安卓使用HttpURLConnection与服务器的交互(Kotlin)
1.查询(get):调用的时候记得开线程
GET一般用于获取/查询资源信息
val sb = StringBuffer()
try {
val url = URL(url)
val conn = url.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
conn.requestMethod = "GET"
conn.connectTimeout = 5000
val code = conn.responseCode
if (code == 200) {
val `is` = conn.inputStream
val b = ByteArray(1024)
var len: Int
while (`is`.read(b).also { len = it } != -1) {
sb.append(String(b, 0, len, Charset.forName("UTF-8")))
}
`is`.close()
conn.disconnect()
Log.e("TAG","sb==${sb.toString()}")
} else {
Log.e("TAG","code==${code.toString()}")
}
} catch (var1: Exception) {
Log.e("TAG","Exception==${var1.message}")
}2.改(post):
post向指定资源提交数据进行处理请求（提交表单、上传文件），又可能导致新的资源的建立或原有资源的修改。
val sb = StringBuffer()
object : Thread() {
override fun run() {
super.run()
try {
val url = URL(urlPath)
val conn = url.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
conn.doOutput = true
conn.requestMethod = "POST"
conn.connectTimeout = 5000
conn.doInput = true
conn.useCaches = false
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive")
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8")
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8")
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "application/json")
conn.setRequestProperty("appid", mAPP_ID)
conn.setRequestProperty("ts", time)
conn.setRequestProperty("sign", sign)
Log.e(TAG, "Json:$Json")
if (Json != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(Json)) {
val writebytes = Json.toByteArray()
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", writebytes.size.toString())
val outwritestream = conn.outputStream
outwritestream.write(Json.toByteArray())
outwritestream.flush()
outwritestream.close()
}
val code = conn.responseCode
if (code == 200) {
val `is` = conn.inputStream
val b = ByteArray(1024)
var len: Int
while (`is`.read(b).also { len = it } != -1) {
sb.append(String(b, 0, len, Charset.forName("UTF-8")))
}
`is`.close()
conn.disconnect()
Log.w(TAG, "TXPost sb====$sb")
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "TXPost code====$code")
}
} catch (var1: Exception) {
Log.w(TAG, "TXPost Exception====$var1")
}
}
}.start()- 设置请求头:
1.基本headers 这四句一般没有特殊需求的话,都是需要的
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive")
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8")
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8")
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "application/json")
2.特殊headers 这些是客户端与服务通信服务器所需的headers
conn.setRequestProperty("appid", mAPP_ID)
conn.setRequestProperty("ts", time)
conn.setRequestProperty("sign", sign)
- Headers:
HTTP是“Hypertext Transfer Protocol”的所写，整个万维网都在使用这种协议，几乎你在浏览器里看到的大部分内容都是通过http协议来传输的.
HTTP Headers是HTTP请求和相应的核心，它承载了关于客户端浏览器，请求页面，服务器等相关的信息.
- 设置body(请求内容)
if (Json != null && !TextUtils.isEmpty(Json)) {
val writebytes = Json.toByteArray()
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", writebytes.size.toString())
val outwritestream = conn.outputStream
outwritestream.write(Json.toByteArray())
outwritestream.flush()
outwritestream.close()
}有时候开发的时候你能看到一个名叫token的东西,这个玩意是后台自定义的东西,有时候可以放在请求头,有时候可以放在body里面,具体可以看协议
3.增(PUT):
PUT：这个方法比较少见。HTML表单也不支持这个。本质上来讲， PUT和POST极为相似，都是向服务器发送数据，但它们之间有一个重要区别，PUT通常指定了资源的存放位置，而POST则没有，POST的数据存放位置由服务器自己决定。
val url = URL(urlPath)
val connection = url.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
val outputStream = connection.outputStream
val inputStream = FileInputStream(file)
object : Thread() {
override fun run() {
super.run()
try {
connection.doOutput = true
connection.useCaches = false
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8")
connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "keep-alive")
connection.setRequestProperty(
"Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data;boundary=fengexian===="
)
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json")
connection.connect()
val bytes = ByteArray(
getFileOrFilesSize(file.absolutePath).toInt()
)
var length: Int
while (inputStream.read(bytes).also { length = it } != -1) {
outputStream.write(bytes, 0, length)
}
outputStream.flush()
val response = connection.inputStream
val reader = InputStreamReader(response)
while (reader.read() != -1) {
String(bytes, Charset.forName("UTF-8"))
}
if (connection.responseCode == 200) {
Log.w("TAG", "connection===${connection.responseMessage}")
} else {
Log.w("TAG", "responseCode===${connection.responseCode}")
}
} catch (var13: IOException) {
Log.w("TAG", "IOException===${var13.message}")
} finally {
try {
outputStream.close()
inputStream.close()
connection.disconnect()
} catch (var12: IOException) {
var12.printStackTrace()
}
}
}
}.start()4.删(DELETE请求):
DELETE：删除某一个资源。基本上这个也很少见,我只在像亚马逊s3之类的服务器见过!
val sb = StringBuffer()
var uri: URL? = null
var con: HttpURLConnection? = null
try {
uri = URL(url)
con = uri.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
con.requestMethod = "DELETE"
con.doOutput = true
con.doInput = true
con.connectTimeout = 60000 //60 secs
con.readTimeout = 60000 //60 secs
val code = con.responseCode
if (code == 200) {
val `is` = con.inputStream
val b = ByteArray(1024)
var len: Int
while (`is`.read(b).also { len = it } != -1) {
sb.append(String(b, 0, len, Charset.forName("UTF-8")))
}
`is`.close()
con.disconnect()
Log.w("TAG", "sb===${sb}")
} else {
Log.w("TAG", "code===${code}")
}
} catch (e: Exception) {
Log.w("TAG", "Exception===${e.message}")
}