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Windows 读取wav文件字节流并播放

news 来源：原创 2024/9/21 1:40:15

Windows 读取wav文件字节流并播放

使用Windows Wave相关API播放wav文件，实现文件读取进内存，按照一定字节数播放，
对wav文件音频格式进行检测，只能播放48kHz采样率，16bit位深，单通道格式的音频文件。

 * @brief   wav文件读取解析和使用Windows api输出* @date    2024-08-02* @author  shentujia@qq.com*/#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "WAVHeader.h"
#include<Windows.h>
#include <MMSystem.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
// 48k 16bit 1channels 音频采样100ms数据大小为9600字节
#define  WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE 9600
using namespace std;HWAVEOUT hWaveOut; // waveOut设备句柄
WAVEHDR waveOutHdr; // waveOut数据块头int main()
{string audio_file = "rain_48khz_1ch_16bit.wav";ifstream fin(audio_file, ios::binary);if (!fin) {cout << "open file failed!" << endl;return 1;}WAVHeader header;//读取wav文件头并保存到header对象中fin.read((char*)&header, sizeof(header));if (strncmp(header.riff.chunkID, "RIFF", 4) != 0 || strncmp(header.riff.format, "WAVE", 4) != 0|| strncmp(header.fmt.chunkID, "fmt ", 4) != 0 || strncmp(header.data.chunkID, "data", 4) != 0) {cout << "file is not a valid WAV file" << endl;return 1;}//判断音频文件是否为16bit 1channels 采样率为48000的音频文件if(header.fmt.numChannels != 1 || header.fmt.bitsPerSample != 16||header.fmt.sampleRate!=48000){cout << "only support 8bit 1channels audio file" << endl;return 1;}WAVEFORMATEX waveFormat;/*WAVEFORMATEX是一种数据结构，用于指定波形音频流的数据格式。它包含以下字段：wFormatTag：设置波形声音的格式。nChannels：设置音频文件的通道数量，对于单声道的声音，此值为1；对于立体声，此值为2。nSamplesPerSec：设置每个声道播放和记录时的样本频率。nAvgBytesPerSec：设置每秒平均字节数。nBlockAlign：设置数据块的对齐方式，即最小数据的原子大小。wBitsPerSample：设置每个样本的位数。cbSize：设置此结构的大小。*/waveFormat.wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;waveFormat.nChannels = header.fmt.numChannels;waveFormat.nSamplesPerSec = header.fmt.sampleRate;waveFormat.nBlockAlign = header.fmt.blickAlign;waveFormat.wBitsPerSample = header.fmt.bitsPerSample;waveFormat.nAvgBytesPerSec = waveFormat.nSamplesPerSec * waveFormat.wBitsPerSample / 8;waveFormat.cbSize = 0;if (waveOutOpen(&hWaveOut, WAVE_MAPPER, &waveFormat, (DWORD_PTR)0, 0, CALLBACK_FUNCTION) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {cout << "无法打开音频设备" << endl;return 1;}char* pcmData = new char[header.data.chunkSize];//读取wav文件的pcm数据部分，保存到char 数组中fin.read(pcmData, header.data.chunkSize);// 计算1毫秒内的样本字节数int bytesPerMs = (header.fmt.sampleRate / 1000) * (header.fmt.bitsPerSample / 8) * header.fmt.numChannels;WAVEHDR* waveHdr = new WAVEHDR();std::vector<char*>char_points;for (int i = 0; i < header.data.chunkSize; i += WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE) {int buffersize = min(WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE, header.data.chunkSize - i);char* perFrameData = new char[WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE];char_points.push_back(perFrameData);memcpy(perFrameData, pcmData + i, WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE);cout << "play " << i << " to " << i + WAVE_BUFFER_SIZE << " bytes" <<",total:" <<header.data.chunkSize<< endl;waveHdr->lpData = perFrameData;waveHdr->dwBufferLength = buffersize;waveHdr->dwFlags = 0;waveHdr->dwLoops = 0;if (waveOutPrepareHeader(hWaveOut, waveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR)) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {cout << "无法准备音频数据" << endl;break;}if (waveOutWrite(hWaveOut, waveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR)) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR) {cout << "无法播放音频" << endl;waveOutUnprepareHeader(hWaveOut, waveHdr, sizeof(WAVEHDR));break;}Sleep(90);}getchar();fin.close();waveOutClose(hWaveOut);//使用new创建的对象需要手动deletedelete waveHdr;delete[] pcmData;for (auto& p : char_points) {delete[] p;}
}