原题目见 [算法]方正面试题：N×N矩阵螺旋打印输出
本人毕业刚一年，属于OO方面的新手，以下代码纯属练习。先说下我的思路：按照下右上左的顺序对列表进行循环，一直走到不能走。比如对于1所在的位置（0，0），它可以向下走，可以向右走，按照“下右上左”的方式就是向下走到4所在的位置。
一、建一个实体类，用于存放数字左边，是否可以上下左右移动等信息。
NumberEntity
public class NumberEntity 
{
private bool hasDown = false; public bool HasDown
{ get { if (x + 1 < y_sum) return true; return false;
} set { hasDown = value; } } private bool hasUp = false; public bool HasUp { get { if (x - 1 >= 0) return true; return false; } set { hasUp = value; } } private bool hasLeft = false; public bool HasLeft { get { if (y - 1 >= 0) return true; return false; } set { hasLeft = value; } } private bool hasRight = false; public bool HasRight { get { if (y + 1 < x_sum) return true; return false; } set { hasRight = value; } } private int x = 0; public int X { get { return x; } set { x = value; } } private int y = 0; public int Y { get { return y; } set { y = value; } } private int value = 0; public int Value { get { return this.value; } set { this.value = value; } } private bool isPrint = false; public bool IsPrint { get { return isPrint; } set { isPrint = value; } } private int x_sum = 0; private int y_sum = 0; public NumberEntity(int x, int y,int sum ,int value) { this.x = x; this.y = y; this.x_sum = this.y_sum = sum; this.value = value; }
}
二、建一个实体维护类
EntityManager
public class EntityManager { private Dictionary<string, NumberEntity> entities = new Dictionary<string, NumberEntity>(); public void Add(NumberEntity entity) { entities.Add(entity.X.ToString() + entity.Y.ToString(), entity); } /**//// <summary> /// 根据坐标获得实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="y"></param> /// <returns></returns> public NumberEntity GetEntity(int x, int y) { if (!entities.ContainsKey(x.ToString() + y.ToString())) return null; return entities[x.ToString() + y.ToString()]; } /**//// <summary> /// 更新一个数字实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity"></param> public void Update(NumberEntity entity) { entities[entity.X.ToString() + entity.Y.ToString()] = entity; } /**//// <summary> /// 获得下一个可用的数字实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="entity"></param> /// <returns></returns> public NumberEntity GetNext(NumberEntity entity) { if (entity.HasDown) { NumberEntity nextEntity = GetEntity(entity.X+1, entity.Y); if (!nextEntity.IsPrint) { return nextEntity; } } if (entity.HasRight) { NumberEntity nextEntity = GetEntity(entity.X, entity.Y+1); if (!nextEntity.IsPrint) { return nextEntity; } } if (entity.HasUp) { NumberEntity nextEntity = GetEntity(entity.X-1, entity.Y); if (!nextEntity.IsPrint) { return nextEntity; } } if (entity.HasLeft) { NumberEntity nextEntity = GetEntity(entity.X, entity.Y-1); if (!nextEntity.IsPrint) { return nextEntity; } } return null; } }
三、建一个执行类
Process
public class Process { private List<int> result = new List<int>(); /**//// <summary> /// 按照下右上左顺序依次循环，走到最后一个不能走的数字为止 /// </summary> /// <param name="numbers"></param> /// <returns></returns> public List<int> GetResult(NumberEntity entity) { result.Add(entity.Value); entity.IsPrint = true; entityManger.Update(entity); NumberEntity next = entityManger.GetNext(entity); if (next == null) return result; else return GetResult(next); } private EntityManager entityManger = new EntityManager(); public Process(EntityManager entitymanager) { this.entityManger = entitymanager; } }
四、测试程序
Test
static void Main(string[] args) { EntityManager manager = new EntityManager(); int k = 1; for (int x = 0; x < 3; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < 3; y++) { manager.Add(new NumberEntity(x, y,3, k++)); } } Process process = new Process(manager); List<int> result = new List<int>(); result = process.GetResult(new NumberEntity(0, 0,3, 1)); foreach (int r in result) { Console.Write(r.ToString()); } Console.Read(); }