/*=================== 导入/导出 Excel 的基本方法 ===================*/
从Excel文件中,导入数据到SQL数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:
/*========================================================*/
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp " exec weberp.dbo.DailyCash_Excel @PayAccount=null,@StartDate=null,@EndDate=null,@TrackStation=null" queryout "C:\authors.xls" -c -S "(local)" -U "sa" -P "password"'
--如果接受数据导入的表已经存在
insert into 表 select * from
OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:test.xls',sheet1$)
--如果导入数据并生成表
select * into 表 from
OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:test.xls',sheet1$)
/*========================================================*/
--如果从SQL数据库中,导出数据到Excel,如果Excel文件已经存在,而且已经按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就可以简单的用:
insert into OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:test.xls',sheet1$)
select * from 表
--如果Excel文件不存在,也可以用BCP来导成类Excel的文件,注意大小写:
--导出表的情况
EXEC master..XP_cmdshell 'bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out "c:test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"'
--导出查询的情况
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout "c:test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"'
/*--说明:
c:test.xls 为导入/导出的Excel文件名.
sheet1$ 为Excel文件的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.
--*/
/*--数据导出EXCEL
导出表中的数据到Excel,如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件,如果表不存在,将自动创建表
调用示例
ExportToExcel @tbname='test',@path='c:\',@fname='test.xls'
--*/
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[ExportToExcel]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[ExportToExcel]
GO
create proc ExportToExcel
@Pac , --要导出的表名,注意只能是表名/视图名
@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录
@fname nvarchar(250)='' --文件名,默认为表名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--参数检测
if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname=@tbname+'.xls'
--检查文件是否已经存在
if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--数据库创建语句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN=TT;READONLY=FALSE'
+';CREATE_DB='+@sql+';DBQ='+@sql
else
set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'
+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'
--连接数据库
print @constr
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err<>0 goto lberr
--创建表的SQL
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @fdlist=@fdlist+','+a.name
,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '
+case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then
'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')'
when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int'
when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime'
when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money'
else b.name end
FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql='create table ['+@tbname
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
print @sql
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err<>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--导入数据
set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES
;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])'
exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname)
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go
CREATE PROC SqlToExcel
(
@Path varchar(100),--文件存放路径
@Fname varchar(100),--文件名字
@SheetName varchar(80),---工作表名字
@SqlStr varchar(8000)--查询语句,如果查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent,注意,如果导出表/视图,用上面的存储过程
)
AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
declare @sql varchar(8000)
declare @obj int--OLE对象
declare @constr varchar(8000)
declare @err int
declare @out int
declare @fdlist varchar(8000)
declare @tbname sysname--临时表
declare @Src nvarchar(200)
declare @Desc nvarchar(200)
set @tbname='##tmp_'+convert(varchar(38),newid())
exec('select * into ['+@tbname +'] from '+'('+@sqlStr+') A')
select @fdlist = ''
set @sql= @path+@fname
set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'
+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql
--生成Excel的列
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql+','+'['+a.name+'] '+ case when b.name like '%char' then case when a.length >255 then 'memo' else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' end
when b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int'
when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime'
when b.name like '%money' then 'money'
when b.name like '%text' then 'memo'
else b.name
end,
@fdlist = @fdlist+','+'['+a.name+']'
from tempdb..syscolumns a join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype = b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and id in(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name = @tbname) order by colorder
if @@rowcount=0 return
set @fdlist = substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
--连接数据库
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err <> 0 goto lberror
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err <> 0 goto lberror
--创建工作薄
select @sql='create table ['+@sheetname
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql--@sql为excute方法提供参数
if @err <> 0 goto lberror
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--导入数据
set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES
;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@sheetname+'$])'
--print @sql
exec ('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from ['+@tbname+']')
exec('drop table ['+@tbname+']')
return
lberror:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号
,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
GO