 linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz2 -> linux-source-5.15.0/linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz2c# ll linux-source-5.15.0
total 149944
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 ./
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 ../
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 debian/
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 13 07:29 debian.master/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 153523863 Aug 9 08:15 linux-source-5.15.0.tar.bz24、launchpad下载源码 （适用于开发）
Ubuntu 官方使用的代码托管和协作平台，可以浏览下载 Ubuntu 内核源码
https://code.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux
ubuntu22.04
git clone https://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammygit tag
最接近5.15.0-118-generic的版本为 Ubuntu-5.15.0-118.128
git checkout Ubuntu-5.15.0-118.128
只clone指定标签的最新代码（无其它标签）（有没有single-branch参数结果都一样）
git clone --branch Ubuntu-5.15.0-118.128 --depth 1 --single-branch https://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/jammy5、Ubuntu内核官方git库
https://kernel.ubuntu.com/git/
实际下载地址 code.launchpad.net
四、编译
1、构建环境
安装一些软件包。
$ sudo apt build-dep linux linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)可能还需要以下附加包，依赖于具体的系统版本。
sudo apt install libncurses-dev gawk flex bison openssl libssl-dev dkms libelf-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libiberty-dev autoconf llvm2、下载源码
本文使用 apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r) 下载源码
$ apt source linux-image-unsigned-$(uname -r)$ ll
total 200712
drwxrwxr-x 3 zhang zhang 4096 Sep 21 05:55 ./
drwxr-x--- 8 zhang zhang 4096 Sep 21 05:52 ../
drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Sep 21 05:55 linux-5.15.0/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10538925 Sep 16 20:13 linux_5.15.0-122.132.diff.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7799 Sep 16 20:13 linux_5.15.0-122.132.dsc
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194969557 Nov 18 2021 linux_5.15.0.orig.tar.gz$ head -n 5 linux-5.15.0/Makefile
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
VERSION = 5
PATCHLEVEL = 15
SUBLEVEL = 163
EXTRAVERSION =
3、修改配置
$ chmod a+x debian/rules
$ chmod a+x debian/scripts/*
$ chmod a+x debian/scripts/misc/*
$ fakeroot debian/rules clean
$ # you need to go through each (Y, Exit, Y, Exit..) or get a complaint about config later
$ fakeroot debian/rules editconfigs问题： fakeroot debian/rules editconfigs 报错： FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/tmp.f7cP7kt5Xl/arm64-config.flavour.generic' 解决： TODO（不执行editconfigs命令，直接下一步构建内核，也能构建成功）
4、构建内核
$ fakeroot debian/rules clean$ # quicker build:
$ fakeroot debian/rules binary-headers binary-generic binary-perarch$ # if you need linux-tools or lowlatency kernel, run instead:
$ fakeroot debian/rules binary5、安装内核
$ sudo dpkg -i linux*5.15.0-122.132*.deb
$ sudo reboot6、构建包含调式符号的内核
$ sudo apt install pkg-config-dbgsym
$ fakeroot debian/rules clean
$ fakeroot debian/rules binary-headers binary-generic binary-perarch skipdbg=false