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Material Design之TextInputLayout使用示例

news 来源：原创 2024/5/20 21:42:52

Google在2015的IO大会上，给我们带来了更加详细的Material Design设计规范，同时，也给我们带来了全新的Android Design Support Library，在这个support库里面，Google给我们提供了更加规范的MD设计风格的控件。最重要的是，Android Design Support Library的兼容性更广，直接可以向下兼容到Android 2.2。这不得不说是一个良心之作。

效果图：

在项目的build.gradle文件中，添加下面的依赖(dependencies)，并同步工程。

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dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.0'
}

dependencies {
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.0'
}

布局文件：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2.<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
3.              android:layout_width="match_parent"  
4.              android:layout_height="match_parent"  
5.              android:orientation="vertical">  
6.  
7.    <android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout  
8.        android:layout_width="match_parent"  
9.        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
10.        android:id="@+id/usernameWrapper"  
11.        android:layout_marginTop="32dp"  
12.        android:focusable="true"  
13.        android:focusableInTouchMode="true">  
14.        <EditText  
15.            android:layout_width="match_parent"  
16.            android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
17.            android:inputType="textEmailAddress"  
18.            android:hint="请输入账号"  
19.            android:ems="10"  
20.            android:id="@+id/username" />  
21.    </android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>  
22.  
23.  
24.    <android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout  
25.        android:layout_width="match_parent"  
26.        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
27.        android:id="@+id/passwordWrapper">  
28.        <EditText  
29.            android:inputType="textPassword"  
30.            android:id="@+id/password"  
31.            android:hint="请输入密码"  
32.            android:layout_width="match_parent"  
33.            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>  
34.    </android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout>  
35.  
36.    <Button  
37.        android:onClick="login"  
38.        android:layout_marginTop="16dp"  
39.        android:layout_width="match_parent"  
40.        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
41.        android:layout_gravity="right"  
42.        android:text="登录"  
43.        android:id="@+id/login"  
44.        android:textColor="#009999"/>  
45.</LinearLayout>

如果布局这样设置了，运行起来没有动画效果的话，那么需要在Activity中初始化了，我是没有遇到过这个问题。

TextInputLayout另一个很赞的功能是，可以处理错误情况。通过验证用户输入，你可以防止用户输入错误的邮箱，或者输入不符合规则的密码。
有些输入验证，验证是在后台做得，产生错误后会反馈给前台，最后展示给用户。非常耗时而且用户体验差。最好的办法是在请求后台前做校验。

假设是验证邮箱账号，验证邮箱稍微有些复杂，我们可以用Apache Commons library 来做这个事。我这里用一个维基百科里的正则表达式。

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private static final String EMAIL_PATTERN = "^[a-zA-Z0-9#_~!$&‘()*+,;=:.\"(),:;<>@\\[\\]\\\\]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$";
private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(EMAIL_PATTERN);
private Matcher matcher;
//判断账号的格式，这里是邮箱的格式
public boolean validateEmail(String email) {
matcher = pattern.matcher(email);
return matcher.matches();
}

1  private static final String EMAIL_PATTERN = "^[a-zA-Z0-9#_~!$&‘()*+,;=:.\"(),:;<>@\\[\\]\\\\]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$";
2     private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(EMAIL_PATTERN);
3     private Matcher matcher;
4 
5     //判断账号的格式，这里是邮箱的格式
6     public boolean validateEmail(String email) {
7         matcher = pattern.matcher(email);
8         return matcher.matches();
9     }

全部代码：

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  1 package com.zhangli.mylayout;  
  2 2.  
  3 3.import android.content.Context;  
  4 4.import android.os.Bundle;  
  5 5.import android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout;  
  6 6.import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;  
  7 7.import android.view.View;  
  8 8.import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;  
  9 9.import android.widget.Toast;  
 10 10.  
 11 11.import java.util.regex.Matcher;  
 12 12.import java.util.regex.Pattern;  
 13 13.  
 14 14.public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity  {  
 15 15.  
 16 16.    private TextInputLayout usernameWrapper;  
 17 17.    private TextInputLayout passwordWrapper;  
 18 18.  
 19 19.    @Override  
 20 20.    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
 21 21.        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
 22 22.        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
 23 23.  
 24 24.        usernameWrapper= (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.usernameWrapper);  
 25 25.        passwordWrapper= (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.passwordWrapper);  
 26 26.  
 27 27.    }  
 28 28.  
 29 29.    public void login(View v){  
 30 30.        hideKeyboard();  
 31 31.        String username = usernameWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString();  
 32 32.        String password = passwordWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString();  
 33 33.  
 34 34.        if (!validateEmail(username)) {  
 35 35.            usernameWrapper.setError("账号格式不正确");  
 36 36.        }else if (!validatePassword(password)) {  
 37 37.            passwordWrapper.setError("密码不能小于6位数");  
 38 38.        }else{  
 39 39.            doLogin();  
 40 40.        }  
 41 41.    }  
 42 42.  
 43 43.    //让键盘弹回去  
 44 44.    private void hideKeyboard() {  
 45 45.        View view = getCurrentFocus();  
 46 46.        if (view != null) {  
 47 47.            ((InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE)).  
 48 48.                    hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);  
 49 49.        }  
 50 50.    }  
 51 51.  
 52 52.    private static final String EMAIL_PATTERN = "^[a-zA-Z0-9#_~!$&‘()*+,;=:.\"(),:;<>@\\[\\]\\\\]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$";  
 53 53.    private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(EMAIL_PATTERN);  
 54 54.    private Matcher matcher;  
 55 55.  
 56 56.    //判断账号的格式，这里是邮箱的格式  
 57 57.    public boolean validateEmail(String email) {  
 58 58.        matcher = pattern.matcher(email);  
 59 59.        return matcher.matches();  
 60 60.    }  
 61 61.  
 62 62.    //密码长度要大于5  
 63 63.    public boolean validatePassword(String password) {  
 64 64.        return password.getBytes().length>5;  
 65 65.    }  
 66 66.  
 67 67.    public void doLogin() {  
 68 68.        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "登陆成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
 69 69.    }  
 70 70.}  
 71 package com.zhangli.mylayout;
 72 
 73 import android.content.Context;
 74 import android.os.Bundle;
 75 import android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout;
 76 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 77 import android.view.View;
 78 import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
 79 import android.widget.Toast;
 80 
 81 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 82 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 83 
 84 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity  {
 85 
 86     private TextInputLayout usernameWrapper;
 87     private TextInputLayout passwordWrapper;
 88 
 89     @Override
 90     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
 91         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 92         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 93 
 94         usernameWrapper= (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.usernameWrapper);
 95         passwordWrapper= (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.passwordWrapper);
 96 
 97     }
 98 
 99     public void login(View v){
100         hideKeyboard();
101         String username = usernameWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString();
102         String password = passwordWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString();
103 
104         if (!validateEmail(username)) {
105             usernameWrapper.setError("账号格式不正确");
106         }else if (!validatePassword(password)) {
107             passwordWrapper.setError("密码不能小于6位数");
108         }else{
109             doLogin();
110         }
111     }
112 
113     //让键盘弹回去
114     private void hideKeyboard() {
115         View view = getCurrentFocus();
116         if (view != null) {
117             ((InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE)).
118                     hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS);
119         }
120     }
121 
122     private static final String EMAIL_PATTERN = "^[a-zA-Z0-9#_~!$&‘()*+,;=:.\"(),:;<>@\\[\\]\\\\]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*$";
123     private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(EMAIL_PATTERN);
124     private Matcher matcher;
125 
126     //判断账号的格式，这里是邮箱的格式
127     public boolean validateEmail(String email) {
128         matcher = pattern.matcher(email);
129         return matcher.matches();
130     }
131 
132     //密码长度要大于5
133     public boolean validatePassword(String password) {
134         return password.getBytes().length>5;
135     }
136 
137     public void doLogin() {
138         Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "登陆成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
139     }
140 }