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Kubernetes 1.20 上将容器从 Docker Engine 改为 Containerd

news 来源：原创 2024/9/20 8:59:02

官网参考：https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/migrating-from-dockershim/change-runtime-containerd/

1、配置先决条件【如果k8s环境初始化的时候如果做过了，直接忽略】

$ cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF$ sudo modprobe overlay
$ sudo modprobe br_netfilter# 设置必需的 sysctl 参数，这些参数在重新启动后仍然存在。
cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables  = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward                 = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
EOF# Apply sysctl params without reboot
$ sudo sysctl --system

2、下线节点

将 <node-to-drain> 替换为你所要下线的节点的名称

kubectl drain <node-to-drain> --ignore-daemonsets

3、停止 Docker 守护进程

systemctl stop kubelet
systemctl disable docker.service --now

4、二进制安装containerd

$ wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.7.20/containerd-1.7.20-linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -xf containerd-1.7.20-linux-amd64.tar.gz#复制bin下所有二进制文件到/usr/bin 目录下,并覆盖之前的文件
$ cp bin/* /usr/bin/
cp：是否覆盖'/usr/bin/containerd'？ y
cp：是否覆盖'/usr/bin/containerd-shim'？ y
cp：是否覆盖'/usr/bin/containerd-shim-runc-v2'？ y
cp：是否覆盖'/usr/bin/ctr'？ y#验证containerd的版本
$ containerd --version
containerd github.com/containerd/containerd v1.7.20 8fc6bcff51318944179630522a095cc9dbf9f353#创建containerd 配置文件
$ mkdir -p /etc/containerd#也可以使用生成的默认配置
$ containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml

修改containerd配置文件

$ cat > /etc/containerd/config.toml << EOF
disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2[cgroup]path = ""[debug]address = ""format = ""gid = 0level = ""uid = 0[grpc]address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"gid = 0max_recv_message_size = 16777216max_send_message_size = 16777216tcp_address = ""tcp_tls_ca = ""tcp_tls_cert = ""tcp_tls_key = ""uid = 0[metrics]address = ""grpc_histogram = false[plugins][plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]deletion_threshold = 0mutation_threshold = 100pause_threshold = 0.02schedule_delay = "0s"startup_delay = "100ms"[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]device_ownership_from_security_context = falsedisable_apparmor = falsedisable_cgroup = falsedisable_hugetlb_controller = truedisable_proc_mount = falsedisable_tcp_service = trueenable_selinux = falseenable_tls_streaming = falseenable_unprivileged_icmp = falseenable_unprivileged_ports = falseignore_image_defined_volumes = falsemax_concurrent_downloads = 3max_container_log_line_size = 16384netns_mounts_under_state_dir = falserestrict_oom_score_adj = falsesandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6"selinux_category_range = 1024stats_collect_period = 10stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"stream_server_port = "0"systemd_cgroup = falsetolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = trueunset_seccomp_profile = ""[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"conf_template = ""ip_pref = ""max_conf_num = 1[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]default_runtime_name = "runc"disable_snapshot_annotations = truediscard_unpacked_layers = falseignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = falseno_pivot = falsesnapshotter = "overlayfs"[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]base_runtime_spec = ""cni_conf_dir = ""cni_max_conf_num = 0container_annotations = []pod_annotations = []privileged_without_host_devices = falseruntime_engine = ""runtime_path = ""runtime_root = ""runtime_type = ""[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]base_runtime_spec = ""cni_conf_dir = ""cni_max_conf_num = 0container_annotations = []pod_annotations = []privileged_without_host_devices = falseruntime_engine = ""runtime_path = ""runtime_root = ""runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]BinaryName = ""CriuImagePath = ""CriuPath = ""CriuWorkPath = ""IoGid = 0IoUid = 0NoNewKeyring = falseNoPivotRoot = falseRoot = ""ShimCgroup = ""SystemdCgroup = true[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]base_runtime_spec = ""cni_conf_dir = ""cni_max_conf_num = 0container_annotations = []pod_annotations = []privileged_without_host_devices = falseruntime_engine = ""runtime_path = ""runtime_root = ""runtime_type = ""[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]key_model = "node"[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]config_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]endpoint = ["https://docker.srebro.site"][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."gcr.io"]endpoint = ["https://gcr.srebro.site"][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."k8s.gcr.io"]endpoint = ["https://k8s-gcr.srebro.site"][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."quay.io"]endpoint = ["https://quay.srebro.site"][plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]tls_cert_file = ""tls_key_file = ""[plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]path = "/opt/containerd"[plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]interval = "10s"[plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]sampling_ratio = 1.0service_name = "containerd"[plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]content_sharing_policy = "shared"[plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]no_prometheus = false[plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]no_shim = falseruntime = "runc"runtime_root = ""shim = "containerd-shim"shim_debug = false[plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]platforms = ["linux/amd64"]sched_core = false[plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]default = ["walking"][plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]rdt_config_file = ""[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]root_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]root_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]async_remove = falsebase_image_size = ""discard_blocks = falsefs_options = ""fs_type = ""pool_name = ""root_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]root_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]root_path = ""upperdir_label = false[plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]root_path = ""[plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]endpoint = ""insecure = falseprotocol = ""[proxy_plugins][stream_processors][stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]path = "ctd-decoder"returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"[stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]path = "ctd-decoder"returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"[timeouts]"io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s""io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s""io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s""io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s""io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"[ttrpc]address = ""gid = 0uid = 0
EOF

使用systemd管理containerd ，并启动

$ cat > /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service << EOF[Unit]
Description=containerd container runtime
Documentation=https://containerd.io
After=network.target[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/containerd
Restart=always
RestartSec=5
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
OOMScoreAdjust=-999[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl enable containerd
$ systemctl restart containerd

5、配置kubelet使用containerd并重启kubelet

$ vim /etc/sysconfig/kubelet 
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--container-runtime=remote --container-runtime-endpoint=unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock --cgroup-driver=systemd$ systemctl restart kubelet

6、验证节点处于健康状态

# 会显示出containerd版本，健康状态
$ kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION    INTERNAL-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                    KERNEL-VERSION                        CONTAINER-RUNTIME
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.210   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node1    Ready,SchedulingDisabled    <none>                 7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.211   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.212   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node3    Ready    <none>                 6d22h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.213   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20

7、uncordon 节点

将 <node-to-uncordon> 替换为你之前下线的节点的名称。

$ kubectl uncordon <node-to-uncordon>

8、再次验证

[root@k8s-master bin]# kubectl get nodes -o wide
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION    INTERNAL-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   OS-IMAGE                    KERNEL-VERSION                        CONTAINER-RUNTIME
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.210   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node1    Ready    <none>                 7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.211   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node2    Ready    <none>                 7d21h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.212   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   containerd://1.7.20
k8s-node3    Ready    <none>                 6d22h   v1.20.15   172.22.33.213   <none>        openEuler 22.03 (LTS-SP4)   5.10.0-221.0.0.124.oe2203sp3.x86_64   docker://20.10.18

9、使用 crictl 管理 container 容器
crictl是连接containerd的一个client端工具，用于管理containerd中的容器，这个工具比默认的ctr好用。
默认在安装k8s 集群的时候就已经安装好了 crictl 工具，如果没有安装，可以在到https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases 下载

配置:
crictl 命令有几个子命令和运行时参数。有关详细信息，请使用 crictl help 或 crictl help 获取帮助信息。
crictl 默认连接到 unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock

通过设置参数 --runtime-endpoint 和 --image-endpoint
通过设置环境变量 CONTAINER_RUNTIME_ENDPOINT 和 IMAGE_SERVICE_ENDPOINT
通过在配置文件中设置端点 --config=/etc/crictl.yaml

vim  /etc/crictl.yaml
runtime-endpoint: unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock
image-endpoint: unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock
timeout: 10

使用:

$ crictl ps
CONTAINER           IMAGE               CREATED             STATE               NAME                      ATTEMPT             POD ID              POD
e1d534d619223       bfe3a36ebd252       28 hours ago        Running             coredns                   0                   35129ad6d5b59       coredns-7f89b7bc75-mmz8g
68c316e8d8679       8cc143673c83d       28 hours ago        Running             calico-node               0                   968262a8713b5       calico-node-ptvpq
4d31f61ea23c4       46e2cd1b25948       28 hours ago        Running             kube-proxy                0                   151f51bff3027       kube-proxy-x86hz
38c4d21cdf2df       323f6347f5e23       28 hours ago        Running             kube-apiserver            0                   126d5baa021d9       kube-apiserver-k8s-master
0fc2c1ed4532a       d6296d0e06d2d       28 hours ago        Running             kube-controller-manager   0                   8953ba210f01a       kube-controller-manager-k8s-master
f3ee929989d55       9155e4deabb35       28 hours ago        Running             kube-scheduler            0                   cef092711df39       kube-scheduler-k8s-master
868271ca8de57       0369cf4303ffd       28 hours ago        Running             etcd                      0                   f8c987d6475d5       etcd-k8s-master

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