CF712E Memory and Casinos

设\(f[i]\)为从\(i\)到\(r+1\)且不走出区间的概率

\(f[i]=p[i]f[i+1]+(1-p[i])f[i-1]\)

\(f[i]-f[i-1]=p[i](f[i+1]-f[i-1])\)

\(f[r+1]=1,f[l-1]=0\)

\(g[i]=f[i]-f[i-1]\)

\(g[i]=p[i](g[i+1]+g[i])\)

\(g[i+1]=\frac{1-p[i]}{p[i]} g[i]\)

\(\sum_{i=l}^{r+1} g[i]=f[r+1]-f[l-1]=1\)

\(lis[l][r]=\sum_{i=l}^{r} \prod_{j=l}^i \frac{1-p[j]}{p[j]}\)

\(f[l]=g[l]=\frac{1}{lis[l][r]+1}\)

线段树维护前缀积、前缀和即可

#include"cstdio"
#include"cstring"
#include"iostream"
#include"algorithm"
using namespace std;

const int MAXN=1<<17;

int n,m;
int ik[MAXN];
double sum[2][MAXN<<1];
struct rpg{double a,b;};

int read()
{
    int x=0;char ch=getchar();
    while(ch<'0'||'9'<ch) ch=getchar();
    while('0'<=ch&&ch<='9') x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+(ch^48),ch=getchar();
    return x;
}

void build(int k,int l,int r)
{
    if(l==r){ik[l]=k;return;}
    int i=k<<1,mid=l+r>>1;
    build(i,l,mid),build(i|1,mid+1,r);
    return;
}

void cchg(int k,double v)
{
    sum[0][k]=sum[1][k]=v;k>>=1;
    while(k){
        int i=k<<1;
        sum[0][k]=sum[0][i]*sum[0][i|1];
        sum[1][k]=sum[1][i]+sum[0][i]*sum[1][i|1];
        k>>=1;
    }return;
}

rpg cask(int k,int l,int r,int le,int ri)
{
    if(le<=l&&r<=ri) return (rpg){sum[0][k],sum[1][k]};
    int i=k<<1,mid=l+r>>1;
    if(le<=mid&&mid<ri){
        rpg sum=cask(i,l,mid,le,ri),tmp=cask(i|1,mid+1,r,le,ri);
        sum.b+=sum.a*tmp.b;
        sum.a*=tmp.a;
        return sum;
    }if(le<=mid) return cask(i,l,mid,le,ri);
    return cask(i|1,mid+1,r,le,ri);
}

int main()
{
    n=read();m=read();
    build(1,1,n);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i){
        int a=read(),b=read();
        double f=1.0*a/b;
        cchg(ik[i],(1.0-f)/f);
    }while(m--){
        int p=read();
        if(p==1){int k=read(),a=read(),b=read();double f=1.0*a/b;cchg(ik[k],(1.0-f)/f);}
        else{int l=read(),r=read();printf("%.10lf\n",1.0/(cask(1,1,n,l,r).b+1));}
    }return 0;
}