1. 安装必要的软件
sudo apt-get install ctags cscope python-dev build-essential
2. 升级vim到7.4
方法一：手动编译
(1) 卸载原有的Vim
sudo apt-get remove vim vim-tiny vim-common vim-runtime gvim vim-gui-common
(2)编译安装vim74
hg clone https://vim.googlecode.com/hg/ vim cd vim ./configure --with-features=huge \ --enable-rubyinterp=yes \ --enable-pythoninterp=yes \ --enable-python3interp=yes \ --enable-perlinterp=yes \ --enable-luainterp=yes \ --enable-gui=gtk2 --enable-cscope --prefix=/usr make VIMRUNTIMEDIR=/usr/share/vim/vim74 make install
方法二： 手动添加PPA(Personal Package Archives)
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nmi/vim-snapshots sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install vim
3. 安装vim管理插件 pathogen
参见 http://www.cnblogs.com/gtarcoder/p/4632325.html
4. 安装vim插件 nerdtree, nerdtree-tabs, powerline, conslas-powerline-vim, vim-colors-solarized
cd ~/.vim/bundle git clone http://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree.git #安装nerdtree git clone https://github.com/jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs.git #安装nerdtree-tabs git clone https://github.com/eugeii/consolas-powerline-vim.git #安装powerline git clone git://github.com/altercation/vim-colors-solarized.git #安装vim-colors-solarized
5. 安装自动补全 youcompleteme
(1) 下载youcompleteme
git clone https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe.git
git submodule update --init --recursive
(2) 编译安装youcompleteme
cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe ./install --clang-completer #对c/c++语言进行支持
正常来说,YCM会去下载clang的包，如果已经有，也可以用系统--system-libclang。
步骤（2）是使用脚本进行自动编译安装ycm对c语言的支持，也可以下载clang的源码，编译，如下所示
$: cd ~ $: mkdir ycm_build $: cd ycm_build $: cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" . ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/cpp $: cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" -DPATH_TO_LLVM_ROOT=/usr/clang_3_3/ . ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party_ycmd/cpp $: make ycm_core $: cp /usr/clang_3_3/lib/libclang.so ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/python/libclang.so #这一步是为了使用新的libcang.so $: cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe .vim/bunble/YouCompleteMe$: ./install.sh --clang-completer
（3）修改配置文件 ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/cpp/ycm/.ycm_extra_conf.py
# This file is NOT licensed under the GPLv3, which is the license for the rest # of YouCompleteMe. # # Here's the license text for this file: # # This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain. # # Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or # distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled # binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any # means. # # In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors # of this software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the # software to the public domain. We make this dedication for the benefit # of the public at large and to the detriment of our heirs and # successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of # relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to this # software under copyright law. # # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, # EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF # MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. # IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR # OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, # ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR # OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. # # For more information, please refer to <http://unlicense.org/> import os import ycm_core # These are the compilation flags that will be used in case there's no # compilation database set (by default, one is not set). # CHANGE THIS LIST OF FLAGS. YES, THIS IS THE DROID YOU HAVE BEEN LOOKING FOR. flags = [ '-Wall', '-Wextra', #'-Werror', #'-Wc++98-compat', '-Wno-long-long', '-Wno-variadic-macros', '-fexceptions', '-stdlib=libc++', # THIS IS IMPORTANT! Without a "-std=<something>" flag, clang won't know which # language to use when compiling headers. So it will guess. Badly. So C++ # headers will be compiled as C headers. You don't want that so ALWAYS specify # a "-std=<something>". # For a C project, you would set this to something like 'c99' instead of # 'c++11'. '-std=c++11', # ...and the same thing goes for the magic -x option which specifies the # language that the files to be compiled are written in. This is mostly # relevant for c++ headers. # For a C project, you would set this to 'c' instead of 'c++'. '-x', 'c++', '-I', '.', '-isystem', '/usr/include', '-isystem', '/usr/local/include', '-isystem', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include', '-isystem', '/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/../lib/c++/v1', ] # Set this to the absolute path to the folder (NOT the file!) containing the # compile_commands.json file to use that instead of 'flags'. See here for # more details: http://clang.llvm.org/docs/JSONCompilationDatabase.html # # Most projects will NOT need to set this to anything; you can just change the # 'flags' list of compilation flags. Notice that YCM itself uses that approach. compilation_database_folder = '' if os.path.exists( compilation_database_folder ): database = ycm_core.CompilationDatabase( compilation_database_folder ) else: database = None SOURCE_EXTENSIONS = [ '.cpp', '.cxx', '.cc', '.c', '.m', '.mm' ] def DirectoryOfThisScript(): return os.path.dirname( os.path.abspath( __file__ ) ) def MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute( flags, working_directory ): if not working_directory: return list( flags ) new_flags = [] make_next_absolute = False path_flags = [ '-isystem', '-I', '-iquote', '--sysroot=' ] for flag in flags: new_flag = flag if make_next_absolute: make_next_absolute = False if not flag.startswith( '/' ): new_flag = os.path.join( working_directory, flag ) for path_flag in path_flags: if flag == path_flag: make_next_absolute = True break if flag.startswith( path_flag ): path = flag[ len( path_flag ): ] new_flag = path_flag + os.path.join( working_directory, path ) break if new_flag: new_flags.append( new_flag ) return new_flags def IsHeaderFile( filename ): extension = os.path.splitext( filename )[ 1 ] return extension in [ '.h', '.hxx', '.hpp', '.hh' ] def GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename ): # The compilation_commands.json file generated by CMake does not have entries # for header files. So we do our best by asking the db for flags for a # corresponding source file, if any. If one exists, the flags for that file # should be good enough. if IsHeaderFile( filename ): basename = os.path.splitext( filename )[ 0 ] for extension in SOURCE_EXTENSIONS: replacement_file = basename + extension if os.path.exists( replacement_file ): compilation_info = database.GetCompilationInfoForFile( replacement_file ) if compilation_info.compiler_flags_: return compilation_info return None return database.GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename ) def FlagsForFile( filename, **kwargs ): if database: # Bear in mind that compilation_info.compiler_flags_ does NOT return a # python list, but a "list-like" StringVec object compilation_info = GetCompilationInfoForFile( filename ) if not compilation_info: return None final_flags = MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute( compilation_info.compiler_flags_, compilation_info.compiler_working_dir_ ) # NOTE: This is just for YouCompleteMe; it's highly likely that your project # does NOT need to remove the stdlib flag. DO NOT USE THIS IN YOUR # ycm_extra_conf IF YOU'RE NOT 100% SURE YOU NEED IT. #try: # final_flags.remove( '-stdlib=libc++' ) #except ValueError: # pass else: relative_to = DirectoryOfThisScript() final_flags = MakeRelativePathsInFlagsAbsolute( flags, relative_to ) return { 'flags': final_flags, 'do_cache': True }
5. 修改配置文件 ~/.vimrc
"---------------------------------- pathogen 设置------------------------- "pathogen插件用于管理其他vim插件，安装其他插件时候，可以直接解压覆盖到 .vim 目录下的 autoload, plugin， doc目录； "也可以安装完pathogen之后（会在autoload目录下有一个pathogen.vim，同时在.vim 下创建 bundles目录）进入 bundles目录， "执行 git clone xxxx 到bundles目录，利用 pathogen进行安装 execute pathogen#infect() execute pathogen#helptags() "定义快捷键的前缀，前缀类似于命令空间，避免多个相同的快捷键冲突 "如 c, <header> c, <header><header> c 是三个不同的快捷键 let mapleader=";" "----------------------------------基本配置------------------------------ "关闭兼容模式 set nocompatible "文件类型检测，可以针对不同类型的文件加载不同的插件 filetype on "根据侦测的文件类型，加载相应的插件 filetype plugin on "vim 自身命令行 模式自动补全 set wildmenu "设置语法高亮 if has("syntax") syntax on endif "高亮光标所在的行 set cul "用浅色高亮当前行 autocmd InsertEnter * se cul "设置行间隔 set linespace=0 "设置退格键可用 set backspace=2 "设置匹配模式，显示匹配的括号 set showmatch "整词换行 set linebreak "设置光标可以从行首或行末换到另一行去 set whichwrap=b,s,<,>,[,] "设置使用鼠标 set mouse=a "set mouse= "显示行号 set number "标志预览窗口 set previewwindow "设置历史记录条数 set history=50 "设置自动写回文件 "自动把内容写回文件: 如文件被修改过，在每个 :next、:rewind、:last、:first、:previous、:stop、:suspend、:tag、:!、:make、CTRL-] " 和 CTRL-^命令时进行；用 :buffer、CTRL-O、CTRL-I、'{A-Z0-9} 或 `{A-Z0-9} 命令转到别的文件时亦然。 set autowrite "记住上次打开文件的位置，重新打开时自动跳转到上次编辑的位置 set viminfo='10,\"100,:20,%,n~/.viminfo au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0|if line("'\"") <= line("$")|exe("norm '\"")|else|exe "norm $"|endif|endif "---------------------------------配色方案------------------------------ syntax enable syntax on "设置背景色 set background=dark "vim 配色方案 "colorscheme solarized colorscheme desert set t_Co=256 "设置字体 set guifont=Consolas:h11 "---------------------------------设置宽度（tab等）---- "设置tab宽度 set tabstop=4 "设置软tab宽度，软tab，用空格代替tab set softtabstop=4 "自动缩进的宽度 set shiftwidth=4 "----------------------------------设置对齐和缩进-------- "设置自动对齐，（和上一行） "set autoindent "智能对齐 set smartindent "使用c/c++语言的自动缩进方式 set cindent "设置c/c++语言的具体缩进方式 set cinoptions={0,1s,t0,n-2,p2s,(03s,=.5s,>1s,=1s,:1s "不要用空格代替制表符 set expandtab "在行和段开始处使用制表符 set smarttab "-----------------------------------文件生成---------------------- "去掉输入错误的提示声音 set noeb "在处理未保存或只读文件的时候，弹出确认 set confirm "禁止生成临时文件 set nobackup set noswapfile "------------------------------------状态行设置----------------- "0 不显示状态行，1 当多于一个窗口时显示最后一个窗口的状态行，2 总是显示最后一个窗口的状态行 set laststatus=2 "显示标尺，用于显示光标位置处的行号和列号。每个窗口都有自己的标尺，如果窗口有状态行，则显示在状态行，否则显示在最后一行 set ruler "命令行设置 "命令行显示输入的命令 set showcmd "命令行显示当前vim的模式 set showmode "--------------------------------------查找设置-------------------------------- "输入字符串就显示匹配点 set incsearch "高亮显示查找结果 set hlsearch "开启实时搜索功能 set incsearch "搜索时大小写不敏感 set ignorecase "--------------------------------------多窗口设置------------------------------ "打开一个新的标签页，然后ctags查找并在新的标签页面中显示当前光标处的变量或函数 nmap <C-\> :tab split<CR>:exec("tag ".expand("<cword>"))<CR> autocmd filetype go nmap <C-\> :tab split<CR>:exec("GoDef ".expand("<cword>")) "nmap <F3> :vsp<CR>:exec("tag ".expand("<cword>"))<CR> nmap <S-Left> :tabprevious<CR> nmap <S-Right> :tabnext<CR> "快捷键依次遍历子窗口 nnoremap nw <C-W><C-W> "跳转至右方的窗口 nnoremap <Leader>l <C-W>l "跳转至左方的窗口 nnoremap <Leader>j <C-W>h "跳转至上方的窗口 nnoremap <Leader>i <C-W>k "跳转至下方的窗口 nnoremap <Leader>k <C-W>j "-------------------------------------设置多终端之间的拷贝------------------- "visual 模式下，xw 复制选中的区域， 到另一个终端下，xr粘贴 if has("unix") nmap xr :r $HOME/.vimxfer<CR> nmap xw :'a,.w! $HOME/.vimxfer<CR> vmap xr c<esc>:r $HOME/.vimxfer<CR> vmap xw :w! $HOME/.vimxfer<CR> else nmap xr :r c:/.vimxfer<CR> nmap xw :'a,.w! c:/.vimxfer<CR> vmap xr c<esc>:r c:/.vimxfer<cr> vmap xw :w! c:/.vimxfer<CR> endif "-------------------------------------ctags设置---------------------------- "按下F2重新生成tag文件，并更新taglist map <F2> :!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q .<CR><CR>:TlistUpdate<CR> imap <F2> <ESC>:!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q .<CR><CR>:TlistUpdate<CR> set tags=tags set tags+=./tags "add current directory's generated tags file set tags+=/usr/include/c++/tags "---------------------------------------taglist 设置 ----------------------- "因为我们放在环境变量里，所以可以直接执行 let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd='ctags' "让窗口显示在右边，0的话就是显示在左边 let Tlist_Use_Right_Window=1 "让taglist可以同时展示多个文件的函数列表 let Tlist_Show_One_File=1 "非当前文件，函数列表折叠隐藏 let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close=1 "当taglist是最后一个分割窗口时，自动退出vim let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow=1 "是否一直处理tags.1:处理;0:不处理 let Tlist_Process_File_Always=1 "实时更新tags let Tlist_Inc_Winwidth=0 "---------------------------------------- cscope 设置--------------------------------- "if has("cscope") " set csprg=/usr/bin/cscope " 指定用来执行cscope的命令 " set csto=0 " 设置cstag命令查找次序：0先找cscope数据库再找标签文件；1先找标签文件再找cscope数据库 " set cst " 同时搜索cscope数据库和标签文件 " set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e- " 使用QuickFix窗口来显示cscope查找结果 " set nocsverb " if filereadable("cscope.out") " 若当前目录下存在cscope数据库，添加该数据库到vim " cs add cscope.out " elseif $CSCOPE_DB != "" " 否则只要环境变量CSCOPE_DB不为空，则添加其指定的数据库到vim " cs add $CSCOPE_DB " endif " set csverb "endif "map <F4> :cs add ./cscope.out .<CR><CR><CR> :cs reset<CR> "imap <F4> <ESC>:cs add ./cscope.out .<CR><CR><CR> :cs reset<CR> " 将:cs find " c等Cscope查找命令映射为<C-_>c等快捷键（按法是先按Ctrl+Shift+-,然后很快再按下c） "nmap <C-_>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR> "nmap <C-_>i :cs find i <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR><CR> "--------------------------------------cscope 设置 2 -------------------------- function! InitCsTag() execute "!ctags -R --languages=C++ --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q ./" if(executable("cscope") && has("cscope") ) if(has('win32')) silent! execute "!dir /b *.c,*.cpp,*.h,*.java,*.cs >> cscope.files" else silent! execute "!find . -name '*.h' -o -name '*.c' -o -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.inl' -o -name '*.m' -o -name '*.mm' -o -name '*.java' -o -name '*.py' -o -name '*.html' -o -name '*.php' -o -name '*.js' > cscope.files" endif silent! execute "!cscope -b" silent! execute "cs kill -1" if filereadable("cscope.out") execute "cs add cscope.out" endif endif echohl StatusLine | echo "C/C++ cscope tag updated" | echohl None endf function! UpdateCsTag() silent! execute "!cscope -b" silent! execute "cs reset" endf if has("cscope") set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e- set csto=0 set cst set csverb endif "nnoremap <F11> :call UpdateCsTag() nnoremap <F9> :call InitCsTag()<CR><CR><CR><CR> nmap <F10> :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <Leader><F10> :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR> nmap <F11> :cp<cr> nmap <F12> :cn<cr> "--------------------------------------------------nerdtree 设置------------------------------------- let NERDChristmasTree=1 let NERDTreeAutoCenter=1 let NERDTreeBookmarksFile=$VIM.'/Data/NerdBookmarks.txt' let NERDTreeMouseMode=2 let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1 let NERDTreeShowFiles=1 let NERDTreeShowHidden=1 let NERDTreeShowLineNumbers=1 let NERDTreeWinPos='left' let NERDTreeWinSize=31 "autocmd VimEnter * NERDTreeTabs "当打开vim且没有文件时自动打开NERDTree autocmd vimenter * if !argc() | NERDTree | endif " 只剩 NERDTree时自动关闭 autocmd bufenter * if (winnr("$") == 1 && exists("b:NERDTreeType") && b:NERDTreeType == "primary") | q | endif "map <F3> :NERDTreeMirror<CR> "map <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<CR> map <F3> :NERDTreeTabsToggle<CR> "----------------------------------------------------powerline 设置----------------------------------- set guifont=PowerlineSymbols\ for\ Powerline set t_Co=256 let g:Powerline_symbols = 'fancy' "防止出现乱码 let Powerline_symbols = 'compatible' set encoding=utf8 "----------------------------------------------------代码折叠设置------------------------------- " 用语法高亮来定义折叠 set foldmethod=syntax " 启动vim时不要自动折叠代码 set foldlevel=100 " 设置折叠栏宽度 set foldcolumn=5 "----------------------------------------------------quickfix设置------------------------- " 按下F8，执行make clean map <F8> :make clean<CR><CR><CR> " 按下F7，执行make编译程序，并打开quickfix窗口，显示编译信息 map <F7> :make<CR><CR><CR> :copen<CR><CR> " 按下F5，光标移到上一个错误所在的行 map <F5> :cp<CR> " 按下F6，光标移到下一个错误所在的行 map <F6> :cn<CR> "以下的映射是使上面的快捷键在插入模式下也能用 imap <F8> <ESC>:make clean<CR><CR><CR> imap <F7> <ESC>:make<CR><CR><CR> :copen<CR><CR> imap <F5> <ESC>:cp<CR> imap <F6> <ESC>:cn<CR> "----------------------------------syntastic settings---------------------- let g:syntastic_check_on_open = 1 let g:syntastic_cpp_include_dirs = ['/usr/include/'] let g:syntastic_cpp_remove_include_errors = 1 let g:syntastic_cpp_check_header = 1 let g:syntastic_cpp_compiler = 'clang++' "set error or warning signs "let g:syntastic_error_symbol = 'x' "let g:syntastic_warning_symbol = '!' ""whether to show balloons let g:syntastic_enable_balloons = 1 "----------------------------------YCM settings------------------------------ let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf = '~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/cpp/ycm/.ycm_extra_conf.py' let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tags_files = 1 let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax = 1 let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf = 0 let g:ycm_error_symbol = '>>' let g:ycm_warning_symbol = '>*' nnoremap <leader>gl :YcmCompleter GoToDeclaration<CR> nnoremap <leader>gf :YcmCompleter GoToDefinition<CR> nnoremap <leader>gg :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR> "nmap <F4> :YcmDiags<CR> "----------------------------------------------------快捷键设置--------------------------- "<F1> gnome 终端手册 "更新ctags文件 "map <F2> :!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q .<CR><CR>:TlistUpdate<CR> "更新cscope文件 "nnoremap <F12> :call InitCsTag() "显示或关闭nerdtree "map <F3> :NERDTreeTabsToggle<CR> " "按下F5，光标移到上一个错误所在的行 "map <F5> :cp<CR> "按下F6，光标移到下一个错误所在的行 "map <F6> :cn<CR> "按下F7，执行make编译程序，并打开quickfix窗口，显示编译信息 "map <F7> :make<CR><CR><CR> :copen<CR><CR> " "按下F8，执行make clean "map <F8> :make clean<CR><CR><CR> " "生成cscope数据库 "nnoremap <F9> :call InitCsTag() "cscope 查找，在当前标签页面显示 "nmap <F10> :cs find s "cscope 查找，在新标签页面显示可能的结果 "nmap <Leader><F10> :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR> "cscope前一个查找结果 "nmap <F11> :cp<cr> "cscope后一个查找结果 "nmap <F12> :cn<cr> " "前一个tab页面 "nmap <S-L> :tabprevious<CR> "后一个tab页面 "nmap <S-R> :tabnext<CR> "快捷键依次遍历子窗口 "nnoremap nw <C-W><C-W> "跳转至右方的窗口 "nnoremap <Leader>l <C-W>l "跳转至左方的窗口 "nnoremap <Leader>j <C-W>h "跳转至上方的窗口 "nnoremap <Leader>i <C-W>k "跳转至下方的窗口 "nnoremap <Leader>k <C-W>j "------------------------------------------ "在ubuntu下需要安装vim-gnome来支持系统剪贴板 " "将文本块复制到系统剪贴板 vnoremap <Leader>y "+y "系统粘贴板内容粘贴至vim nmap <Leader>p "+p "-----------------------------------------