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linux（debian）迁移home到其他物理盘并扩容——————附带详细步骤

news 来源：原创 2024/9/21 3:24:07

文章目录

0 背景
1 准备工作
- 1.1 查看当前分区情况
- 1.2 创建物理磁盘分区
- 1.3 改变分区类型为LVM
- 1.4 创建物理卷
- 1.5 创建卷组
- 1.6 创建逻辑卷
- 1.7 创建文件系统
- 1.8 挂载文件系统
2 备份源文件
3 修改文件夹home的挂载磁盘
- 3.1 查看挂载盘的名字：
- 3.2 查看配置源文件
- 3.3 修改配置文件
- 3.4 重启计算机
- 3.5 查看新的挂载盘的容量
4 清除原来磁盘的分配的home空间
- 4.1 查看原home占用的空间
- 4.2 删除LVM分区
5 扩展home的逻辑卷
- 5.1 创建新分区
- 5.2 创建物理卷
- 5.3 扩展卷组
- 5.4 扩展逻辑卷

0 背景

因为在装debian系统时，home目录和系统目录都在同一个物理盘sda上（使用LVM安装）。后面新添了物理硬盘sdc，需要做到存储系统和数据的物理硬盘分离。

初始情况：

NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-var    254:1    0   9.3G  0 lvm|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:2    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:3    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-home   254:4    0 895.6G  0 lvm  /home
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
`-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part`-Vol1-lvtest         254:5    0   500G  0 lvm  /var

结果：

NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:1    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:2    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   300G  0 lvm  /var
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
| `-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0     1T  0 lvm  /home
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0     1T  0 lvm  /home

结果中还包含了var目录的迁移，迁移回一个已分配逻辑卷的磁盘中。该内容，在下一篇博文中,点击此链接打开。

该篇博文的理论基础在此博文中，本博文为实战篇。

1 准备工作

1.1 查看当前分区情况

root@HsServer:/var# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-var    254:1    0   9.3G  0 lvm|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:2    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:3    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-home   254:4    0 895.6G  0 lvm  /home
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
`-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part`-Vol1-lvtest         254:5    0   500G  0 lvm  /var

1.2 创建物理磁盘分区

root@HsServer:/var# fdisk /dev/sdcWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM001-1ER1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x97be5b6aDevice     Boot Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1        2048 1048578047 1048576000  500G  1 FAT12Command (m for help): n
Partition typep   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2
First sector (1048578048-3907029167, default 1048578048): 1048578048
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1048578048-3907029167, default 3907029167): +1024GCreated a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 1 TiB.Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM001-1ER1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x97be5b6aDevice     Boot      Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1             2048 1048578047 1048576000  500G  1 FAT12
/dev/sdc2       1048578048 3196061695 2147483648    1T 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

1.3 改变分区类型为LVM

root@HsServer:/var# fdisk /dev/sdcWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM001-1ER1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x97be5b6aDevice     Boot      Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1             2048 1048578047 1048576000  500G  1 FAT12
/dev/sdc2       1048578048 3196061695 2147483648    1T 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Hex code or alias (type L to list all):
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): L00 Empty            27 Hidden NTFS Win  82 Linux swap / So  c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
01 FAT12            39 Plan 9           83 Linux            c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
02 XENIX root       3c PartitionMagic   84 OS/2 hidden or   c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
03 XENIX usr        40 Venix 80286      85 Linux extended   c7 Syrinx
04 FAT16 <32M       41 PPC PReP Boot    86 NTFS volume set  da Non-FS data
05 Extended         42 SFS              87 NTFS volume set  db CP/M / CTOS / .
06 FAT16            4d QNX4.x           88 Linux plaintext  de Dell Utility
07 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT  4e QNX4.x 2nd part  8e Linux LVM        df BootIt
08 AIX              4f QNX4.x 3rd part  93 Amoeba           e1 DOS access
09 AIX bootable     50 OnTrack DM       94 Amoeba BBT       e3 DOS R/O
0a OS/2 Boot Manag  51 OnTrack DM6 Aux  9f BSD/OS           e4 SpeedStor
0b W95 FAT32        52 CP/M             a0 IBM Thinkpad hi  ea Linux extended
0c W95 FAT32 (LBA)  53 OnTrack DM6 Aux  a5 FreeBSD          eb BeOS fs
0e W95 FAT16 (LBA)  54 OnTrackDM6       a6 OpenBSD          ee GPT
0f W95 Ext'd (LBA)  55 EZ-Drive         a7 NeXTSTEP         ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS             56 Golden Bow       a8 Darwin UFS       f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12     5c Priam Edisk      a9 NetBSD           f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost  61 SpeedStor        ab Darwin boot      f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3  63 GNU HURD or Sys  af HFS / HFS+       f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16     64 Novell Netware   b7 BSDI fs          f8 EBBR protective
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF  65 Novell Netware   b8 BSDI swap        fb VMware VMFS
18 AST SmartSleep   70 DiskSecure Mult  bb Boot Wizard hid  fc VMware VMKCORE
1b Hidden W95 FAT3  75 PC/IX            bc Acronis FAT32 L  fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3  80 Old Minix        be Solaris boot     fe LANstep
1e Hidden W95 FAT1  81 Minix / old Lin  bf Solaris          ff BBT
24 NEC DOSAliases:linux          - 83swap           - 82extended       - 05uefi           - EFraid           - FDlvm            - 8Elinuxex        - 85
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): 8eChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM001-1ER1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x97be5b6aDevice     Boot      Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1             2048 1048578047 1048576000  500G  1 FAT12
/dev/sdc2       1048578048 3196061695 2147483648    1T 8e Linux LVMCommand (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

目前分区情况：

root@HsServer:/var# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-var    254:1    0   9.3G  0 lvm|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:2    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:3    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-home   254:4    0 895.6G  0 lvm  /home
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
| `-Vol1-lvtest         254:5    0   500G  0 lvm  /var
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part

1.4 创建物理卷

root@HsServer:/var# sudo pvcreate /dev/sdc2Physical volume "/dev/sdc2" successfully created.

注意：pvcreate定义了用于物理卷的物理分区。它只是简单地将分区标记成Linux LVM系统中的分区而已。

1.5 创建卷组

# 创建卷组(vgcreate)
root@HsServer:/var# vgcreate Vol2 /dev/sdc2Volume group "Vol2" successfully created

1.6 创建逻辑卷

root@HsServer:/var#  lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lvtest Vol2Logical volume "lvtest" created.

1，-l选项定义了要为逻辑卷指定多少可用的卷组空间。注意，你可以按照卷组空闲空间的百分比来指定这个值。本例中为新逻辑卷使用了所有的空闲空间（或者用-L选项以字节、千字节（KB）、兆字节（MB）或吉字节（GB）为单位来指定实际的大小）。
2，-n选项允许你为逻辑卷指定一个名称（在本例中称作lvtest）

注意：Linux系统使用逻辑卷来模拟物理分区，并在其中保存文件系统。Linux系统会像处理物理分区一样处理逻辑卷，允许你定义逻辑卷中的文件系统，然后将文件系统挂载到虚拟目录上。

1.7 创建文件系统

root@HsServer:/var# mkfs.ext4 /dev/Vol2/lvtest
mke2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
Creating filesystem with 268434432 4k blocks and 67108864 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 0667b0ac-112e-49b9-b951-b433e559233e
Superblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,102400000, 214990848Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (262144 blocks):
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

1.8 挂载文件系统

root@HsServer:/var# mkdir /backHomeroot@HsServer:/var# mount /dev/Vol2/lvtest /backHomeroot@HsServer:/var# df -hl
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                            11G     0   11G   0% /dev
tmpfs                          2.2G   17M  2.2G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root   23G   11G   11G  50% /
tmpfs                           11G   84K   11G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                          5.0M   16K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
/dev/mapper/Vol1-lvtest        492G  9.7G  457G   3% /var
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp   1.8G  104K  1.7G   1% /tmp
/dev/sda1                      455M  216M  215M  51% /boot
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home  881G   56G  781G   7% /home
tmpfs                          2.2G   56K  2.2G   1% /run/user/113
tmpfs                          2.2G   44K  2.2G   1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtest       1007G   28K  956G   1% /backHome

2 备份源文件

 cp -r /home/* /backHome/

3 修改文件夹home的挂载磁盘

3.1 查看挂载盘的名字：

root@HsServer:/var# blkid
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-var: UUID="dbedb753-dbf4-4aa8-8ef2-49bb55a6acc5" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdb2: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="D470CFB970CFA09A" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-02"
/dev/sdb5: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="0004A422000CA487" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-05"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="M-gM-3M-;M-gM-;M-^_M-dM-?M-^]M-gM-^UM-^Y" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="9400C91000C8FA6E" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-01"
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home: UUID="d3663939-4a5f-4faa-b802-71aef68a4b98" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-swap_1: UUID="ebdc78fa-f920-47b4-b3ce-4486e0993691" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root: UUID="7117eb71-a277-44b7-a7f8-37418817968d" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="roJf0h-R7Bt-tVnm-ml2V-h9ac-fyLZ-jMEa7N" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="97be5b6a-01"
/dev/sda5: UUID="W5i2fK-Up60-LCGp-qIrI-e1q1-Ycye-LwEhpl" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="b8213fff-05"
/dev/sda1: UUID="de772acf-c0c7-4dbc-b213-2ce826d6e055" BLOCK_SIZE="1024" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="b8213fff-01"
/dev/mapper/Vol1-lvtest: UUID="f085a0cc-2c4d-42d1-a8e0-601abbf9a10e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp: UUID="307b0159-746b-4476-866c-ebc2b81632f8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtest: UUID="0667b0ac-112e-49b9-b951-b433e559233e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdc2: UUID="IUHj8a-1VcD-ggMn-UzhK-NNBN-ohhT-Zzci3g" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="97be5b6a-02"xxxxxxxxxx blkidroot@HsServer:/var# blkid/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-var: UUID="dbedb753-dbf4-4aa8-8ef2-49bb55a6acc5" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/sdb2: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="D470CFB970CFA09A" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-02"/dev/sdb5: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="0004A422000CA487" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-05"/dev/sdb1: LABEL="M-gM-3M-;M-gM-;M-^_M-dM-?M-^]M-gM-^UM-^Y" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="9400C91000C8FA6E" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="36e496ea-01"/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home: UUID="d3663939-4a5f-4faa-b802-71aef68a4b98" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-swap_1: UUID="ebdc78fa-f920-47b4-b3ce-4486e0993691" TYPE="swap"/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root: UUID="7117eb71-a277-44b7-a7f8-37418817968d" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/sdc1: UUID="roJf0h-R7Bt-tVnm-ml2V-h9ac-fyLZ-jMEa7N" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="97be5b6a-01"/dev/sda5: UUID="W5i2fK-Up60-LCGp-qIrI-e1q1-Ycye-LwEhpl" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="b8213fff-05"/dev/sda1: UUID="de772acf-c0c7-4dbc-b213-2ce826d6e055" BLOCK_SIZE="1024" TYPE="ext2" PARTUUID="b8213fff-01"/dev/mapper/Vol1-lvtest: UUID="f085a0cc-2c4d-42d1-a8e0-601abbf9a10e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp: UUID="307b0159-746b-4476-866c-ebc2b81632f8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtest: UUID="0667b0ac-112e-49b9-b951-b433e559233e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"/dev/sdc2: UUID="IUHj8a-1VcD-ggMn-UzhK-NNBN-ohhT-Zzci3g" TYPE="LVM2_member" PARTUUID="97be5b6a-02"

3.2 查看配置源文件

root@HsServer:/var# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# systemd generates mount units based on this file, see systemd.mount(5).
# Please run 'systemctl daemon-reload' after making changes here.
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=de772acf-c0c7-4dbc-b213-2ce826d6e055 /boot           ext2    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home /home           ext4    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp /tmp            ext4    defaults        0       2
#/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-var /var            ext4    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-swap_1 none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/Vol1/lvtest /var ext4  defaults 0 2

3.3 修改配置文件

root@HsServer:/var# vi /etc/fstab添加如下一句：/dev/Vol2/lvtest /home ext4  defaults 0 2

3.4 重启计算机

reboot

3.5 查看新的挂载盘的容量

发现home盘从900G更换为1T。

root@HsServer:~# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                            11G     0   11G   0% /dev
tmpfs                          2.2G  3.1M  2.2G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root   23G   11G   11G  50% /
tmpfs                           11G     0   11G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                          5.0M   16K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
/dev/mapper/Vol1-lvtest        492G  9.6G  457G   3% /var
/dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtest       1007G   56G  901G   6% /home
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp   1.8G   80K  1.7G   1% /tmp
/dev/sda1                      455M  216M  215M  51% /boot
tmpfs                          2.2G   56K  2.2G   1% /run/user/113
tmpfs                          2.2G   44K  2.2G   1% /run/user/0

4 清除原来磁盘的分配的home空间

4.1 查看原home占用的空间

发现原home在sda的HsServer--vg-home 中占用了900G，现在要清除掉这部分内容。

root@HsServer:~# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:2    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   9.3G  0 lvm|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:4    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:5    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-home   254:6    0 895.6G  0 lvm
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
| `-Vol1-lvtest         254:1    0   500G  0 lvm  /var
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:0    0  1024G  0 lvm  /home

查看逻辑卷名：

Command (m for help): cat /etc/fstab#/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home /home           ext4    defaults        0       2

4.2 删除LVM分区

删除LVM之前创建的物理卷，卷组，逻辑卷时，删除顺序应该与创建时的顺序相反。也就是卸载文件系统，删除逻辑卷，删除卷组，删除物理卷。卸载文件系统时需要注意：如果之前没有更新/etc/fstab文件,则需要更新。

# 1,卸载文件系统umount /dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home  # 2,删除逻辑卷lvremove /dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home # 3,删除卷组（这里卷组还有其他卷，暂不删除）vgremove HsServer--vg# 4,删除物理卷
pvremove /dev/sda{1,2,5}

执行操作：

root@HsServer:~# lvremove /dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume HsServer-vg/home? [y/n]: yLogical volume "home" successfully removed.root@HsServer:~# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:2    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   9.3G  0 lvm|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:4    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]`-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:5    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
| `-Vol1-lvtest         254:1    0   500G  0 lvm  /var
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:0    0  1024G  0 lvm  /home

5 扩展home的逻辑卷

5.1 创建新分区

root@HsServer:~# fdisk /dev/sdcWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 1.82 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Disk model: ST2000DM001-1ER1
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x97be5b6aDevice     Boot      Start        End    Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdc2       1048578048 3196061695 2147483648   1T 8e Linux LVMCommand (m for help): n
Partition typep   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1,3,4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-3907029167, default 2048): 2048
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1048578047, default 1048578047): 1048578047Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 500 GiB.
Partition #1 contains a LVM2_member signature.Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: YThe signature will be removed by a write command.Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): 8eChanged type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

查看：

root@HsServer:~# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:1    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:2    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   300G  0 lvm  /var
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0  1024G  0 lvm  /home

5.2 创建物理卷

root@HsServer:~# pvcreate /dev/sdc1Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.

5.3 扩展卷组

root@HsServer:~#  vgextend Vol2 /dev/sdc1Volume group "Vol2" successfully extended

5.4 扩展逻辑卷

root@HsServer:~# lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtestSize of logical volume Vol2/lvtest changed from <1024.00 GiB (262143 extents) to <1.01 TiB (264703 extents).Logical volume Vol2/lvtest successfully resized.

扩展前：

root@HsServer:~# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:1    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:2    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   300G  0 lvm  /var
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0  1024G  0 lvm  /home

扩展后(多乐10个G)：

root@HsServer:~# df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev                            11G     0   11G   0% /dev
tmpfs                          2.2G  3.1M  2.2G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-root   23G   11G   11G  50% /
tmpfs                           11G     0   11G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                          5.0M   16K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
/dev/mapper/Vol2-lvtest       1007G   56G  901G   6% /home
/dev/sda1                      455M  216M  215M  51% /boot
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-tmp   1.8G   80K  1.7G   1% /tmp
/dev/mapper/HsServer--vg-var   295G  9.5G  270G   4% /var
tmpfs                          2.2G   56K  2.2G   1% /run/user/113
tmpfs                          2.2G   44K  2.2G   1% /run/user/0root@HsServer:~# lsblk
NAME                    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                       8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk
|-sda1                    8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
|-sda2                    8:2    0     1K  0 part
`-sda5                    8:5    0   931G  0 part|-HsServer--vg-root   254:0    0  23.3G  0 lvm  /|-HsServer--vg-swap_1 254:1    0   976M  0 lvm  [SWAP]|-HsServer--vg-tmp    254:2    0   1.9G  0 lvm  /tmp`-HsServer--vg-var    254:3    0   300G  0 lvm  /var
sdb                       8:16   0 111.8G  0 disk
|-sdb1                    8:17   0   100M  0 part
|-sdb2                    8:18   0  67.9G  0 part
|-sdb3                    8:19   0     1K  0 part
`-sdb5                    8:21   0  43.8G  0 part
sdc                       8:32   0   1.8T  0 disk
|-sdc1                    8:33   0   500G  0 part
| `-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0     1T  0 lvm  /home
`-sdc2                    8:34   0     1T  0 part`-Vol2-lvtest         254:4    0     1T  0 lvm  /home