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pyhon使用http代理服务器和POP3、SMTP邮件服务器

news 来源：原创 2024/5/10 12:36:33

python标准库已包含对http的支持，通过很简单的办法就可以直接使用http代理服务器获取网页数据：

import httplib

host,port = "192.168.131.54" , "8086" #http proxy server ip and port

url = " http://blog.csdn.net "

conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host, port)

conn.request(method,url)

print(r.status,r.reason)

printr.read()

python自带的库文件python/lib/poplib.py支持通过pop3接收邮件

该文件末尾自带测试函数，可以直接运行poplib.py：

poplib pop.126.com yourname yourpassword

值得学习的是，在python的库文件中，很多都是自带测试程序，一般在文件末尾，形式如下：

if __name__ == "__main__":
a = POP3("10.3.4.3","3128")
print ="this is a test"

这样，直接运行库文件就可以看到测试效果，同时也不干扰正常的import使用。

如果需要通过代理来访问pop，则需要做一点额外的工作，简单起见，直接在poplib.py上面修改，首先复制一份到自己的工作目录，然后修改 class POP3 的 __init__函数：

def __init__(self, host, port = POP3_PORT):
self.host ="10.3.4.3"
self.port ="3128"
msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
self.sock = None

for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
try:
self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
self.sock.connect(sa)
except socket.error, msg:
if self.sock:
self.sock.close()
self.sock = None
continue
break
if not self.sock:
raise socket.error, msg
self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
self._debugging = 0
self._putline("CONNECT 220.181.15.121:110 HTTP/1.0\r\n") #pop.126.com的ip地址
msg_proxy = self._getline()
msg_proxy = self._getline()
self.welcome = self._getresp()

简单起见，上面的代理服务器和pop服务器的ip地址是直接添上去的，实际使用用时需要适当修改成方便应用的形式。

python通过smtp认证服务器发邮件的操作也是相当简单：

(如需要支持中文，注意指明编码，并保持所有编码一致)

# -*- coding: GB2312 -*-
import smtplib

addr_from = "测试邮件发送地址"< mymail@gmail.com >"

addr_to = "测试邮件接收地址"< mymail@gmail.com >"
smtp = "smtp.gamil.com"
head_format = """To: %s\nFrom: %s\nContent-Type: text/plain;\ncharset="gb2312"\nSubject: Test mail from python\n\n"""

body= "This is a test mail.\nSecond line.\n3rd line."

server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.changhong.com')
server.login("name","password")

head = head_format%(addr_to,self.addr_from)
msg = head + body
server.sendmail(self.addr_from,addr_to ,msg)

server.quit()

另外如果需要发送html格式的邮件则又要额外多费一点功夫了，一下是一个简单的发送html格式邮件的py文件，我已经把编码固定成了GB2312：

# -*- coding: GB2312 -*-
class smtp_server:
server = None
subject = "Python mail sender"
addr_from = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
addr_to = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""

charset = 'GB2312'

def __init__(self):
import smtplib
self.server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com")
self.server.login("user_name","mypass")
return

def __del__(self):
if(self.server != ""):
self.server.quit()
return

def send(self, addr_from , addr_to ,msg):
self.server.sendmail(addr_from , addr_to , msg)
return

def send_html(self, addr_from , addr_to ,html , subject):
msg = self.create_html_mail(html,None,subject,addr_from,addr_to)
self.send(addr_from,addr_to,msg)
return

def create_html_mail(self,html, text=None ,subject=None, addr_from=None , addr_to=None):

"Create a mime-message that will render as HTML or text, as appropriate"
import MimeWriter
import mimetools
import cStringIO
import base64

charset = self.charset
if subject is None:
subject=self.subject
if addr_from is None:
addr_from=self.addr_from
if addr_to is None:
addr_to=self.addr_to

if text is None:
# Produce an approximate textual rendering of the HTML string,
# unless you have been given a better version as an argument
import htmllib, formatter
textout = cStringIO.StringIO( )
formtext = formatter.AbstractFormatter(formatter.DumbWriter(textout))
parser = htmllib.HTMLParser(formtext)
parser.feed(html)
parser.close( )
text = textout.getvalue( )
del textout, formtext, parser

out = cStringIO.StringIO( ) # output buffer for our message
htmlin = cStringIO.StringIO(html)
txtin = cStringIO.StringIO(text)

writer = MimeWriter.MimeWriter(out)

# Set up some basic headers. Place subject here
# because smtplib.sendmail expects it to be in the
# message body, as relevant RFCs prescribe.
writer.addheader("From",addr_from)
writer.addheader("To",addr_to)
writer.addheader("Subject", subject)
writer.addheader("MIME-Version", "1.0")

# Start the multipart section of the message.
# Multipart/alternative seems to work better
# on some MUAs than multipart/mixed.
writer.startmultipartbody("alternative")
writer.flushheaders( )

# the plain-text section: just copied through, assuming iso-8859-1
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
pout = subpart.startbody("text/plain", [("charset", charset)])
pout.write(txtin.read( ))
txtin.close( )

# the HTML subpart of the message: quoted-printable, just in case
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
subpart.addheader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
pout = subpart.startbody("text/html", [("charset", charset)])
mimetools.encode(htmlin, pout, 'quoted-printable')
htmlin.close( )

# You're done; close your writer and return the message body
writer.lastpart( )
msg = out.getvalue( )
out.close( )
return msg

if __name__=="__main__":
f = open("test.html", 'r')
html = f.read( )
f.close( )
fromAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
toAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
server = smtp_server()
#message = server.create_html_mail(html)
#server.send(fromAddr, toAddr, message)
server.send_html(fromAddr, toAddr,html,"subject")

相应修改smtp服务器的地址和认证信息，保存为"html_smtp.py"文件，直接运行即可发送内容为当前目录下名为：“test.html”的html格式邮件