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python常用的几个操作（读数据库、读ini、写日志）

news 来源：原创 2024/5/4 4:18:27

1.python读数据库

（1）mogondb

引入包：from pymongo import MongoClient

创建对象：conn = MongoClient("192.168.2.77", 27017);

注：ip需要和mongod.cfg文件的对应

from pymongo import MongoClient
conn = MongoClient("127.0.0.1", 27017);
db = conn.test
dev = db.mydb;
for x in dev.find():
	print(x)

如果数据库test是变量，则应该这样写：db = conn[db_name]

（2）sqlserver

引入包：import pymssql

import pymssql
conn = pymssql.connect("127.0.0.1", "sa", "123456", "mydb");
cursor = conn.cursor()
creatTime = datetime.datetime.now()
time_str = creatTime.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
sql = "INSERT INTO table XXXXXXX"
cursor.execute(sql)  # 执行sql语句	
conn.commit()
# 关闭连接
conn.close()

2.读ini文件

引入包：import configparser

读取int值用getint

import configparser
cf = configparser.ConfigParser()
cf.read("config.ini")
db_name = cf.get("mongodb", "db_name")
db_host = cf.get("mongodb", "db_ip")
db_port = cf.getint("mongodb", "db_port")
sqldb_name = cf.get("sqlserver", "db_name")
sqldb_ip = cf.get("sqlserver", "db_ip")
sqldb_port = cf.getint("sqlserver", "db_port")
sqldb_usr = cf.get("sqlserver", "db_usr")
sqldb_pssawd = cf.get("sqlserver", "db_pssawd")

config.ini文件

[mongodb]
db_name = test
db_ip = 127.0.0.1
db_port = 27017
[sqlserver]
db_name = mydb
db_ip = 127.0.0.1
db_port = 1433
db_usr = sa
db_pssawd = 123456

3.解析xml文件

引入包：

from xml.dom.minidom import parse
import xml.dom.minidom

from xml.dom.minidom import parse
import xml.dom.minidom
DOMTree = xml.dom.minidom.parse("test.xml")
collection = DOMTree.documentElement
#if collection.hasAttribute("shelf"):
nodes= collection.getElementsByTagName("node")
# 打印每台设备的详细信息
for d in nodes:
	# print ("*****node*****")
    if d.hasAttribute("id"):
	print ("ID: %s" % d.getAttribute("id"))
    name = d.getElementsByTagName('name')[0]
    print ("Name: %s" % name.childNodes[0].data)
    ip = d.getElementsByTagName('ip')[0]
    print ("IP: %s" % ip.childNodes[0].data)

4.写日志

引入包：

import logging

import logging
# 日志
LOG_FORMAT = "%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(filename='my.log', level=logging.DEBUG, format=LOG_FORMAT)
'''
logging.debug("This is a debug log.")
logging.info("This is a info log.")
logging.warning("This is a warning log.")
logging.error("This is a error log.")
logging.critical("This is a critical log.")
'''